GLOSSARY

-ICUMINATE
-{CHENE -{CLITE

Tapering to an acute point, the sides incurved.

CLADOPHYLL

A flattened branch having the form and function

A small, dry, 1-seeded, indehiscent, seedlike fruit.

of a leaf, but arising in the axil of a minute, bractlike, often

caducous, true leaf.
CONES

- Sharply pointed, the sides straight, not incurved. -{D\TNTITIOUS - Out of the proper or usual place.
.L\DROPHORE

A colurnn of united stamens.

- A dense and usually elongated collection of sporophylls (cone scales) and usually bracts on a central axis, the whole
forming
a detachable, hornogenous body.

-{\THER
-{PEX

The part of the starnen whiclt contains the pollen.

CONIFEROUS CONVEX

- The summit
-

or tip of the organ.

Cone-bearing.

A more or less rounded surface.

-{PPENDAGE
-{PPRESSED

Any added part.

CORDATE

Pressed to the stem.

- Heart-shaped.
Resembling leather in texture.

CORIACEOUS CORM

-{REOLA

A small area marked out on a surface; a srnall pit.

-{ROID

- A plant of the family Araceae.

A solid underground bulb.

COROLLA

A5SYMETRIC

- A flower having some parts different

in form,
into two

The second set of floral organs, composed of petals,

usually the showy part of the flower.

CORONA

size, or degree of connation from others of the same whorl

so that

it is incapable of division in any plane

Narrowed gradu aIIy,
as

A body shaped like a'crown.

equal, similar halves. .{TTENUATE -{URICLED

CORRUGATED CORYMBOSE

- Wrinkled

or drew into folds. or colylnblike in form.

- In corymbs,

- Earshaped lobe or appendage,

the projections

CORYMB

A compound, flat or convex, open inflorescence,

An edge with rounded teeth.

at the base of some leaves and petals.

the outer flowers opening first.

CRENATE

-l\11

The angle on the upper side between a leaf and the

sten.
.L\ILLARY

CRENULATE

- Minutely or slightly crenate.

corona.

- Occuring

in an axil.

CREST

An elevation or ridge on the summit of any organ.

BfSAt
BERRY

Belonging or attached to the base. indehiscent, few- to many-seeded fruit. to about the rniddle.

CRO\rNS
CULM

See

- A fleshy,
- Two-cleft -

BIFID

CULTIGEN

- The hollow, jointed stem of the grasses. - A plant or group of apparent specific rank, known

BIFOLIOLATE BIL.IBIATE BIPINNATE

BISEXUAL

A compound leaf of two leaflets.

only in cultivation, with no deterrnined nativity, presurnably having originated, in the forrn in'yhich we know it, under
dornestication. CULTIVAR

- Having - Having

two lips,

as sorne corollas

-'Iwice pinnate.
both stamens and pistils.

A horticultural variety or race that has originated

and persisted under cultivation, not necessarily referable to

a botanical species, and of botanical or horticultural irnportance,

BLdDE
BRACT

The expanded part of a leaf. small leaf or scale from the axil of which a flower

- The

requiring a name.
CUNEATE

or its pedicel proceeds.

BRACTEOLES BRISTLE

- V/edge-shaped.
- Tipped with
a sharp and stiff point.

A bract seated on the pedicel or flower-stalk.

CUSPIDATE

A stiff, sharp hair, or any slender body of sirnilar

CYME - A flat or convex, open, courpollnd flower cluster, the inner flowers opening first.
..

appearance.

BROMELIAD - A plant of the family Bromeliaceae. BUDDING

BULB

CYMOSE

- Furnished
-

with cyme or cymelike.

- The uniting

of bud with

a stock.

DECUMBENT DECURRENT

Reclining on the ground. Leaves prolonged

- An underground

stem composed of scales.

on the stem beneath their

BULBIL

Small bulb, borne above ground, usually axillary.

insertion.
DENTATE

BL:TTRESS

-A

projecting support.
envelopes of the flower.

