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,20 92186
http://www.jiis.org
http://www.jiis.org.il
E-mail: machon@jiis.org.il


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iii Abstract


' :1 19
' :2
(2000) Richardson et al. 25 .(2004) Pyek et al.
.
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)2004( Pyek et al. " ,
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or unintentional human involvement, or which have arrived there without
the help of people from an area in which they are alien".

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, (.)1999
(2004) Pyek et al. ,
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and destructive in some manner to the environment and its inhabitants".

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 .3

3.1
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)71%( 32 ' 'invasive )2000( Richardson et al.
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Casual

, ,
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Naturalized

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Invasive

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25

 3.2

210- ,
.
. sensu stricto
, ' 3
.
.
' :3
'

Pinus brutia

Invasive

Melia azedarach

Invasive

Ailanthus altissima

Invasive

Invasive

Casual

Eucalyptus
camaldulensis

Myriophyllum aquaticum

Ambrosia confertiflora

Naturalized

Aster subulatus

Invasive

[
]

Cyperus imbricatus

Casual

Cyperus odoratus

Naturalized

10

Datura stramonium

Invasive

11

Washingtonia robusta

Invasive

12

Verbesina encelioides

Invasive

26

Invasive

Pennisetum clandestinum

Invasive

Casual

Invasive

Invasive

Invasive

Invasive

Invasive

Invasive

Lantana camara

Naturalized

Tipuana tipu

Invasive

Invasive

Oenothera drummondii

Invasive

Solanum elaeagnifolium

Naturalized

Phytolacca americana

Invasive

Ficus benghalensis

Naturalized

Ficus benjamina

Invasive

Naturalized

27

'
-

13

Oxalis pes-caprae

14

Pistia stratiotes

15

Nicotiana glauca

16

17

18

Eichhornia crassipes

19

Xanthium strumarium

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

Ficus religiosa

29

Schinus molle

30

Invasive

Schinus terebinthifolius

31

Invasive

Schinus lentiscifolius

32

Heterotheca subaxillaris
Prosopis juliflora

Atriplex holocarpa

Invasive

Invasive

Invasive

Invasive

Invasive

'

33

34

35

Conyza canadensis

36

Ricinus communis

37

Naturalized

Robinia pseudoacacia

38

Naturalized

Acacia paradoxa

39

Invasive

Acacia saligna

40

Casual

Acacia sclerosperma
subsp. sclerosperma

41

Invasive

Acacia cyclops

42

Naturalized

Acacia farnesiana

43

Invasive

Acacia victoriae

44

Invasive

Acacia salicina

45

Parkinsonia aculeata
Carpobrotus edulis
Populus alba

28

 .4
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 .5

5.1

5.1.1


.
,

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. ( ' 2' ,)3
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( )Casual, Naturalized, Invasive
.
' 'naturalized ' 'invasive
( Minimum Residence Time) (Pyek
.)& Jarosk, 2005; Richardson & Pyek, 2006; Rejmanek et al., 2005 ,,
( )Lantana camara 30- ''naturalized
' 'invasive .)Soria et al., 2002( 70-
, , ( )Parkinsonia aculeata
)Sawer, 1922( 20- ,'invasive' ,
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. ' ' '
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47

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( )Randall et al., 2001 (.)Daehler et al., 2004

5.1.2


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55

 ' :8- .

. International-
) Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN
( .)Lowe et al., 2004 ,

, ( - .)2005 ,,
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.)Tye, 2001 , ,
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61

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(( )Heterotheca subaxillaris ' .)17

62

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 ' :17 .

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:

( = .)23 = 3 + 7 + 13
,7
.
: (( )Ailanthus altissima ' ,)18
(( )Carpobrotus edulis ' ,)19 (( )Verbesina encelioides
( )Inderjit et al., 1999; Shluker, 2002 ' )20 (Eichhornia
( )crassipes ' .)21
64

 ' :18
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,)2005( "-
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,)2007( "-
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. ,)2005( '
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