KATHMANDU UNIVERSITY

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS

AND ELECTRICAL

ENGINEERING

SIGNALS AND SYSTEM

LAB REPORT 1

Submitted by:
Submitted to:
Write MATLAB code to generate and plot the given signal. Scale your time axis so that a sufficient
amount
of the signal is being plotted. Use subplot if required,Ms.
labelSmriti
your plots
witht on the x-axis for the
Bishesh
Acharya
Nakarmi
continuous time signals and nfor discrete time signals. The y-axis should be labeled x (t) or x[n]: the
Roll no. 31001
Department
title should also be included with problem
number.of Electrical and
Electronics Engineering
1. Generate unit step signal.
Group : EE(communication)

t=-10:0.2:10;
u=(t>=0);
plot(t,u);
grid;
xlabel('t');
ylabel('x(t)');
title('unit step signal');

2. Generate and plot unit sample sequence in both continuous time and discrete time.
-

t=-10:0.1:10;
a=(t>=0);
subplot(2,1,1);
plot(t,a);

grid;
xlabel('t');
ylabel('u(t)');
title('unit step continuous time signal');
n=-10:0.5:10;
b=(n>=0);
subplot(2,1,2);
stem(n,b);
grid;
xlabel('n');
ylabel('u(n)');
title('unit step discrete time signal');

u n it s t e p c o n t i n u o u s t im e s ig n a l
1

0 .8

u(t)

0 .6

0 .4

0 .2

0
-1 0

-8

-6

-4

-2

0
t

10

10

u n it s t e p d is c re te t im e s ig n a l
1

0 .8

u(n)

0 .6

0 .4

0 .2

0
-1 0

-8

-6

-4

-2

0
n

3. Generate a real exponential sequence and complex exponential signal.

a. x[n]=2e(-1/12+i/6)n

n=0:40;
c=2;
x=c*exp((-1/12)+(pi/6)*i).*n;
stem(n,x);
xlabel('n');
ylabel('x(n)');
title('complex exponential signal');

complex exponential signal

70

60

50

x(n)

40

30

20

10

0
0

10

b. x[n]=.5(1.5n)

n=0:30;
c=0.5
x=c*(1.5).^n;
plot(n,x);
grid;
xlabel('n');
ylabel('x(n)');
title('real exponential system');

15

20
n

25

30

35

40

10

real exponential system

x 10

9
8
7

x(n)

6
5
4
3
2
1
0

10

c. x(t)=ei(t+1)
-

t=0:9;
c=1;
x=c*exp(i*(pi*t+1));
plot(t,real(x));
hold on
plot(t,imag(x),'r');
xlabel('t');
ylabel('x(t)');
title('complex exponential signal');

15
n

20

25

30

co
m
p
le
xe
x
p
o
n
e
n
tia
ls
ig
n
a
l
1

0
.8

0
.6

0
.4

x(t)

0
.2

-0
.2

-0
.4

-0
.6

-0
.8

-1

4. Generate a sinusoidal signal

a. x[n]=2cos(n/4)+sin(n/8)-2cos(n/2+/6)

n=0:0.001:30;
x=2*cos((pi*n)/6)+sin((pi*n)/8)-2*cos((pi*n)/2+(pi*n)/6);
plot(n,x);
xlabel('n');
ylabel('x(n)');
title('sinusoidal signal');

sinusoidal signal
4
3
2
1

x(n)

0
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5

5. Plot
a. y[n]=1/3(x[n-1]+x[n]+x[n+1])

n=-40:0.01:40;
x=cos((pi/3)*n);
subplot(4,1,1);
plot(n,x);
x1=cos((pi/3)*(n-1));
subplot(4,1,2);
plot(n,x1);
x2=cos((pi/3)*(n+1));
subplot(4,1,3);
plot(n,x2);
y=(1/3)*(x+x1+x2);
subplot(4,1,4);
plot(n,y);
xlabel('n');
ylabel('y(n)');

10

15
n

20

25

30

1
0
-1
-40
1

-30

-20

-10

10

20

30

40

-30

-20

-10

10

20

30

40

-30

-20

-10

10

20

30

40

-30

-20

-10

0
n

10

20

30

40

0
-1
-40
1
0

y(n)

-1
-40
1
0
-1
-40

b. y[n]=(1/2)nu[n-3]

n=-10:0.01:10;
u=((n-3)>=0);
y=((1/2).^n).*u;
plot(n,y);
xlabel('n');
ylabel('y(n)');

0.14

0.12

0.1

y(n)

0.08

0.06

0.04

0.02

0
-10

-8

-6

-4

-2

0
n

10

c. y[n]=e(i4n)/7-e(i2n/5)

n=-10:0.5:10;
y=exp(((i*4*pi)).*n)/7-exp(((i*pi*2).*n)/5);
plot(n,real(y));
hold on
plot(n,imag(y),'r');
xlabel('n');
ylabel('y(n)');
1.5

0.5
y(n)

-0.5

-1
-10

-8

-6

-4

-2

0
n

10

6. Use Matlab to plot the following signals

a. x(t)= 4cos(5t-/4)

t=-1:0.001:1;
x=4*cos((5*pi).*t-(pi/4));
plot(t,x);
xlabel('t');
ylabel('x(t)');
4
3
2

x(t)

1
0
-1
-2
-3
-4
-1

b. x[n]=4cos(n)
n=-5:0.001:5;
x=4*cos(pi.*n);
plot(n,x);
xlabel('n');
ylabel('x(n)');

-0.8

-0.6

-0.4

-0.2

0
t

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

4
3
2

x(n)

1
0
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5

-4

-3

-2

-1

0
n

c. x[n]= 2sin(3n)

n=-4:0.001:4;
x=2*sin(3.*n);
plot(n,x);
xlabel('n');
ylabel('x(n)');
2
1.5
1
0.5
x(n)

0
-0.5
-1
-1.5
-2
-4

-3

-2

-1

0
n

d. x(t)=cos(4t)+2sin(8t)

t=-1:0.001:1;
x=cos(4.*t)+2*sin(8.*t);
plot(t,x);
xlabel('t');
ylabel('x(t)');

x(t)

-1

-2

-3
-1

-0.8

e. x(t)=3cos(4t)+sin(t)

t=-2:0.001:2;
x=3*cos(4.*t)+sin(pi.*t);
plot(t,x);
xlabel('t');
ylabel('x(t)');

-0.6

-0.4

-0.2

0
t

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

4
3
2

x(t)

1
0
-1
-2
-3
-4
-2

-1.5

-1

-0.5

0
t

0.5

1.5