406

Pressure Vessel Design Manual

PROCEDURE 7-5

DESIGN OF TAIL BEAMS, LUGS, AND BASE RING DETAILS

Design of Base Plate, Skirt, and Tail Beam
Base Ring-Stiffening Configuration

t'

t T

t'

t'

~T

Parallel

1 Point

2 Point

3 Point

4 Point

Loadings in Skirt and Base

'IT

Base Pad eye

Tall Beam Connection Details

k%-d
1
L

Filler plate, optional

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407

Skirt Crippling Criteria with Tailing Beam

Base Type 1: Base Ring Only Base Type 2: Gussets Only

t
\
\ \

I
\

*Shearflow
m
I

, /

w+
Ah
fc

I I b A I I I I I I I I

,\/,

I, = N + 21, 1, = Ifit&

Base Type 3: w/Anchor Chairs

Base Type 4: w/Continuous Top Ring

I
fc

Note: N = 1 in. if a web stiffener is not used

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409

Skirt/Tail Beam Calculations

Tail Beam
0

Skirt
0

Tension stress in bolts, oT,

Tailing load.s, 5,arid f r .

f~~ = T COS 0

Compressiveforce in skirt, f c .
f, = f1,

f , = TsinB
0

ft

Skirt crippling is dependent on the base configuration and lengths lI through 14.

Mariiritini bending stress, a ) ].

N = 1 in. if web stiffeners are not used N =width of top flange of tail beam if web stiffeners are used
0

Compressive stress in .skirt, ac.

Tail Beam Bolts

e S h e w load, A.

Check shear stress, s in base to skirt weld ,

t=
fr

nDsk . 0.707~4

Base Plate
0

Shew struss, s
0

Bending moment in base plate, MI,.

Find tangential force, Tt.

Tt = KTT

Note: yl = mean skirt diameter or centerline of bolt group if

a filler plate is used.
0

Total combined stress, a.

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Pressure Vessel Design Manual

Size Base Ring Stiffeners

F1 = force in strut or tailing beam, Ib F1 is (+) for tension and (-) for compression
0

Three Point

Tension stress,

OT.

Critical buckling stress per AISC, ocr.

cc= F,.

F1 = (+)0.453T Fz = (-)0.329T Parallel Beams/Struts

Actual compressive stress,

D ~ .

Note: Evaluate all struts as tension and compression members regardless of sign, because when the vessel is sitting on the ground, the loads are the reverse of the signs shown. Two Point
T A

F1 = (+)0.25T
Four Point

F1 = (+)0.5T

F 1

= (+)0.5T

Fz = (-)0.273T F3 = (+)0.273T

Transportation and Erection of Pressure Vessels Table 7-6

Internal Moment Coefficients for Base Ring
One Point Angle a
0

41 1

Two Point
KT K,
0.0795
KT
Kr

Three Point
KT
0.1651

Four Point

K,
0.2387

K r
0.0093

KT
-0.1156

-0.2387

-0.2387

-0.0229

5
10 15

0.1961 0.1555 0.1174 0.0819 0.0493 0.0197 -0.0067 -0.0299 -0.0497 -0.0663 -0.0796

-0.2802 -0.3171 -0.3492 -0.3763 -0.3983 -0.4151 -0.4266 -0.4328

-0.4340

0.0587 0.0398 0.0229 0.0043 -0.0042 -0.0145 -0.0225 -0.0284 -0.0321 -0.0335 -0.0340

-0.2584 -0.2736 -0.2845 -0.2908 -0.2926 -0.2900 -0.2831 -0.2721 -0.2571 -0.2385 -0.2165

-0.0148 -0.0067 -0.0055 -0.0042 0.0028 0.0098 0.0103 0.0107 0.0093 0.0078 0.0052

0.1708 0.1764 0.1747 0.1729 0.1640 0.1551 0.1397 0.1242 0.1032 0.0821 0.0567

0.0048 0.0012 -0.001 5 -0.0033 -0.0043

-0.0045

-0.1188 -0.1188 -0.1 155 -0.1089 -0.0993 -0.0867 -0.071 3 -0.0534 -0.0333 -0.01 12 0.0126

