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Introduction
Darjeeling a district of West Bengal, India. Since about 1835, tea has been cultivated, grown and produced in the State. The tea produced in this region has a distinctive quality and flavor. It has long been known to the trade and the public in India and abroad as Darjeeling Tea. It has acquired domestic and international reputation.
Present Scenario
86 running gardens producing Darjeeling Tea on a total area of 19,000 hectares. Total production - 10 to 11 million kilograms annually. 52 thousand people working on a permanent basis 15,000 persons are engaged during the plucking season which lasts from March to November. Work force consists of 60 percent women.
Manufacturing
Withering Rolling
Plucking
Fermentation
Drying
Plucking
The smallest shoots, comprising of two leaves and a bud are plucked. It requires 22,000 such shoots, all plucked by hand - to produce 1 Kg. of Tea. In attaining this high plucking standard, the hilly terrain, makes the task even more difficult. The special Darjeeling flavors is generated from the very fine plucking standard.
Withering
During this process, the green leaves are evenly spread on troughs, through which hot & cold air are blown in a regulated manner. The object is to remove moisture in the leaf slowly over a period of 14 - 16 hours.
Rolling
The withered leaves are loaded into rollers where they are twisted by a mechanical action. The process is carefully monitored so that the style of the leaf is maintained and overheating does not take place.
Fermentation
After Rolling, the leaf is spread in a cool & humid room in very thin layers. The process lasts between 2- 4 hours, depending on temperature, humidity and leaf quality. During the process the tea develops a unique flavour and aroma. The Tea Makers sensory judgment is critical to quality of the liquor.
Drying
The fermented leaf is taken to a dryer, where it is subjected to regulated varying temperature for a period of 20 - 30 min. The result is black tea whose moisture has been lost after natural fermentation is checked.
Legal Aspects
three above marks are widely known as Specialty Tea Logos or Certificate Trade Marks. The CTM Logos have been registered under Trademark Laws of various international jurisdictions.
Geographical Indication
A GI is a name, sign used on goods to indicate and certify that these originate from a specific geographical origin and possess certain characteristics, qualities, or reputation that are essentially attributable to the stated geographical origin. Darjeeling tea has a distinctive and naturally occurring quality and flavor which has won accolades all over the world. Tea Board is the owner of all intellectual property rights (IPR) in the Darjeeling word and logo, both in common law and under the provisions of the Trade Marks Act 1999, Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration & Protection) Act, 1999 and Copyright Act, 1957.
Bibliography
Websites referred: www.darjeelingtea.com jpn.cec.eu.int www.economictimes.indiatimes.com www.kyelateas.com www.agarmettea.com pib.nic.in
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