10b HW111 L01 Comm Process

1/26/2011
Lecture1
TheCommunicationProcess, PerceptionsinCommunication,Self Concept
HW111/A/C Mastering Communication
Requests
HW111/A/C 3 Lecture1:CommunicationProcessPerceptionsSelfConcept
http://outinc.ca/blog/wpcontent/uploads/2008/12/no_talking.gif
http://www.pa.uky.edu/~moshe/gifs/Clicker.jpg
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_vAl473slkq8/SZnHkEFMkvI/AAAAAAA AA_E/TwhZASdPR5Y/s400/no+mobile.jpg
1/26/2011
Comingup
TheCommunication Process Perceptionsin Communication SelfConcept
edveNTUre ~Lectures~ Tutorials~Assessment
Preliminaries
http://media.photobucket.com/image/preliminary/mattcrap/GoldenAge%20ART/Preliminary2.jpg
1/26/2011
edveNTUre:mainLecture site
o Announcements o Course Description& Information
o LectureMaterial o Recordedlectures o Assignment instructions
edveNTUre:Tutorial sites
o Tutorial announcements o Sometutorial material
o Elessons,quizzes o Uploadingof written assignments
1/26/2011
Lectures
Faceto face
LT1,LKCLT, LT2A
eLectures
edveNTUre Lecture site 2CAO lectures
eLessons
edveNTUre tutorial site 3lessons withquizzes
7lectures
Tutorials
o StartinWeek2, 31Janonwards
Tutorial1:Etutorial
Lookforinstructionsfromyourtutorsin yourtutorialsites
o Venues:CommunicationSkillsLabs
6,7: SS20108/07 8,9: SS40142,41 13,14: HSS0238,40
1/26/2011
Tutorialmaterial
o Mastering Communication Workbook(Pearson)

Bove &Thill
o Materialpostedin individualedveNTUre tutorialsitesbytutors
Assessment(100%CA)
CaseStudy
Rsum
Presentation
Class Participation +Quizzes
Pairs Duein Week7 Worth 30%
Individual Duein Week9 Worth 20%
Groupsof 45 Weeks11 &12* Worth 30%
Individual Allweeks Worth15 +5%
*Fridaygroups:Weeks10&11
1/26/2011
OtherCommentsonAssessment
o Penalties forlatesubmissionsof Assignments1&2

seeAssignmentInstructions:20% drop/day
Classparticipation
o Attendance,punctuality o Valuablecontributionstoclassdiscussions o Completionofetutorial o Completionofonlinequizzesforelectures o Submissionofreflections attheendofthecourse
1/26/2011
Communication
HW111/A/C 14
Lecture1:CommunicationProcess
PerceptionsSelfConcept
simultaneoussharing andcreating of meaning throughhumansymbolic interaction(Seiler&Beall,2008,p.3)
Definition WhystudyCommunication?Misconceptions
Communication Process Perception SelfConcept
Lecture 1: Communication Process
Perceptions
Self-Concept
15
1/26/2011
CommunicationProcess
HW111/A/C 17 Lecture1:COMMUNICATIONPROCESS PerceptionsSelfConcept
1.Senderhas idea
6.Audience decodes message toextractidea
7.Audience responds to message

Bove &Thill,2008,pp.112
2.Sender encodesideaas message
5.Audience receives message
8.Audience provides feedback
3.Sender produces messagein medium
4.Sender transmits messagethrough channel
Reality?
Essentialcomponentsofcommunication
HW111/A/C 18 Lecture1:COMMUNICATION PROCESS PerceptionsSelfConcept
1/26/2011
EssentialComponentsofCommunication1
SOURCE/SENDER
o Determines meaning forcommunication o Encodes meaning intomessage o Sends message o Perceives &reacts to receiversresponses
MESSAGE o Stimulus producedbythesource

words,images,grammar, organisation,physicalappearance, bodymovement,voice,personalstyle, etc.
Seiler&Beall,2008,pp.1520
o Couldbeintended orunintended
1/26/2011
Message:AudienceCentredApproach
biases,age,education,status,style, professional&personalconcerns
o Relatingtotheirneeds & expectations

media,channels,design,vocabulary, images
Message:Ethics
Ethical Communication accuracy adequacy relevance trustworthiness
Unethical Communication plagiarism misrepresentation distortion omission

