ACTIVITY 9:

Muscular System
Pre-Lab Discussion
 SKELETAL SYSTEM
FUNCTIONS:
Movement
Locomotion
Muscles and Body Movements
• Movement is
attained due to a
muscle moving
an attached
bone

Figure 6.12
Slide
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings 6.30a
Muscles and Body Movements

• Muscles are
attached to at
least two points
• Origin –
attachment to an
immoveable bone
• Insertion –
attachment to a
movable bone
Figure 6.12
Slide
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings 6.30b
Types of Ordinary Body
Movements

• Flexion = flexor
• Extension = extensor
• Rotation = rotator
• Abduction = abductor
• Circumduction

Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Slide 6.32

Body Movements

Figure 6.13

Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Slide 6.33

Special Movements
• Dorsifelxion = dorsiflexor
• Plantar flexion
• Inversion
• Eversion
• Supination = supinator
• Pronation = pronator
• Opposition
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Slide 6.34
Naming of Skeletal Muscles
• Direction of muscle fibers
• Example: rectus (straight)
• Relative size of the muscle
• Example: maximus (largest)

Slide
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings 6.36a
Naming of Skeletal Muscles

• Location of the muscle

• Example: many muscles are named
for bones (e.g., temporalis)
• Number of origins
• Example: triceps (three heads)

Slide
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings 6.36b
Naming of Skeletal Muscles
• Location of the muscles origin and
insertion
• Example: sterno (on the sternum)
• Shape of the muscle
• Example: deltoid (triangular)
• Action of the muscle
• Example: flexor and extensor (flexes or
extends a bone)
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Slide 6.37
 TASKS:
• IDENTIFY THE FROG MUSCLES
• Ventral head and trunk muscles
• Ventral muscles of the thigh and shank
• Ventral muscles of the forelimbs
• Dorsl muscles of the head and trunk
• Dorsal muscles of the thigh and shank

• LOCATE THEIR:
1. ORIGINS
2. INSERTIONS

• IDENTIFY THEIR ACTIONS

START…