MA 141-008 * Fall 2010 * 4.1: Related Rates Steps to Solve 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Draw a diagram.

Introduce notation to describe quantities in problem that are functions of time. Express given information and unknown rate in terms of derivatives. Write an equation that relates quantities. (May need a change of variable.) Dierentiate both sides of the equation with respect to t. (Implicit dierentiation) Substitute in given information into this equation and solve for the unknown rate.

Sample Problems 1. The volume of a spherical balloon is increasing at a constant rate of 4.5 ft3 /min. How fast is the radius of the balloon increasing when the radius is exactly 2 ft? 2. A 15 ft ladder rests along a vertical wall. If the bottom of the ladder slides away from the wall at a rate of 1.5 ft/sec, how fast is the top of the ladder sliding down the wall when the bottom of the ladder is 9 ft away from the wall? 3. Alice is on a bike 600 m west of Bob. Alice starts riding east at a rate of 5 m/s and Bob starts riding north at a rate of 3 m/s. How fast is the distance between Alice and Bob changing 100 s later? 4. Two cars start moving from the same point. One travels south at 60 mi/h and the other travels west at 25 mi/h. At what rate is the distance between the cars increasing two hours later? 5. A water tank has the shape of an inverted circular cone with base radius 20 ft and height 40 ft. If water is being pumped into the tank at a rate of 80 ft3 /min, nd the rate at which the water level is rising when the water is 12 feet deep. 6. Chemicals are pumped into a cylindrical mixing tank with radius 5 ft and height 30 ft at the rate of 2 ft3 /min. If the mixture leaves the tank at a rate of 1 ft3 per minute, nd the rate at which the chemical level is rising when the chemical mixture is 7 ft deep. 7. A streetlight is mounted at the top of a 5 m pole. A person 2 m tall walks away from the pole with a speed of 1.5 m/s. (a) How fast is the length of his shadow changing when he is 15 m from the pole? (b) How fast is the tip of his shadow moving when he is 15 m from the pole? 8. A spotlight is on the ground 20 ft away from a wall and a 6 ft tall person is walking toward the wall at a rate of 2.5 ft/sec. How fast is the height of the shadow changing when the person is 8 ft from the wall?