Bove &Thill,2008,pp.245
Bove &Thill,2008,pp.13,15
AdoptingYouAttitude o Requiresemotionalintelligence o Learningabouttheaudience
10
1/26/2011
EssentialComponentsofCommunication3a
RECEIVER Individualwhodecodes themessage o Receives message o Interprets & analyses message o Stores &recalls message o Responds
EssentialComponentsofCommunication3b
RECEIVER o Simultaneouslya source:reacting to themessage throughfacial expressions,body movements,etc. o Intended vs. Unintended Receivers
11
1/26/2011
Factors affectingResponses
o Memory&Retrieval
Bove &Thill,2008,pp.145 Seiler&Beall,2008,pp.1520
sensory,shortterm,longterm memory
o AbilitytoRespondasDesired o Motivation toRespond
FEEDBACK o Response tothemessagethatthe receiversendstothesource o Actsasacontrolmechanism, correctivedevice:enablessourceto assessefficacyofcommunication,and addressproblems
12
1/26/2011
Givingfeedback
Constructive Feedback
Destructive Feedback
Focuson Process Focuson Outcome
Focuson Person Focuson Problems
Constructivefeedback
Consider feedbackcarefully Discuss improvementsratherthanflaws Focusonaspects withincontrol Be specific Be objective,impersonal Verifyunderstanding offeedback Ensurethereisenoughtime torespond tofeedback o Highlight limitationsoffeedback o o o o o o o
Bove &Thill,2008,p.17
Bove &Thill,2008,p.17
13
1/26/2011
CHANNEL
Seiler&Beall,2008,pp.1520 Seiler&Beall,2008,pp.1520
o Routebywhichmessagesflow o Facetoface,letter,email,telephone, etc.
EssentialComponentsofCommunication 6
CONTEXT
o Situationinwhichcommunication occurs
Levelofformality,relationships, numberofpeople,typeof communication,whathappened before
14
1/26/2011
ENVIRONMENT
Seiler&Beall,2008,pp.1520 Seiler&Beall,2008,pp.1520;Bove &Thill,2008,pp.12-5
o Psychological&physicalsurroundings inwhichcommunicationoccurs
Attitudes,feelings,perceptions, relationshipsofparticipants Locationcharacteristics:size, arrangement,temperature,noise,privacy
EssentialComponentsofCommunication8a
INTERFERENCE/NOISE
o Anythingthatchangesthemeaning oftheintendedmessage reduces/distortsclarity,accuracy, meaning,understanding,retention
15
1/26/2011
EssentialComponentsofCommunication8b
Seiler&Beall,2008,pp.1520;Bove &Thill,2008,pp.12-5 44
INTERFERENCE/NOISE o External/physical:noise,unpleasant environment,sourcecharacteristics, distractions,technologicalfilters o Internal/psychological:thoughts, perceptions,culture,beliefs,biases, languagedifferences,thinkingstyles (objectivity,logicvs.intuition,emotion), othertasks,informationoverload
Communication Process Perception SelfConcept
Lecture 1: Communication Process
Perceptions
Self-Concept
16
1/26/2011
WhatisPerception?
HW111/A/C 45 Lecture1:CommunicationProcess
PERCEPTIONS
SelfConcept
Perceptioninvolves selecting,organizing and interpreting information inordertogivepersonal meaning tothecommunicationwe receive.

