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HYPERDISPERSANTS IN
NANOTECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS
NanoMaterials 07
1st May 2007
Ian Maxwell - Noveon
• Microengineering
– Tiny machines (actually micron, not nanometre sizes)
– “Nanobots”
Transparent pigments
Iron oxides, TiO2 based UV absorbers
Conventional tinting
pigments
5 nm 50 nm 100nm
Ceramics
“Quantum Dots”
MATERIAL PROPERTY
• The smaller the particle, the shorter the range of the interactive
forces between them
– The steric stabilisation barrier doesn’t need to be so thick
BUT
• The surface area per gram of particles gets bigger and bigger,
so the amount of dispersant required increases
Anchoring and
soluble segments all
mixed together.
Schematic illustration of block colplymers with broad mol Schematic illustration of linear
wt distribution comb with broad mol wt
distribution of steric chains
INFLUENCE OF
FIRST RECOMMENDATION SOLVENT SOLUBILITY
NOT RECOMMENDED
(HIGHLY SOLUBLE)
20000 K500
K200
Polyols R700 Plasticiser
Dispersions
Polyether -
Polyol Non-Phthalate
based
© The Lubrizol Corporation 2006, all rights reserved
SOLVENT-FREE COATINGS
OVERVIEW OF 100% ACTIVE SOLSPERSE PRODUCTS
SOLSPERSE Hyperdispersants
This dosage can be more easily understood as % agent on weight of pigment (% AOWP)
200 X
PIGMENT
SURFACE
AREA 100 X
(m2/g)
20% 40%
ACID v AMINE
on TiO2
INORGANIC ORGANIC
ALUMINA TRIETHANOLAMINE
SILICA POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE
ZIRCONIA TRIMETHYLOLPROPANE
SURFACTANTS
80
75 32600
70
36600
65
60
55
50
TR92 R700 TR81 TR85 RTC30 RXL R931
100
95
90
32600
85
80 36600
75
70
65
60
55
TR92 R700 TR81 TR85 RTC30 RXL R931
- To rheology and
- Application performance
100.0
200
Particle size (nm)
180
160
140
120
100
0 50 100 150 200 250
200
180
140
120
Particle Size (nm)
100
80
60
40
20
0
0
20
30
50
Milling Time
- Flame Pyrolysis
- Sol Gel
WITH ADDITIVES
Process Stage
Anchor Group
Polymeric Chain
Treatment - Benefits
QUALITY PRODUCTIVITY
Treatment - Quality
Solsperse!
Quality
treated pigment
+
(strength or Untreated Solsperse! in
brightness or Pigment the formulation
dispersibility, +
etc) Solsperse! in Pigment
the formulation treated with
Solsperse!
Untreated
Pigment
Surface Treatment
• By particle surface
DOSAGE
Red Lake C (Red 53.1) • Best results seen when added as an emulsion Transparent, easy to disperse
Lithol Reds (Red 49.1) after coupling but prior to laking pigments for offset paste inks or
Permanent Red 2B (Red 48s) gravure liquid inks
Diarylide Yellows
Yellow 12, Yellow 13 • Added as a solution (in acetic acid) during the Stronger, brighter pigments
coupling stage
• Can be used also as an alternative to post- Improved dispersibility in inks
treatment with rosins or fatty amines
• Can be added as an emulsion prior to drying Improved dispersibility
Control opacity/transparency
Phthalocyanine Blues • Added during or after milling processes Improved rheology in solventborne
• Or added during solvent crystallisation paint and ink systems
Blue 15.4, 15.3 • Or added as an emulsion prior to drying Increased colour strength
Inorganics
Synthetic iron- • Post treatments after • Improved dispersibility in
oxides high temperature solvent paint system
- Yellow 42 processing • Higher strength pigment in
- Red 101 solvent borne paint
formulation
EMULSION/SOLUTION PREPARATION
SOLSPERSE! 3000 EMULSIONS
NON-IONIC EMULSION
1. MELT & MIX TOGETHER 20 PARTS SOLSPERSE! 3000 AND 5 PARTS SYNPERONIC A14
SYNPERONIC A14: C13-C15 MIXED ALCOHOL + 14 ETHYLENE OXIDE UNITS
2. WITH HIGH SHEAR STIRRING POUR MIXTURE INTO 75 PARTS OF WATER WHICH IS AT 50°C
ANIONIC EMULSION
1. MELT 25 PARTS SOLSPERSE! 3000 AND POUR INTO A SOLUTION OF 2.5 PARTS
TRIETHANOLAMINE/72.5 PARTS WATER WHICH IS AT 50°C AND BEING STIRRED RAPIDLY
USING A HIGH SHEAR MIXER
THESE EMULSIONS ARE STABLE FOR SEVERAL MONTHS AT AMBIENT TEMP. & IN pH2-pH10
SLURRY THE SOLSPERSE! P850 IN THE KOH SOLUTION AND CLARIFY THE SLURRY BY THE ADDITION OF THE BUTYL CELLOSOLVE
FINAL SOLUTION IS SLIGHTLY HAZY AND AFTER STANDING 4 DAYS A SMALL AMOUNT OF PRECIPITATE
SETTLES WHICH IS READILY RE-DISPERSED ON STIRRING
© The Lubrizol Corporation 2006, all rights reserved
TECHNICAL SERVICE / DEVELOPMENT
CAPABILITY
DISPERSANT NEEDS
QUESTIONS ?