Parlindungan Pardede

R E C O G N I Z I N G

& A C C E P T I N G

DIVERSITY IN:
ETHNICS RELIGIONS CULTURES RACES

THE ONLY PRACTICAL CHOICE & ADVANTAGES

TRADITIONAL VALUES & BELIEVES

Brainstorming

What is freedom? Is ones freedom limited by something? (If yes, by what, family, society, government? If no, whats the consequence?)

FREEDOM

THREE TRADITIONAL VALUES AND BELIEFS

all men are created equal, they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness.
The Declaration of Independence (1776)

INDIVIDUAL FREEDOM
SELF -RELIANCE

EQUAL OPPORTUNITY
COMPETITION

MATERIAL WEALTH
HARDWORK

INDIVIDUAL FREEDOM
I.F. = the desire & right of all individuals to control their own destiny without outside interference (government, ruling noble class, the church, etc.) Price: Self-reliancerooted in the believe that everybody should stand on their own feet. E.g. at 18-21 years old, Americans are financially and emotionally independent from their parents. Relying on someone or any organization or charity means losing ones independence.

Individual Freedom
Selfreliance

What outsiders see as INDIVIDUALISM is what Americans call FREEDOM

INDIVIDUAL FREEDOM IN AMERICAN FAMILY

A family primary purpose is to advance the happiness of its individual members. Thus,

The needs of each individual take priority in the life of the family Main responsibility of a family members is not to advance the familys (as a group) economy, socialrole, and honor, but to realize the members happiness. Aristocracy keeps on dimming from American society.

 A newborn baby is put in a separate room belongs only him in order to preserve parents privacy and to develop the childs personal independence and individualism
COMMON EXPRESSIONS: Children should (1) cut the (umbilical) cord (2) not to be tied to their mothers apron strings. (3) learn to look out for number one (4) to stand on their own two feet.

American children are soon taught to make decisions and be responsible for their actions. They are encouraged to work for money outside the home as a first step to establishing autonomy. 9-10 year old children may deliver newspapers in their neighborhoods and save or spend their earnings. Teenagers (13 to 18 years) baby-sit at neighbors homes

In the United Statesvery few children are raised to believe that their principal destiny is to serve their family, their country, or their God [as is the practice in some other countries]. Generally children [in USA] are given the feeling that they can set their own aims and occupation in life, according to their inclinations. We are raising them to be rugged individualists. (Spock, B., and Steven P. 1998: 7)

Between 18 and 21 years children are encouraged, but not force, to leave their nest and begin an independent life having their own social relationships and financial support outside the family. Children choose their own spousesusually based on romantic love. Parents do not arrange marriages for children, nor do children usually ask permission of their parents to get married. Americans willingness to try something new, the urge to be jack-of-all-trades, self reliance, and independence drive a child to choose a career that is different from ones father

THE ELDERLY
American senior citizens choose to live in nursing homes or retirement communities because: (1) U.S. Social security or welfare systems financially support the elderly; (2) in nursing homes they will find peer group association within their own age group; American's glorification of youth and indifference to the aged This separation of the elderly from the young has left many older people alienated and alone.

EQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY AND COMPETITION

Equality of Opportunity= everyone has equal chance to enter the race for success. Rooted in early immigrants belief that everyone has a chance to succeed in America and many proved their dreams were fulfilled. Price: competition. This makes Americans are urged to match their energy, intelligence, and creativity with their neighbors. They honor winners but despise losers. Americans get free from the pressure of competition only when they retire at the age of 65. But it makes them feel useless and unwanted for not joining the race which givethem prestigeany more.

Equality of Opportunity
Competition

MATERIAL WEALTH & HARDWORK

Material Wealth = the indicator of ones social status in society (due to the rejection of hereditary aristocracy and titles of nobility Material Wealth materialism. For Americans, material wealth has a religious valuerooted in Puritanism viewing material success as Gods love. So to succeed is the life goal of most Americans. Price: hard work. This makes some Americans work compulsively and become workaholics. Some regard them as valuable members of society for their high production and efficiency; some others see them as individuals with mental problems

Material Wealth Hard work

Are American values: idealism or reality?

The American values are not always put into practice. Despite the equality of opportunity, for
Some people have a better chance for success than others; Race & gender may still be factors affecting success; Inheriting money is an advantage.

However, most Americans still believe are strongly affected by these values. In addition, more and more laws are issued to promote equality of opportunity.

Bibliography
Althen, Gary, Amanda R. D. and Susan J. S. (2nd ed.). 2003. American ways: A guide for foreigners in the United States. Maine: Intercultural Press. Kearny, Edward N., Mary Ann Kearny, and Jo Ann Crandal (3rd ed). 2005. The American ways: An introduction to American culture. New Jersey: Prentice Hall Inc. Spock, B. and Steven P. 1998. Dr. Spocks Baby and Child Care. New York: Simon and Schuster.

Topic to Discuss in Blog

If Americans had to pick a value of their country that they are most proud of, over 90 percent would choose freedom. What value are the majority of Indonesians most proud of? How does it affect life in Indonesia?