Toothed, the teeth sharp and pointing outward.

CAL\T

- The outer -

DEPRESSED

- Flattened or as if pressed
Two-ranked.

down from above.

C${PANULATE
CAPITATE CAPSULE

- Shaped
1-

like a bell.

DISTICHOUS

Having^ globular apex. to rnany-celled seed-vessel of a cornpound

DRUPE

A stone-fruit, that is the outer part soft, fleshy or

- A dry,
-

fibrous, the inner part hard and bony. ELLIPSOID

pistil.
C-{,RYOPSIS

- A solid body showing

an ellipse

in longitudinal

The one-seeded fruit or grain of grasses.

section and a circle in cross section.

ELLIPTIC

CATKIN

A scaly bracted, usually flexous spike or spikelike

Oval or oblong with the ends regularly rounded.

inflorescence of cyrnules.

ENDEMIC

Confined to a lirnited

are or locality; said of a

CL{DODE

- Leaflike

branch.

species with limited distribution.

355

GLOSSARY

ENTIRE

The rnargins continuous.

LOCULICIDAL

- Capsules

opening by splitting through the back

EPIPHYTIC EQUITANT

- Relating to epiphytes.
Used of conduplicate leaves that overlap one another
as

of each cell.
MARCOTTING
MARCOTTAGE

in two ranks, forming afan,

EVEN-PINNATE FASCICLED FIBROUS

in many species of lris.

leaflet.

- To pLopagate a plant by marcottage. - Air layering.

- No odd terrninal
of fibers.

MEGASPOROPHYLL

A sporophyll that bears megaspore; in

Growing in a bundle or cluster.

angiospenns, a carpel.
MEMBRANACEOUS MESOCARP

- Composed
-

- Thin and soft, of the texture of rnernbrane.

borne on the flowers.

FIDDLE-SHAPED FILAMENTOUS FILIFORM

FISSURED

Violin-shaped.

The middle layer of the fruit.

Threadlike

MONOECIOUS MUCRONATE
NERVES

- Male and fernale flowers

- Tipped with

Thread-shaped.

an abrupt short point.

- Cleaved. - Lirnp, flabby.

- A name for the

ribs or veins of leaves.

FLACCID

NODDING opposite NODE

Bending so that the summit hangs downward.

FLEXUOUS

'

Zigzag, bent or curved alternately in

The joints of a stem, or the part bearing the leaves or

directions.

branches. OBLANCEOLATE

FOLLICLE

A simple pod, opening down the inner suture.

- The reverse of lanceolate,

the broader end

FUSIFORM GLABROUS

- Spindle-shaped.

toward the top.

OBOVATE
OBTUSE

- Smooth,
-

in the sense of having no hairs, bristles,

- A flat inversely

ovate body, the broad end upward.

or other pubescence.
GLAUCESCENT

Blunt or round at the end.

Slightly glaucous, or bluish gray.

ODD-PINNATE
OFFSETS

Pinnate with terrninal leaflet.

GIAUCOUS

Covered with a bloorn, that is, with a fine, white,

Is a sinilar but short prostrate branch with a tuft of

wilry powder that rubs off.

leaves at the end which rest on ground, there takes root

and at length becomes independent. OFFSHOOT ORBICULAR OVATE

- Nearly spherical. GRAFTING - The union of carnbiurn layers of two woody stern,
GLOBOSE

A lateral branch of the main stem. Circular in outline.

one of the stock and the other of the scion.

HASTATE

Halberd-shaped. The texture of an herb as opposed to woody.

is the result of a cross between
2

Like a longitudinal section of an egg, with the broader

HERBACEOUS

HYBRID

- An organism which

end downward.
PANICLE

An open and branched inflorescence.

varieties, species, or genera.

IMBRICATE INCISED

PANICULATE
;

- Arranged in panicles, or like

a panicle.

