CO2 reduction options from Power generation

Electricity-related CO2 emissions

20 18 16 14 GT CO2 12 10 8 6 4 2 0
Reference scenario
Efficiency improvement Nuclear Renewables CCS Demand reduction Supply-side options

CO2 Capture Technology

RECS - Birmingham, AL, 13th June 2011 Barath Baburao CCS R & D, Alstom Power, Knoxville

450 ppm / +2C max

Needed path:Scientific community Target

CCS an important mitigation solution 1.4GT CO2 avoided through CCS in 2030

2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Source: IEA WEO 2009

CCS required just to stabilize emissions by 2030

ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

Introduction to Alstom Power: Technologies adapted to all energy sources

Agenda

Gas Life Cycle Management Coal

Hydro

Continuous Evolution in Cleaner Fossil Power CO2 capture technology

(Conv. Island)

Nuclear

CCS-Ready
Oil Wind

Conclusion and Discussion

Addressing the Climate Change Challenge - PJ - 02 Sep 2010 - P 2

ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

Geothermal

Biomass

Solar

ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

Alstom s 3 Pillar Strategy to stabilize CO2 emissions

Stabilising Power Emissions is possible With solutions that are available today 1. Balanced Portfolio
Balancing the generation portfolio by significantly increasing the share of CO2 free technology

Agenda

Continuous Evolution in Cleaner Fossil Power CO2 capture technology CCS-Ready Conclusion and Discussion

2. Production Efficiency and Energy Management (Smart Power)

Efficiency is a key to emissions reduction

3. Carbon Capture and Storage

With 60% of the installed base in 2030 being fossil fuels, CCS is a must
ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

CCS Technologies developed by Alstom

CO2 capture technologies pursued by Alstom

Alstom activity on demonstrations 1st and 2nd Generation CCS

Operating
2 Gen

Under Construction

Post-combustion
(New + retrofit)

Oxy-combustion
(New + retrofit)

Vattenfall Schwarze Pumpe Germany - 30 MWth Oxy - Lignite

AEP Mountaineer USA - 58 MWth Chilled Ammonia - Coal

DOE/Alstom Windsor US 3 MWth Chemical looping - Coal NER300

TCM Mongstad Norway - 40 MWth Chilled Ammonia - Gas NER300

EDF Le Havre France 5 MWth Adv. Amines - Coal

Pre-commercial Projects

Dow Chemical Co. USA, West Virginia Advanced Amines - Coal

Total Lacq France - 30 MWth Oxy - Gas 2 Gen

Drax - Selby UK - 426 MWe Oxy Hard Coal NER300

Vattenfall Jnschwalde Germany - 250 MWe Oxy - Lignite

Transalta Canada - >200 MWe Post - Coal NER300

Chilled Ammonia Advanced Amines

Oxy combustion with Air Separation Unit Chemical Looping Combustion

Alstom BSF Windsor US - 15 MWth Oxy - Coals RFCS EU - Darmstad Germany 1 MWth Chemical looping - Coal NER300 PGE Belchatow Poland 260 MWe Adv. Amines - Lignite
Applied for funding

CCS Technology must be applied to both new and existing units

ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

AEP Mountaineer USA 235MWe Chilled Ammonia - Coal

Getica - CET Turceni Romania >250MWe Chilled Ammonia - Lignite

Selected by US DOE to receive CCPI Round 3 funding

Selected for receiving EEPR funding

Selected by Alberta and Federal Canadian funding

ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

Advanced Amine Process (AAP)

Principle Flue gas treated with aqueous amine solution, which reacts with CO2 Raising temperature reverses the above step releasing CO2 and recycling the solution for re-use

Advanced Amine CO2 Capture

Key features AAP

Proven in natural gas & syngas purification Carbon capture from flue gas is a new application with new challenges More efficient capture of CO2 Higher tolerance against oxygen & trace contaminants Lower solvent degradation rates

A promising evolution!
ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited. ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

Advanced Amine Process Development Alstom Roadmap

Advanced Amine Process Field Pilot - Charleston

Charleston - field pilot - USA WV - Dow

Designed to capture 1,800 t CO2/year Installation on commercially operating coalfired boiler

2007 Pilot
Complete Univ. of

2009

2011 Industrial / Validation

2014-2015 Large-scale demonstration

Project schedule
Commercial

-Commissioning in August 09 -Testing started in September 09 -Conversion to advanced configuration in

early 2010 to test proprietary process flow scheme jointly developed by Dow and Alstom
Advanced Amine Field Pilot Charleston, West Virginia

Texas
In operation In construction Coming Selected for receiving EEPR funding

Dow Chemical Co. USA - 2MWth, Coal EdF Le Havre France - 5 MWth, Coal PGE Belchatow Poland - 260 MWe, Lignite

Testing continues in 2011

Moving forward to scale-up the technology

ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

Advanced Amine Process:

Field Pilot - Le Havre
C2A2 - field pilot - Le Havre - France

Chilled Ammonia Process (CAP)

Designed to capture 25 tCO2/ day Advanced flow scheme & operation
validation Principle Cooled flue gas is treated with ammonium carbonate in solution, which reacts with CO2 to form ammonium bicarbonate Raising the temperatures reverses the above reactions releasing pressurized CO2 Advantages Energy-efficient capture of CO2 High CO2 purity Tolerant to oxygen and flue gas impurities Stable reagent, no degradation possible, no emission of trace contaminants Low-cost, globally available reagent

Flue gas: slipstream from 600 MWe

coal plant (EDF host facility)

Project partners: EDF and Alstom.

