Select data collection method 1. Reliability= ACCURACY or precision of the tool.

The measurements are the same if REPEATED

Select data collection method 2. VALIDITY= relevancy of measurements. It measures what it is supposed to measure

Select data collection method 3. SENSITIVITY= measures the fine differences among the subjects

Data
Nominal data Data that can be organized into CATEGORIES of a defined property but cannot be compared Used when data can be assigned categories that can be ranked Have equal numerical distance between intervals. NO ZERO SCALE Highest form of measure, similar to interval BUT with ZERO POINT

Ordinal

Interval

Ratio

Targeted Therapies

Targeted Drugs
targeted drugs are designed to zero in on specific cancer-causing proteins. They destroy cancer cells but do not do serious damage to normal cells. Tamoxifen Herceptin

Immunotherapy
It is aimed at strengthening the patient s immune system and helping it recognize cancer cells as undesirable aliens. Immunotherapy uses a number of different techniques Interferon Vaccines

Antiangiogenesis
Cancer cells send out signals to activate genes to produce proteins that stimulate the growth of capillaries By inhibiting tumor angiogenesis, a basic requirement for malignant growth is blocked interferon alpha Avastin thalidomide

Stem Cells
bone marrow mini-transplants.

GENETIC RESEARCH

CARCINOGEN RESEARCH

ALTERNATIVE TREATMENTS

NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE