Quadric Surfaces

Lesson 3

Objective:
At the end of the lesson you should be able to:
1. Define quadric surfaces
2. Recall standard formulas of conics
3. Define traces.
4. Sketch the trace of a given quadric surface.

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 Quadric Surfaces

Definition:

It is the graph of the second degree equation in three

variables x, y, and z.

Ax 2  By 2  Cz 2  Dxy  Eyz  Fxz  Gx  Hy  Iz  J  0

and this could be simplified to

Ax 2  By 2  Cz 2  J  0 or Ax 2  By 2  Iz  0

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 Conics

Let us recall the standard formulas for Conics:

1. Parabola 2. Ellipse
x2   4 a y x2 y2 y2 x2
2
 2 1; 2
 2 1
y2   4 a x a b a b

3. Hyperbola 4. Circle
x2  y2  r 2
x2 y2 y2 x2
2
 2 1 ; 2  2 1 ( x  h) 2  ( y  k ) 2  1
a b a b

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 Traces

It is a method of drawing to indicate the shape of

the surface.

See the Graphs of Quadric Surfaces!!! (page 872)

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 How to Sketch the Surface
Example 1:
Draw the graph of the surface z  y 2
.
z
Variable x is missing !
x = k (Constant)
Traces of the surface
is a parabola.
y

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 z

x Trace in the x, y, and z axes

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 Example 2
y2 z2
Graph the ellipsoid x  2 2  32 1
2
.

z
3

2 1
1 2
y
x 3

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 Example 3

Sketch the graph of x2  y2  z .

Let z ,y and x = k, ( one at a time) then identify the

traces
x  y  k,
2 2
a circle
x2  k 2  z , a vertical parabola
k 2  y2  z , a vertical parabola

What’s the Surface?

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 z PARABOLOID!!!

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 Example 4
x2 z 2
Sketch the graph of 2  y 2  1
2 2

x2
Let z  0 , 2  y 2 1 , an ellipse
2
x2 z 2
y 0 , 2   1 , a hyperbola
2 2
y2 z2
x  0,   1 , a hyperbola
1 2

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 The figure is a
Hyperboloid

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 Example 5
Find the traces and sketch  x  y  z 1
2 2 2

Let x = k, trace is hyperbola.

Let y = k, no trace.
Let z = k, trace is hyperbola.
The solid is two sheets hyperboloid.
z

y
0

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 Exercise

What is the sketch for the following quadric surfaces?

on page 874
Nos. 11, 17 , 19 , 18

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