Seiler&Beall,2008,p.30
ThePerceptionProcess
PERCEPTIONS
SelfConcept
Stimulus Selection (Stimulation)

Exposure Attention Retention
Seiler&Beall,2008,pp.349;DeVito,2008,pp.448
Recall Memory Interpretation

Past Experience New Situations Others Opinions
Organisation
Closure Proximity Similarity, Contrast Schemata, Scripts
17
1/26/2011
PerceptualSet
PERCEPTIONS
SelfConcept
o Fixed,previouslydetermined viewsofevents,objects,people o Ignoringnew,different information o Selectiveattention&retention
PerceptualSet:Stereotyping
PERCEPTIONS
SelfConcept
o Categorisingwithoutregarding uniquecharacteristics&qualities
18
1/26/2011
AttributionError
PERCEPTIONS
SelfConcept
Wronglyaccountingforpeoples actionsorbehaviour o Disposition:personaltraits (blamingothers?) o Situation:externalfactors, environment(excusingoneself?)
PhysicalCharacteristics
PERCEPTIONS
SelfConcept
o Selfvs.others
o Height,weight, bodyshape, disability,looks, attire, accessories,etc.
19
1/26/2011
PsychologicalState
PERCEPTIONS
SelfConcept
Stateofmind: o peace, happiness, sadness, stress, anger, frustration, etc.
CulturalBackground
PERCEPTIONS
SelfConcept
Similaritiesinlanguage,thinking, socialrules,perceptions, communicativestyle,attitudes, religion,laws
20
1/26/2011
CulturalBackground
PERCEPTIONS
SelfConcept
o Culturalrelativism:beingreceptiveto andtryingtounderstandothercultures withoutjudgingthem
Gender
PERCEPTIONS
SelfConcept
o socially constructed o affecting communication, understanding, perception o Talkinglonger, takingmoreturns, controllingtopics, interrupting,lower pitch?
o Ethnocentrism:consideringtheideas, customs&beliefsofothercultures inferior
21
1/26/2011
TranslatingMensTalk
PERCEPTIONS
SelfConcept
MensTalk o Itwouldtaketoo longtoexplain. o Takeabreak, honey.Youre workingtoohard. o Thatsinteresting dear.
Translations o Ihavenoideahow itworks. o IcantheartheTV overthevacuum cleaner. o Areyoustill talking?
Media,Internet
PERCEPTIONS
SelfConcept
o Media
advertisers,politicians,governments, newsnetworks,entertainmentmedia
o Internet
Emails,websites Accurateandinaccurateinformation, dependingonthesource
22
1/26/2011
PerceptualDifferences
PERCEPTIONS
SelfConcept
Perceptual Set Attribution Error Physical Characteristics Psychological State Cultural Background Gender Media, Internet
ImprovingPerceptionCompetencies1
PERCEPTIONS
SelfConcept
o Becominganactiveperceiver
Seekingoutmoreinformation
o Recognisinguniqueness ofeach personsframeofreference

Relativityofperception
23
1/26/2011
PERCEPTIONS
SelfConcept
o Becomingawareofhow perceptionsaffect communication o Distinguishingfacts from inferences,assumptions
PERCEPTIONS
SelfConcept
o Keepinganopenmind o Checkingperceptionstoavoid jumpingtothewrongconclusions

Seiler&Beall,2008
Seiler&Beall,2008
24
1/26/2011
CommunicationProcess Perception SelfConcept

Lecture 1: Communication Process Perceptions Self-Concept 68
Howwouldyourespond?
HW111/A/C 69 Lecture1:CommunicationProcess PerceptionsSELFCONCEPT
Tellmeaboutyourself. o What wouldyouchoose tosay? o Howdoyouknowwhat youknowabout yourself? o Howdoeswhatyou knowaboutyourself affectthewayyou communicate?
http://www.kithkin.co.uk/presents/wpcontent/uploads/2007/09/flect_magic_mirror.jpg
25
1/26/2011
SelfConcept&Communication
DeVito,2008
SelfConcept&Communication
Themessageswecommunicate, intentionallyorunintentionally,relate directlytohowwefeelaboutandview ourselves.Who andwhatweperceive ourselvestobe influencehowwe presentourselvestoothers.

