Name ____________________

AP BIOLOGY
C. 28 Key Questions

1) a- How is the endomembrane system of eukaryotic cells thought to have

evolved?

b- Review the evidence for the serial endosymbiotic model of eukaryotic cell
evolution.

c- Explain the “serial” part of the hypothesis.

2) a- Explain the occurrence of multiple membranes found around the plastids of

some protist groups,

b- What is regarded as the ultimate origin of all plastids?

3) Describe how the origin of eukaryotes catalyzed a second great wave of

diversification.

4) Sketch and label a diagram of a Paramecium. To which group and protistan

clade does this organism belong?

5) a- In which protistan clade are the heterokont algae placed?

b- Where does the name heterkont come from?

c- What three groups of algae are heterkonts?

d- Describe the plastid of the heterokont.

6) Why are the amoebas, actinopods, and foramsnot included in the

phylogenetid tree of eukaryotes presented in your text?

The following essay question appeared on the 1993 AP Biology Exam. Although it is
not directly related to Protists, it does relate the importance of the eukaryotic cell and
it’s specialized functions. Additionally it serves as a great review as we’re now over
half done with the course.
(I will collect essays on Thursday)
Membranes are important structural features of cells.

(a) Describe how membrane structure is related to the transport of materials across a
membrane.

(b) Describe the role of membranes in the synthesis of ATP in either respiration or
photosynthesis.