Behaviorism vs Cognitivism:

Differences:
Behaviorism In behaviorism learning (knowledge) takes the form of a response to stimuli, the primary focus is how the association between the stimulus and response is made, strengthen and maintained. Behaviorist typically does not address the concept of memory. Behaviorism focuses on a new behavioral pattern being repeated. Use of reinforcement to impact performance. Congnitivism Cognitive psychology focuses more on complex mental processes such as thinking, problem solving, language, concept formation and information processing. Memory is given a prominent role in cognitivism. Cognitivism is based on the thought process behind the behavior. Changes in behavior are observed, but only as an indicator to what are going on in the learner's head. The cognitivist focus mainly on the process that takes place (in the mind).

The behaviorist emphasizes on the output and the input components and treating the process as a black box. Behaviorist theories explain learning in Cognitivists view the learner as an terms of strictly observable behavior active participant in the learning with the learner as a passive recipient process. of knowledge through stimulusresponse interaction with the environment. Behaviourism revolves around the teacher. Behaviorists would identify the definite learning objectives; cognitivists would use advance organizers. Cognitivism learner. revolves around the

Cognative pays much more emphasis on connecting prior knowledge (which might not be exactly the same but close) to new knowledge.

SIMILARITIES:
Two techniques used by both camps in achieving this effectiveness and efficiency of knowledge transfer are simplification and standardization. That is, knowledge can be analyzed, decomposed and simplified into basic building blocks. Knowledge transfer is expedited if irrelevant information is eliminated. Both pay attention in the role of environment, in behaviorism environment is the focal starting point while in cognivitism environment is considered as facilitator. Behaviorist use feedback (reinforcement) to modify behavior in the desired direction while cognitivist make use of feedback (knowledge of results) to guide and support accurate mental connections. Cognitivism and Behaviorism are similar in use of mechanism as a fundamental assumption. Both view human action, mental or otherwise, as determined by physical laws.