Overlapping one another.

pANTROPIC PAPILLATE PEDICEL

Occuring in tropical region. small protuberan.ir.

Deeply and irregularly cut.

- Covered with

INDEHISCENT INDIGENOUS

Not splitting open.

The stalk of a single flower.

Native to a givenarea, as opposed to an introduced

PEDICELLATE PEDUNCLE

- Borne on a pedicel.
A flower-stalk, whether of a single flower or of
a

or exotic species.
INFLORESCENCE

The arrangenent of the flowers of the plant.

flower cluster.
PELTATE

INVOLUCML
INVOLUCRE

Of, relating to, or resembling an involucre.

- A whorl or set of bracts around a flower or an

ridge on a surface, like the keel of a boat;

- A shield-shaped leaf, whatever its shape, when the petiole is attached to the lower side, somewhere within the
margin.

inflorescence.
KEEL

- A projecting

the two anterior petals of a papillionaceous corolla.

LABELLUM

- Hanging, overhanging PENDULOUS - Somewhat hanging

PENDANT PERIANTH PETAL

or dooping.

Tlre odd, usually enlarge petal in the orchids and

rnargins appearing as if torn.

- The calyx

and corolla collectively.

some other flowers. LACEMTE LAMINA

A single part of a corolla.

- l}fifi

PETIOLE

- The stalk of the leaf.

- An
expanded, leaflike petiole with no true blades,

The expanded part or blade of a leaf.

PFFYLLODES as

LANCEOLATE LAX

Lance-shaped.

in some species of Acacia.

- Loose

in arrangement, the opposite of crowded.

PINNATE

A compound leaf in which the leaflets are arranged in a regular pattern.

LAYERING

A rnethod of vegetative propagation where

the

along the sides of a common petiole.

PLAITED PLICATE

stems arc placed on top

of the ground and covered with

- Interlaced
-

soil until roots are produced at the nodes.

LIGULE

Pleated (folded lengthwise several tirnes).

The strap-shaped corolla in many Compositae; the thin

POD

- Especially

of the fruit of the Leguminlsae, a dry, usually

appendage at the apex of the leaf-sheaths of most grasses. LIMB

dehiscent, few- to rnany-seeded fruit of a single sirnple carpel. POMEGRANATE PRICKLE

The border of a corolla.

Fruit with a thick rind and many seeds.

LINEAR

- Narrow, many times as long as broad, the rnargins

3s6

A small, weak spinelike outgrowth of the bark or

parallel.

epidermis rather than of the wood.

GTOSSARY

!r:rl Y - Bearing small sharp projections ffiTfATI - Lyrng flat on the ground.
?SELDOBLJISS

as

in the rose.

SINUATE SPADIX

A deeply wavy rnargin.

A fleshy spike of flower.

- A thickened or bulbiform

above-ground stem

SPATHE

- A bract which encloses

- shaped

an inflorescence as in the

n certain orchids,
ISILDOSTEM

varying from globose through clavate to

Araceae.
SPATULATE

loog o'lindrical according to species.

like spatula, that is oblong, much narrowed

False stem.

at the base. SPICUIATE SPIKE

ItULt[nfTharn.
FTTESCENT

Covered with fine and short or almost imperceptible

- Possessing

or covered with spicules. like a raceme but with sessile flowers.

- An inflorescence
- A receptacle

Hairy or downy, especially with fine and soft

SPINOSE - Thorny.
SPORANGIA SPUR

hzirs or pubescence.

or body where the spores are produced.

- The soft part of plants especially of fruits. PLIICTATE - Marked with small dots or glands. QLILTED - Lined or covered with quilt.
Pt1.P R{CEME

- Any projecting

appendage of a flower. organs of the flowers.

STAIvIENS

- The rnale

A flower-cluster, with one-flowered pedicels arranged

along the sides of a common peduncle.