Seiler&Beall,2008
DeVito,2008,p.32
Whoyouareandhowyousee yourselfinfluencenotonlytheway youcommunicatebutalsohowyou respondtothecommunicationof others.
26
1/26/2011
SelfConcept&CommunicationKinch,1963
Perceptionof OthersResponses
Seiler&Beall,2008,pp.634 DeVito,2008,p.34
ActualResponses ofOthers
SelfConcept
Behaviour
SelfAwareness:Johari Window
JosephLuft &HarryIngham
PerceptionsSELFCONCEPT
KnowntoSelf
NotknowntoSelf
Knownto Others
OpenSelf
Dependenton personality& persononeis relatingto
BlindSelf
Largeblindself indicateslow selfawareness
Notknown toOthers
HiddenSelf
Secretelements Dependenton persononeis relatingto
UnknownSelf
Subconscious self
27
1/26/2011
SelfFulfillingProphecy
o Expectationscreating conditions thatleadtopredictableoutcomes

Seiler&Beall,2008,pp.667 Seiler&Beall,2008,pp.6870
High selfesteem:successesdueto pastsuccesses,leadingtofuture successes Low selfesteem:successesdueto luck,futuresuccessesdependenton goodfortune
Culture&SelfConcept
Individualisticvs.CollectivisticOrientation tendencytostresspersonalgoals& achievements vs.thegroups Internalvs.ExternalAttributes Abstractqualitiesvs.physicalattributes SelfAffirmingvs.SelfCritical Positivevs.negativeselfdescriptions
28
1/26/2011
Gender&SelfConcept
Sex&Gender
Biologicalvs.social
GenderStereotypes
Communicationpatterns,topics Femalestereotypesmorelikelytobenegative
GenderExpectations
Culturalroots Valuedqualities,behaviour
SourcesofSelfConcept
YourSelfInterpretations &SelfEvaluations
HowdoIevaluatemyown feelings&behaviours?
OthersPerceptions
Howdosignificant othersseeme?
DeVito,2008,pp.323
Self Concept
SocialComparisons
HowdoIcompareto mypeers? CulturalValues
HowdoImeasureagainstthe valuesofmyculture? Success,ethics,genderroles,etc.
29
1/26/2011
ImpressionManagement
PerceivedSelfvs.PresentingSelf Selfenhancementvs.Other enhancement:boostingselfimagevs. makingothersfeelgoodinour presence
Summary
EssentialComponents Source/Sender Message Receiver Feedback Channel Context Environment Interference
PerceptionProcess Stimulus Selection Organisation Interpretation Memory Recall
o Creatingapositiveimpressionof oneself inordertoinfluencethe perceptionsofothers
30
1/26/2011
Summary
Perceptual Differences Perceptualsets AttributionErrors Physical characteristics Psychologicalstate Culture,Gender Media,Internet
Self Concept Selfinterpretations, evaluations Significantothers perceptions Socialcomparisons withpeers Culture
References
HW111/A/C
92
Lecture1:CommunicationProcessPerceptionsSelfConcept
Bove,C.L.,&Thill,J.V.2008.Business communicationtoday (9th ed.).Upper SaddleRiver,USA:PearsonPrenticeHall. DeVito,J.A.2008.EssentialsofHuman Communication (6th ed.).Boston: Pearson,Education. Seiler,W.J.,&Beall,M.L.2008. Communication:Makingconnections (7th ed.).Boston:PearsonEducation.
31

10b HW111 L01 Comm Process

Hochgeladen von

Dokumentinformationen

Originalbeschreibung:

Originaltitel

Copyright

Verfügbare Formate

Dieses Dokument teilen

Dokument teilen oder einbetten

Freigabeoptionen

Stufen Sie dieses Dokument als nützlich ein?

Sind diese Inhalte unangemessen?

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

10b HW111 L01 Comm Process

Hochgeladen von

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

1/26/2011

TheCommunicationProcess, PerceptionsinCommunication,Self Concept

HW111/A/C Mastering Communication

TheCommunication Process Perceptionsin Communication SelfConcept

edveNTUre ~Lectures~ Tutorials~Assessment

o Announcements o Course Description& Information

o LectureMaterial o Recordedlectures o Assignment instructions

o Tutorial announcements o Sometutorial material

o Elessons,quizzes o Uploadingof written assignments

o Mastering Communication Workbook(Pearson)

o Materialpostedin individualedveNTUre tutorialsitesbytutors

Class Participation +Quizzes

Pairs Duein Week7 Worth 30%

Individual Duein Week9 Worth 20%

Groupsof 45 Weeks11 &12* Worth 30%

Individual Allweeks Worth15 +5%

o Penalties forlatesubmissionsof Assignments1&2

o Attendance,punctuality o Valuablecontributionstoclassdiscussions o Completionofetutorial o Completionofonlinequizzesforelectures o Submissionofreflections attheendofthecourse

simultaneoussharing andcreating of meaning throughhumansymbolic interaction(Seiler&Beall,2008,p.3)

