Diagram 4 shows an investigation carried out by a group of pupils to study the rates at which different materials gain heat.

Diagram 4 Three different types of rods are immersed in three beakers consisting same volume of water that is 300 cm3. The temperature of water in the three beakers is also the same.Table 2 shows the result of the investigation.

Beaker Temperature of water after 30 minutes (C) Table 2

P 43

Q 78

R 63

(a) Based on the investigation, state (i) what is changed (manipulated variable): ______________________________________________________ (ii) what is observed (responding variable):

______________________________________________________ (b) Why do you think that the temperature of water in the three beakers P, Q and R are different after 20 minutes? _________________________________________________________ (c) Which of the rod is most suitable to make the handle of a cooking pot? _________________________________________________________