R{CEMOSE RACHIS

- Stiff and pompous STIPULATE - Furnished with

STILT STIPULE leaf.

stipules.

- In raceme or racerne-like.
or other body.

The appendages, on each side of the base of a certain A stem that is growing horizontally along the ground

- The axis of an inflorescence

sToLoN

RECEPTACLE

The axis of a flower or the common axis or

surface.

support of a head of flowers.

REFLEXED REMFORM
RETUSE

sroLoNIFERouS
rooting stems.
SUBULATE

- Bent outward or backward. - Kidney-shaped

indented.

Producing stolons, that is, reclining and

Awn-shaped, tapering to a sharp point.

- An obtuse apex somewhat RHIZOMES - A rootstock.

RHOMBOID

SUCCULENT

Plant having juicy or watery tissues.

SUFFRUTESCENT SUTURE

- Slightly

shrubby or woody.

- Shaped somewhat

like a rhombus or rhomboid,

The line of junction of contiguous parts grown together.

i.e., like a parallelogram with two opposite obtuse angles.

RJND

SYNCARP

Bark, peel or crust.

- A compound "fruit" composed of the rnassed, often more or less coalescent, fruits either of a single flower (an
aggregate "fruit"), as in Magnolia,, or of several flowers (a
as

ROOTSTOCKS ROSETTE

- Rootlike

stem on or under ground.

An arrangement of leaves radiating from a crown or

nrultiple "fruit"),
TENDRILS TERETE

in pineapple (Ananas) or Pandanus.

center and usually at or close to the earth, as in dandelion, Taraxacum.

RUSSET

A slender, usually coiled, organ used for clirnbing.

Long and

round.

- Reddish brown color.

Bag-shaped.

TERMINAT TERNATE

Borne at, or belonging to, the extremity or summit.

SACCATE

- In threes.
Clothed with matted wooly hairs.

SAGITTATE

Like an arrowhead with the basal lobes pointing

TOMENTOSE

backward.
SATVERFORM

Said

of garnopetalous corolla with a slender

TOOTHED -'Furnished sort on the margin.

TRIFOLIATE TRUNCATE

with teeth or short projections of any

"

tube and an abruptly expanded flat lirnb, as that of Phlox;

hypocrateri-forrn.

- Having
-

three leaves.

SCABROUS SCANDENT SCAPE

- Rough or harsh to the touch. - Clirnbing.

and

As if cut-off at the top.

TUBERCLE organ. TUBER

A srnall, rounded excrescence or projection on an

A peduncle rising from the ground or near it, -

bearing one or more flowers.

SCHIZOCARP

A thickened portion of a subterranean stem or branch,

provided with buds on the sides.

A dry, dehiscent fruit that splits into two halves,

each half called a rnericarp, as in most Umbelliferae

SCURFY SEPAL

u in Acer.

TUFT

A dense head of leaves or flowers

TUFTED

- Covered with

minute scales or branlike particles.

- Adorn

with tuft
as the bulb of

- A division of the calp. SEPTUM - A partition. SERMTE - The margin cut into sharp teeth
SERRULATE SESSILE

TUNICATE

- Having concentric coats or layers,

an onion. TURBINATE - Top-shaped.

pointing forq/ard.

TURGID
UMBEL

- Same as the last, but with

any stalk.

- Swolen, distended.
I(ravy-rnargined. Having stamens or pistils only.

fine teeth.

- The umbrella-like fonn of inflorescence. -

- Without

UNDUIATE

SILIQUE

- The two-carpelled

fruit peculiar to the Cruciferae, in

UNISEXUAL URCEOLATE UTRICTE

which two valves fall away,leaving a longitudinal central

replum; the term is usually restricted to long fruits of this type, three or more times longer than wide.

- Urn-shaped.
one-seeded fruit.

- A small, thin-walled,

VARIEGATED

Blotched or marked with various colors.

357