Ex 1:

Consider a base station of a GSM system as in the following figure

Lp Mobile
BS antenna
Antenna
Pb Gm
Tx/Rx
Lm
Gb
Sm
Lj Ltf Pm
BS Feder
Connector Tx
Tx
Filter Lf
MS
Sb
Diversity
Lc antenna
BS Gd
Rx Combiner

Frequency f (MHz) 1850

Mobile station (MS) Transmit Power Pm (dBm) 30
MS Rx Sensitivity Sm (-dBm) 102
MS Antenna Gain Gm (dBi) 0
MS Feeder Loss Lm (dB) 0
Base Statrion (BS) Transmit Power Pb (dBm) 40
BS Rx Sensitivity Sb (-dBm) 110
BS Antenna Gain Gb (dBi) 18
BS Diversity Gain Gd (dB) 3
BS Jumper/Connector Loss Lj (dB) 1
BS Combiner Loss Lc (dB) 0
BS Tx Filter Loss Ltf (dB) 0.3
Feeder Loss per Meter Lf (dB/meter) 0.065
Fade Margin Mf (dB) 5.4
Building Attenuation Abldg ( Av) (dB) 10
Interference Margin Mi (dB) 2
Body Attenuation Ab (dB) 3

A Potential client has asked you to predict the number of cells necessary to cover 25 Km2 Urban. For
urban areas, the client can acquire 30 m towers (BS antenna height).

Assume feeder length = tower height, and a mobile height of 2 m and cell with a radius of less than 1
km are acceptable. Correction factor(s) of Hata model are not necessary to take into account.

Determine the followings

a. Is the hardware (i.e, radius of a cell) uplink or downlink limited? Why?

b. What is the total number of cells necessary to cover the described area? Assume that the cells
are all edge excited hexagons
c. The area that the client wishes to cover has a population of 10,000 people. For the client’s
business case, they have assumed 10% penetration (blocking probability). The traffic for each
demographic is uniformly distributed in the area (i.e. if the total traffic is 2 erlangs and there
are two cells, each cell carriers 1 erlang of traffic). If each subscriber is assumed to use 4.5 m-
Erlang, how many carriers will be required per cell? Assume for a GSM system that the first
radio in each site has only 7 timeslots available for traffic, each subsequent radio has 8
timeslots available for traffic.