8/12/2009

BRESENHAM'S LINE ALGORITHM BRESENHAMS LINE DRAWING ALGORITHM

y = mx + b

Yi Xi Xi+1

Nihar Ranjan Roy

Nihar Ranjan Roy

BRESENHAM'S LINE ALGORITHM

WORKING PRINCIPAL
y = mx + b D =0

BRESENHAM'S LINE ALGORITHM BRESENHAM'S LINE ALGORITHM

D=d1-d2
Selection Any one pixel Lower pixel is chosen Upper Pixel Yi+1 Y Yi Xi Xi+1 d2 d1 y = mx + b

D=d1-d2
Yi

d2 d1

<0 >0

Decision Parameter

Xi

Xi+1

Nihar Ranjan Roy

Nihar Ranjan Roy

8/12/2009

BRESENHAM'S LINE ALGORITHM BRESENHAM'S LINE ALGORITHM

y = mx + b

BRESENHAM'S LINE ALGORITHM BRESENHAM'S LINE ALGORITHM

d1=y - yi d2=yi+1 - y
y = mx + b

Yi+1 y = m(x+1) + b Yi Xi Xi+1

d2 d1

y = m(x+1) + b

Yi+1 Yi Xi Xi+1

d2 d1

Nihar Ranjan Roy

Nihar Ranjan Roy

BRESENHAM'S LINE ALGORITHM BRESENHAM'S LINE ALGORITHM

d1=y - yi d2=yi+1 - y
y = m(x+1) + b Yi+1 Yi
d2 d1

BRESENHAM'S LINE ALGORITHM BRESENHAM'S LINE ALGORITHM

D= d1 d2 ((Yi+1- (m(Xi+1)+b))

y = mx + b

D= m(Xi+1)+b-Yi D=2m(Xi+1)-2Yi+2b-1

D=d1-d2
Xi Xi+1

Nihar Ranjan Roy

Nihar Ranjan Roy

8/12/2009

BRESENHAM'S LINE ALGORITHM BRESENHAM'S LINE ALGORITHM

D= d1 d2 (Yi+1-(m(Xi+1)+b))

BRESENHAM'S LINE ALGORITHM BRESENHAM'S LINE ALGORITHM

D=2m(Xi+1)-2Yi+2b-1 Pi=D. x=2 y(Xi)- 2Yi x+(2b-1) x+2 y Pi = 2 y(Xi) - 2Yi x + C

D= m(Xi+1)+b-Yi D=2m(Xi+1)-2Yi+2b-1
Floating point calculation

Nihar Ranjan Roy

Nihar Ranjan Roy

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BRESENHAM'S LINE ALGORITHM BRESENHAM'S LINE ALGORITHM

D=2m(Xi+1)-2Yi+2b-1 Pi=D. x=2 y(Xi)- 2Yi x+(2b-1) x+2 y Pi = 2 y(Xi) - 2Yi x + C Pi+1= ?

BRESENHAM'S LINE ALGORITHM BRESENHAM'S LINE ALGORITHM

Pi = 2 y(Xi) - 2Yi x + C Pi+1 = 2 y(Xi+1) - 2Yi+1 x + 1 Xi+1=Xi+1 Pi+1 Pi= 2 y(Xi+1-Xi) - 2 x(Yi+1 Yi) Pi+1 =Pi+ 2 y- 2 x(Yi+1 Yi) C

Nihar Ranjan Roy

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Nihar Ranjan Roy

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8/12/2009

BRESENHAM'S LINE ALGORITHM BRESENHAM'S LINE ALGORITHM

Pi+1 =Pi+ 2 y- 2 x(Yi+1 Yi) 2

BRESENHAM'S LINE ALGORITHM BRESENHAM'S LINE ALGORITHM

Pi+1 =Pi+ 2 y- 2 x(Yi+1 Yi)

Now if Pi <0 Lower pixel is chosen i.e. (xi+1,yi) xi+1=xi+1 & yi+1=yi substituting it in 2 we get
Pi+1 =Pi+ 2 3

Now if Pi >0 upper pixel is chosen i.e. (xi+1,yi +1) xi+1=xi+1 & yi+1=yi +1 substituting it in 2 we get
Pi+1 =Pi+ 2( yx) 4

