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Exercise 2.20
The position of the front bumper of a test car under microprocessor control is given by
.
Part A
Find its position at the first instant when the car has zero velocity.
ANSWER:
= 2.17
Correct
Part B
Find its acceleration at the first instant when the car has zero velocity.
ANSWER:
= 9.60
Correct
Part C
Find its position at the second instant when the car has zero velocity.
ANSWER:
= 15.0
Correct
Part D
Find its acceleration at the second instant when the car has zero velocity.
ANSWER:
= -38.4
Correct
Part E
ANSWER:
View
Correct
Part F
Draw graph for the motion of the bumper between and .
ANSWER:
View
Correct
Part G
ANSWER:
View
All attempts used; correct answer
displayed
Exercise 2.30
At a car is stopped at a traffic light. When the light turns green, the car starts to speed
up, and gains speed at a constant rate until it reaches a speed of 20 8 seconds after
the light turns green. The car continues at a constant speed for 60 . Then the driver sees
a red light up ahead at the next intersection, and starts slowing down at a constant rate. The
car stops at the red light, 180 from where it was at .
Part A
Draw accurate graph for the motion of the car.
ANSWER:
View
All attempts used; correct answer
displayed
Part B
ANSWER:
View
All attempts used; correct answer
displayed
Exercise 2.32
The figure is a graph of the acceleration of a model railroad locomotive moving on the x-
axis.
Part A
ANSWER:
View
Answer
Requested
Part B
Graph its x-coordinate as functions of time if and at .
ANSWER:
View
Answer
Requested
Exercise 2.34
A subway train starts from rest at a station and accelerates at a rate of for 14.0
. It runs at constant speed for 70.0 and slows down at a rate of until it stops at
the next station.
Part A
Find the total distance covered.
ANSWER:
= 1.80
Correct
Exercise 2.53
The graph in the figure describes the acceleration as a function of time for a stone rolling
down a hill starting from rest.
Part A
Find the change in the stone's velocity between and .
ANSWER:
= 30
Correct
Part B
ANSWER:
View
Answer
Requested
Problem 2.55
The position of a particle between and is given by
Part A
Draw the - graphs of this particle.
ANSWER:
View
Correct
Part B
ANSWER:
View
All attempts used; correct answer
displayed
Part C
Draw the - graphs of this particle.
ANSWER:
View
Correct
Part D
At what time(s) between and is the paslyrticle instantaneou at rest?
Express your answer numerically. If there is more than one answer enter
each answer separated by a comma.
ANSWER:
= 0.630,1.60
Correct
Part E
ANSWER: positive
negative
Correct
Part F
At is the acceleration of the particle positive or negative?
ANSWER: positive
negative
Correct
Part G
At what time(s) between and is the velocity of the particle
instantaneously not changing?
Express your answer numerically. If there is more than one answer enter
each answer separated by a comma.
ANSWER:
= 1.11
Correct
Part H
What is the particle's greatest distance from the origin between and
?
ANSWER:
= 2.45
Correct
Part I
ANSWER:
= 2.00
Correct
Part J
At what time(s) between and is the particle slowing down at the greatest
rate?
Express your answer numerically. If there is more than one answer enter
each answer separated by a comma.
ANSWER:
= 0.00×100
Correct
Problem 2.70
Two stunt drivers drive directly toward each other. At time the two cars are a distance
apart, car 1 is at rest, and car 2 is moving to the left with speed . Car 1 begins to move
at , speeding up with a constant acceleration . Car 2 continues to move with a
constant velocity.
Part A
At what time do the two cars collide?
ANSWER:
Correct
Part B
ANSWER:
Correct
Part A
Rank the following trips in order of their average -velocity, from most
positive to most negative. The positive -direction is to the north.
ANSWER:
View
All attempts used; correct answer
displayed
Automobiles and both have average -velocity zero, since the net displacement
for each trip is zero. Automobile has a net northward (positive) -displacement
in time , so
. Automobiles and both have
a net southward (negative) -displacement . For , so
; for , so
.
Part A
Rank the following points on the graph in order from most positive to
most negative -acceleration.
ANSWER:
View
All attempts used; correct answer
displayed
Exercise 2.50
The acceleration of a bus is given by , where = 1.18 is a constant.
Part A
If the bus's velocity at time = 1.04 is 4.97 , what is its velocity at time = 2.20 ?
ANSWER:
= 7.19
Correct
Part B
If the bus's position at time = 1.04 is 6.00 , what is its position at time = 2.20 ?
ANSWER:
= 12.9
Correct
Problem 2.67
Large cockroaches can attain a speed of 2.20 in short bursts. Suppose you turn on the
light in a cheap motel and see one scurrying directly away from you at a constant speed 2.20
as you move toward it at a speed of 0.900 .
Part A
If you start a distance 0.880 behind it, what minimum constant acceleration would you
need to catch up with it when it has traveled a distance 1.50 , just short of safety under
a counter?