Alstom has a partnership with Dow

Project schedule - Overall 2010-2013 program - Test from Q2 12 to Q1 13 (one

year)
EDF 600 MWe coal power plant (field pilot represented in orange)

Source: Alstom

Source: Alstom

No storage French funding by ADEME

A new technology with high potential !

ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

Chilled Ammonia Process Development Technology scale-up road map

Chilled Ammonia Process: Validation pilot - Mountaineer

Mountaineer - Validation pilot - USA WV - AEP

Designed to capture & store 100,000 tCO2/year Captured CO2 sequestered into two wells on the
plant property
2006 Test Rigs 2008 Industrial Pilots
Tests successful

2009 Validation Pilots

2015 Large-scale demonstration

Commercial by 2015

Commenced engineering and permitting Oct 07 First CO2 captured in Sept 2009, injection started
October 1, 2009 AEP and Alstom working to develop commercial scale project (CSP) to capture 1.5 MTPY at Mountaineer facility

Alstom Vaxj Sweden 0.25 MWth

We Energies Pleasant Prairie USA - 5 MWth, Coal EoN Karlshamn Sweden - 5 MWth, Oil

AEP Mountaineer USA - 58 MWth, Coal TCM Mongstad Norway - 40 MWth, Gas

AEP Mountaineer US - >200 MWe, Coal

w Ne Turceni Feasability Romania - >200 MWe, Lignite

Plant availability raised to 85/90% since early Jan

2011

Tests completed

Under construction Targeted

Selected by US DOE to receive CCPI Round 3 funding

In operation

CO2 captured and injected near design values

Alstom s Chilled Ammonia Process at AEP s Mountaineer Plant
ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

Roadmap to commercialization

ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

Oxy-Combustion Process
Principle Fuel is burned in a mixture of oxygen and re-circulated flue-gas. Due to absence of Nitrogen, resulting flue gas is enriched in CO2 After water condensing and purification, CO2 compressed and sent for storage or re-use. Advantages Reliability: main components exist, only adaptation to power gen and scale-up All types of boilers / firing systems adaptable to oxy to cover complete fuel range Rapid scale-up to large size (1,000 MWe range) possible after large demos. Retrofit in Oxy can be addressed High efficiency and competitiveness of supercritical/ultra-supercritical cycles and large unit size will be key benefits Large panel of entities involved in development, contributing to reaching A sound technological option solid consensus.
ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

Oxy-Combustion Process Development Alstom Roadmap

2004 Lab Scale Up to 500 kWth Germany (U. Stuttgart, U. Cottbus, U. HamburgHarburg, U. Dresden)

2008

2009 Pilots

2014-2015 Large-scale demonstration

Commercial

Vattenfall Schwarze Pumpe Germany - 30 MWth, Lignite & Bit. Coal Total Lacq France - 30 MWth, Natural Gas Alstom Boiler Simulation Facility USA - 15 MWth, TF- Coals

300 600 MWth Oxyfuel Coal e.g. Alstoms Feasibility Study for Vattenfall Jnschwalde

Selected for receiving EEPR funding

Tests completed In construction In operation Coming

Moving forward to scale-up the technology

ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

Oxy-Combustion Process

Vattenfall Schwarze Pumpe Pilot Plant

UPDATE

Chemical Looping Process Next Generation Capture Technology

Principle Solid oxygen carrier circulates between Air Reactor and Fuel Reactor: Carrier picks up O2 in Air Reactor, leaves N2 behind and burns the fuel in the Fuel Reactor Oxygen Carriers can be metal oxide or limestone-based. Alstom is developing both types Advantages Avoids large costs and parasitic power of ASU Captures CO2 at temperatures higher than power cycle temperatures, eliminating thermodynamic penalty associated with CO2 capture Uses conventional material of construction and fabrication techniques Largely based on proven CFB technology

Objective Investigation and Demonstration of the complete technology path for CO2 separation in pilot scale as basis for realisation of a demonstration plant Alstom-Scope Technology Partnership with Vattenfall to advance the Oxyfuel-Technology Status of Operations Start of operation in September 2008 Total operation hours 6,400 hours (2,500h air, 4,000h oxyfuel) Captured CO2 ~3,200 tons Test phases with Alstom Burners (Design A+B) and lignite finished Next Steps Re-install burners Tests with pre-dried lignite Dec 2010-Apr 2011

A Promising Breakthrough Technology

ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited. ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

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Agenda

What is CCS Readiness?

Continuous Evolution in Cleaner Fossil Power CO2 capture technology CCS-Ready Conclusion and Discussion

ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

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Agenda

Conclusions
A portfolio approach is needed: Renewables, Nuclear, Efficiency and CCS. Retrofitable CCS technologies are a must to have: Post and Oxycombustion Alstom is currently developing CO2 capture technologies and is on the good path to go commercial by 2015. A dedicated business unit has been created to support this effort. CCS-Ready: Alstom has both expertise and partnership to support on the entire CCS chain Clear a stable business framework and regulations are needed for CCS to play its role along all other forms of decarbonised energy sources. Alstom will be a key partner on the CCS value chain

Continuous Evolution in Cleaner Fossil Power CO2 capture technology CCS-Ready Conclusion and Discussion

ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

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 ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

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