STROKE

Stroke or cerebrovascular
accident (CVA
 Classification

• Strokes can be classified

into two major categories:
–Ischemic
–hemorrhagic.
 ISCHEMIC STROKE

• Ischemia is
due to
interruption
of the blood
supply,
 ISCHEMIC STROKE causes
• Thrombosis
• Embolism
• systemic hypoperfusion
• venous thrombosis
 HEMORRHAGIC

• rupture of a
blood vessel
• A hemorrhagic stroke
takes place when an
artery supplying
blood bleeds into the
brain.
 Causes
• One type of
hemorrhagic stroke is
caused when an
artery which has
weakened over time,
bulges (called an
aneurysm) and
suddenly bursts.
 TYPES OF HEMORRHAGIC

INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES
Intracranial hemorrhage is the accumulation
of blood anywhere within the skull vault.

INTRACEREBRAL HEMORRHAGES
is bleeding directly into the brain tissue,
forming a gradually enlarging hematoma
(pooling of blood).
INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES
INTRACEREBRAL HEMRRHAGES
 Controllable Risk Factors
• • Carotid Artery Disease
• High Blood Pressure
• Atrial Fibrillation
• Cigarette Smoking
• Heart Disease
• Diabetes
• Warning Signs or History of Stroke
• Lack of Exercise
• Obesity
• Excessive Alcohol Consumption
• High Cholesterol
 Uncontrollable Risk Factors
• • Advanced Age
• Previous Stroke
• Heredity
• Race
 Guidelines for Patients
• Know your blood pressure, have it
checked at least once a year
• Find out if you have atrial fibrillation, which
encourages the formation of blood clots
that could cause a stroke
• If you smoke, stop
• If you drink alcohol, do so in moderation
• Find out if you have high cholesterol
• If you have diabetes, take measures to control
the condition
• Include exercise in your daily routine
• Eat a low-salt diet
• Ask your physician if you have circulation
problems that could increase the risk of stroke
and
• If you experience any stroke symptoms,
including sudden weakness of the face or a limb,
a blurring of vision, dizziness, or an intense
headache, seek immediate medical attention.
Signs and Symptoms of a Stroke
• • Sudden numbness or weakness of face,
leg or arm,
especially on one side of the body
• Sudden confusion or trouble speaking or
understanding speech
• Sudden dimness or loss of vision in one
or both eyes
• Sudden severe headache with no known
cause
• Sudden dizziness, loss of balance or
unsteadiness
 So what steps can you take to
help prevent a stroke?
• Control your blood pressure.
• Stop smoking.
• Exercise regularly.
• Eat a healing diet.
 Other helpful Tips
• Aspirin for stroke prevention
• Vitamin E to reduce the risk of stroke
• Gum disease leads to higher stroke
risk
• Fish oil reduces the risk of stroke?