ANSWER: 7.60
= Answer
Requested
Problem 2.65
A ball starts from rest and rolls down a hill with uniform acceleration, traveling 120 during
the second 6.0 of its motion.
Part A
How far did it roll during the first 6.0 of motion?
Express your answer using two significant figures.
ANSWER:
= 40
Correct
Part A
Figure 2.3
An object is moving in a straight line (the x-axis). The graph in Fig. 2.3 shows the x-
coordinate of this object as a function of time. Which one of the following statements about
this object is correct?
Part A
, , and .
(a) Find the instantaneous acceleration at = 4.5 s.
(b) Find the average acceleration over the first 4.5 seconds.
Express your answers using two significant figures separated by a comma.
ANSWER: 200,92
Answer
Requested
Exercise 3.4
Part A
If , where and are positive constants, when does the velocity vector
make an angle of with the x- and y-axes?
ANSWER:
=
Correct
Exercise 3.28
On your first day at work for an appliance manufacturer, you are told to figure out what to do
to the period of rotation during a washer spin cycle to triple the centripetal acceleration. You
impress your boss by answering immediately.
Part A
What do you tell her?
ANSWER:
= 0.577
Correct
Problem 3.44
A faulty model rocket moves in the xy-plane (the positive y-direction is vertically upward).
The rocket's acceleration has components and , where = 2.50
Part A
ANSWER:
=
Correct
Part B
Calculate the position vector as a function of time.
ANSWER:
=
Correct
Part C
What is the maximum height reached by the rocket?
ANSWER:
= 341
Correct
Part D
ANSWER:
View
Answer
Requested
Part E
What is the horizontal displacement of the rocket when it returns to ?
ANSWER:
= 38.5
Correct
Part A
Find the speed of the bird relative to the ground.
ANSWER:
= 10.5
Correct
Part B
ANSWER:
= 12.6
Correct
Part C
Find the direction of the bird's acceleration.
ANSWER:
= 0×100 above the horizontal
Correct
Part D
Find the angle between the bird's velocity vector and the horizontal.
ANSWER:
= 16.6
Correct
Exercise 3.39
A canoe has a velocity of 0.55 southeast relative to the earth. The canoe is on a river
that is flowing 0.59 east relative to the earth.
Part A
Find the magnitude of the velocity of the canoe relative to the river.
Express your answer using two significant figures.
ANSWER:
= 0.44
Correct
Part B
Find the direction of the velocity of the canoe relative to the river.
Express your answer as an angle measured south of west. Express your
answer using two significant figures.
ANSWER:
= 63 south of west
Correct
Part A
What is the acceleration (in 's) at a point halfway out to the end?
ANSWER:
= 3.40
Correct
Part B
This centrifuge is now used in a space capsule on the planet Mercury, where is
0.378 what it is on earth. How many (in terms of ) should it make to produce 7
at its outer end?
ANSWER:
= 0.624
Correct
Problem 3.85
In a World Cup soccer match, Juan is running due north toward the goal with a speed of 8.00
relative to the ground. A teammate passes the ball to him. The ball has a speed of 13.7
and is moving in a direction of 30.2 east of north, relative to the ground.
Part A
What is the magnitude of the ball's velocity relative to Juan?
ANSWER:
= 7.89
Correct
Part B
What is the direction of the ball's velocity relative to Juan?
ANSWER:
= 29.1 north of east
Correct
Problem 3.91
For no apparent reason, a poodle is running at a constant speed of 3.30 in a circle with
radius 2.9 . Let be the velocity vector at time , and let be the velocity vector at
time . Consider and . Recall that .
Part A
For = 0.4 calculate the magnitude (to four significant figures) of the average
acceleration .
ANSWER:
= 3.723
Correct
Part B
ANSWER:
= 103
Correct
Part C
For = 0.2 calculate the magnitude (to four significant figures) of the average
acceleration .
ANSWER:
= 3.747
Correct
Part D
For = 0.2 calculate the direction (relative to ) of the average acceleration .
ANSWER:
= 96.5
Correct
Part E
For = 5×10−2 calculate the magnitude (to four significant figures) of the average
acceleration .
ANSWER:
= 3.755
Correct
Part F
ANSWER:
= 91.6
Correct
Part G
Compare your results to the general expression for the instantaneous acceleration for
uniform circular motion that is derived in the text.
Correct
Problem 3.93
Two students are canoeing on a river. While heading upstream, they accidentally drop an
empty bottle overboard. They then continue paddling for 1.2 , reaching a point 2.6
farther upstream. At this point they realize that the bottle is missing and, driven by ecological
awareness, they turn around and head downstream. They catch up with and retrieve the
bottle (which has been moving along with the current) 5.5 downstream from the turn-
around point.
Part A
Assuming a constant paddling effort throughout, how fast is the river flowing?
ANSWER: 1.21
= Answer
Requested
Part B
What would the canoe speed in a still lake be for the same paddling effort?
ANSWER: 3.38
= Answer
Requested