Communication Process Perception SelfConcept

Lecture 1: Communication Process

6.Audience decodes message toextractidea

7.Audience responds to message

2.Sender encodesideaas message

5.Audience receives message

8.Audience provides feedback

3.Sender produces messagein medium

4.Sender transmits messagethrough channel

MESSAGE o Stimulus producedbythesource

o Relatingtotheirneeds & expectations

Ethical Communication accuracy adequacy relevance trustworthiness

Unethical Communication plagiarism misrepresentation distortion omission

AdoptingYouAttitude o Requiresemotionalintelligence o Learningabouttheaudience

o AbilitytoRespondasDesired o Motivation toRespond

FEEDBACK o Response tothemessagethatthe receiversendstothesource o Actsasacontrolmechanism, correctivedevice:enablessourceto assessefficacyofcommunication,and addressproblems

Focuson Process Focuson Outcome

Focuson Person Focuson Problems

o Routebywhichmessagesflow o Facetoface,letter,email,telephone, etc.

Communication Process Perception SelfConcept

Lecture 1: Communication Process

Perceptioninvolves selecting,organizing and interpreting information inordertogivepersonal meaning tothecommunicationwe receive.

Stimulus Selection (Stimulation)

Recall Memory Interpretation

o Fixed,previouslydetermined viewsofevents,objects,people o Ignoringnew,different information o Selectiveattention&retention

Wronglyaccountingforpeoples actionsorbehaviour o Disposition:personaltraits (blamingothers?) o Situation:externalfactors, environment(excusingoneself?)

o Height,weight, bodyshape, disability,looks, attire, accessories,etc.

Stateofmind: o peace, happiness, sadness, stress, anger, frustration, etc.

Similaritiesinlanguage,thinking, socialrules,perceptions, communicativestyle,attitudes, religion,laws

o Culturalrelativism:beingreceptiveto andtryingtounderstandothercultures withoutjudgingthem

o Ethnocentrism:consideringtheideas, customs&beliefsofothercultures inferior

MensTalk o Itwouldtaketoo longtoexplain. o Takeabreak, honey.Youre workingtoohard. o Thatsinteresting dear.

Translations o Ihavenoideahow itworks. o IcantheartheTV overthevacuum cleaner. o Areyoustill talking?

o Recognisinguniqueness ofeach personsframeofreference

o Becomingawareofhow perceptionsaffect communication o Distinguishingfacts from inferences,assumptions

o Keepinganopenmind o Checkingperceptionstoavoid jumpingtothewrongconclusions

CommunicationProcess Perception SelfConcept

Themessageswecommunicate, intentionallyorunintentionally,relate directlytohowwefeelaboutandview ourselves.Who andwhatweperceive ourselvestobe influencehowwe presentourselvestoothers.

Whoyouareandhowyousee yourselfinfluencenotonlytheway youcommunicatebutalsohowyou respondtothecommunicationof others.

o Expectationscreating conditions thatleadtopredictableoutcomes

High selfesteem:successesdueto pastsuccesses,leadingtofuture successes Low selfesteem:successesdueto luck,futuresuccessesdependenton goodfortune

Individualisticvs.CollectivisticOrientation tendencytostresspersonalgoals& achievements vs.thegroups Internalvs.ExternalAttributes Abstractqualitiesvs.physicalattributes SelfAffirmingvs.SelfCritical Positivevs.negativeselfdescriptions

PerceivedSelfvs.PresentingSelf Selfenhancementvs.Other enhancement:boostingselfimagevs. makingothersfeelgoodinour presence