20
25 30 35 40 45 50 55 160

-0.0041 -0.0031 -0.0017 -0.0001 0.0017

-0.4301 -0.4214

r65
80 85

-0.0897 -0.0967 -0.1008 -0.1020 -0.1006 -0.0968 -0.0908 -0.0830 -0.0735 -0.0627 -0.0508 -0.0381 -0.0250 -0.0016 0.01 16

-0.4080 -0.3904 -0.3688 -0.3435 -0.3150 -0.2837 -0.2500 -0.2144 -0.1774 -0.1 394 -0.1 01 1 -0.0627
-0.0250

-0.0324 -0.0293 -0.0250 -0.0197 -0.01 36 -0.0069 0 0.0069 0.0135 0.0198 0.0250 0.0293 0.0324 0.0340 0.0335

-0.1915 -0.1638 -0.1338 -0.1020 -0.0688 -0.0346 0 0.0416 0.0688 0.1020 0.1338 0.1638 0.1915 0.2165 0.2385

0.0025 0.0031 0.0037 -0.0028 -0.0092 -0.0107 -0.0121 -0.01 14 -0.0107 -0.0074 -0.0033 0.0041 0.0114 0.0107 0.0100

0.0313 0.0031 -0.0252 -0.0548 -0.0843 -0.1134 -0.1425 -0.1694 -0.1963 -0.2194 -0.2425 -0.2603 -0.2781 -0.1060 0.0661

0.0033 0.0046 0.0055 0.0056 0.0049 0.0031 0 -0.0031 -0.0049 -0.0057 -0.0055 -0.0046 -0.0033 -0.0017 0.0001

0.0376 0.0636 0.0901 0.1167 0.1431 0.1688 0.1935 -0.1688 -0.1431 -0.1 167 -0.0901 -0.0636 -0.0376 -0.0126 0.01 12

90
95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130

0.01 18 0.0471

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Pressure Vessel Design Manual

Values of Moment Coefficient, K,, for Base Ring With Two Parallel Tail Beams or Internal Struts

10

20

30

Angle p 40 50

60

70

80

90

M =0.5KrTR

Tail beams or internal struts

Notes:
1. Based on R. J. Roark, Formulasfor Stress and Strain, 3rd Edition, Case 25. 2. The curve shows moment coefficients at points C and D. The moment coefficients at point A and B are equal
and opposite.

4. The signs of coefficients are for hanging loads. For

point support loads underneath the vessel, the signs of the coefficients should be reversed.

3. Positive moments put the inside of the vessel in circumferential tension.

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413

Design of Vessel for Choker (Cinch) Lift at Base

0

Unij&n load, p .

From R. J. Roark, Formulas f o r Stress and Strain, 5th Edition, McGraw-Hill Book Co., Table 17, Cases 12 and 18 combined.

I' = E
0

Moments in ring at point,s A and C .

M i = -0.1271TR

M,. = -0.0723TR
e

Tension/compre.ssion forces in ring at points A and C .

8=30'

T, = -1.2232T
0

Combined stress at point A, inside .f ring.

Conihined stress at point A, outside of ring.

Combined strew at point C , inside .f ring.

rJ, = A

T,

+z

M,.

Chnibined stress at point C , outside of ring.

Note: Assume that the choker is attached immec-ately at the base ring even though this may be impossible to achieve. Then use the properties of the base ring for A and Z.

\ Point 'C'

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Pressure Vessel Design Manual

Design of Tailing Lugs

Base ring skirt stiffener

-7

Optional ring inside

1
Table 7-7
Dimensions for Tailing Lugs

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415

Formulas
The tailing lug is designed like all other lugs. The forces are determined from the tailing load, T, calculated per this procedure. The ideal position for the tailing lug is to be as close as possible to the base plate for stiffness and transmitting these loads through the base to the skirt. The option of using a tailing lug versus a tailing beam is the designer's choice. Either can accommodate internal skirt rings, stiffeners, and struts . Design as follows:
~~

Section mc)~luli~s lug, Z. of

Bending stress in lug, q). MI, u, = t Z

Areti required at pin hole, A,.

A
I

Area required at pin hole fiw

hmring, A,.

- F,

-'0

Ar=F,
Area available at pin holr for hrtiring, A ,

Arm nvtiilnble tit pin hdr, A,.

Bending niotnrnt in lug, MI,.

Note: Substitute tL + 2tp for tL,in the preceding eqiiations if

pad eyes are used.