Nihar Ranjan Roy

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Nihar Ranjan Roy

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BRESENHAM'S LINE ALGORITHM BRESENHAM'S LINE ALGORITHM

Pi+1 =Pi+ 2 y- 2 x(Yi+1 Yi) P0= ? from equation 1 Pi=2 y(Xi)- 2Yi x+(2b-1) x+2 y Put Xi=X0 and Yi=Y0 b=y-mx P0=2 y- x 5
4.
Nihar Ranjan Roy

ALGORITHM
1. 2. 3. Input the two end points and store left pt in (x0,y0) Calculate y, x, 2 y and 2( y- x) and calculate P0 P0=2 y- x At each Xi along the line, starting at i=0 perform the following test If (Pi<0) the next point plotted would be(Xi+1,Yi) Pi+1=Pi+2 y Otherwise the next point would be (Xi+1,Yi+1) and Pi+1=P + 2( y- x) Repeat step 3 x times
Nihar Ranjan Roy

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PROBLEM

SIMPLE ALGORITHM - EXAMPLE

x=6 y=5 m=5/6<1 2 y=10 2( y- x)=-2
(26,15)

Raster plot all the points that make the line with end points (20,10) and (26,15) using Bresenhams Line drawing algorithm

(20,10)
Nihar Ranjan Roy

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Nihar Ranjan Roy

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SIMPLE ALGORITHM - EXAMPLE

x=6
(xi,yi) (20,10) 21,11
(26,15)

SIMPLE ALGORITHM - EXAMPLE

x=6
(xi,yi) (20,10) 21,11 (22,12) Pi P0=4 P1=2

y=5 2 y=10
(Xi+1,Yi+1) (21,11)

2( y- x)=-2

y=5 2 y=10
(Xi+1,Yi+1) (21,11) (22,12)

2( y- x)=-2

Pi P0=4

(26,15)

P0=2 y- x=4 P0>0 so (X++,Y++) 21,11

P1=P0+2( y- x)=4-2=2 (x++,y++)=(22,12)

(20,10) (20,10)

Nihar Ranjan Roy

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Nihar Ranjan Roy

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8/12/2009

SIMPLE ALGORITHM - EXAMPLE

x=6
(xi,yi) (20,10) 21,11 (22,12) Pi P0=4 P1=2 P2=0

SIMPLE ALGORITHM - EXAMPLE

x=6
(xi,yi) (20,10) 21,11
(26,15)

y=5 2 y=10
(Xi+1,Yi+1) (21,11) (22,12) (23,13)

2( y- x)=-2

y=5 2 y=10
(Xi+1,Yi+1) (21,11) (22,12) (23,13) (24,13)

2( y- x)=-2

Pi P0=4 P1=2 P2=0 P3 =-2

(22,12) (23,13)

(26,15)

P2=P1+2( y- x)=2-2=0 (x++,y++)=(23,12) P3=P2+2( y- x)=0-2=-2 (x++,y++)=(24,13)

(20,10) (20,10)

Nihar Ranjan Roy

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Nihar Ranjan Roy

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SIMPLE ALGORITHM - EXAMPLE

x=6
(xi,yi) (20,10) 21,11 (22,12) (23,13) (24,13) Pi P0=4 P1=2 P2=0 P3 =-2 P4=8

SIMPLE ALGORITHM - EXAMPLE

x=6
(xi,yi) (20,10) 21,11
(26,15)

y=5 2 y=10
(Xi+1,Yi+1) (21,11) (22,12) (23,13) (24,13) (25,14)

2( y- x)=-2
Pi P0=4 P1=2 P2=0 P3 =-2 P4=8 P5=6 (Xi+1,Yi+1) (21,11) (22,12) (23,13) (24,13) (25,14) (26,15)

y=5 2 y=10

2( y- x)=-2
(26,15)

(22,12) (23,13) (24,13) (25,14)

P4=P3+2 y=-2+10=8 (x++,y++)=(25,14)

(20,10)

P5=P4+2( y- x)=8-2=6 (x++,y++)=(26,15)

(20,10)

Nihar Ranjan Roy

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Nihar Ranjan Roy

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8/12/2009

SIMPLE ALGORITHM - EXAMPLE

x=6
(xi,yi) (20,10) 21,11 (22,12) (23,13) (24,13) (25,14) Pi P0=4 P1=2 P2=0 P3 =-2 P4=8 P5=6

y=5 2 y=10
(Xi+1,Yi+1) (21,11) (22,12) (23,13) (24,13) (25,14) (26,15)

2( y- x)=-2

Nihar Ranjan Roy

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