10/18/08

Cells

W Richards

Worthing High School

Please note – some of the animation effects used here only work in PP XP
 Using a microscope
10/18/08

1. Eyepiece

2. Arm
7. Lenses

6. Stage 3. Focus
adjustor
5. Mirror
4. Base
 Plant cells vs. Animal cells
10/18/08

Both types of cell have these: Only plant cells

have these:

4) Cell wall – provides

1) Cytoplasm - support
this is where the
reactions happen

2) Nucleus –
The “brain” of
the cell 5) Chloroplasts –
contain chlorophyll

3) Cell Membrane –
holds the cell 6) Large Vacuole
together – contains sap
 Specialised cells
10/18/08

Consider the root hair cell:

It is “suited” to its job of taking in

water and nutrients in 2 ways:
2) It has a large surface area
3) It has a thin cell membrane

The sperm cell is another example of a

specialised cell:

Strong tail for Vacuole containing

swimming enzymes
 More specialised animal cells
10/18/08

I.D: Red Blood Cell

Function: Carries oxygen around
the body
Features: No nucleus and large
surface area

White blood cell Ciliated

epithelial cell

Nerve cell
(neurone)

Egg cell (ovum)

Cells, tissues, organs and systems 10/18/08

Basically, all living things are

made up of cells…

A group of CELLS makes up a

TISSUE

A group of TISSUES makes up

an ORGAN

A group of ORGANS makes up a

SYSTEM

A group of SYSTEMS make up an

ORGANISM
 Another example
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Here’s another example in humans:

Muscle cells

Muscle tissue

Organ

System

Organism
 Cell growth
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Animal cells:

Plant cells:
 Plant reproduction
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For a plant to reproduce two stages must happen:

Stage 1: Pollination – pollen from one plant is taken to another

by insects or the wind:
 Plant reproduction
10/18/08

Stage 2: Fertilisation – a pollen tube grows down through the

style and the pollen grain (which contains the male sex cell)
travels down the tube to fertilise the female egg cell:

Ovaries