Counselling process Definition : counselling process implies continous change /changes that take place /rather which should

take

place in the client in promoting personality changes in a desired direction The kind of change that the counselling process aims at is briefly : Awareness on the part of the client Behavioral change in a desired direction through which the client can achieve his goals

Counselling processs is the same for all problems but with some form of difference in emphasis General outline of counselling process : Realising that there is a complaint,problem/symptom Feeling the need for help in resolving problems Seeking help and establishing the relationship Expressing feelings,clarifying and elaborating them as related to the problems Exploring feelings and personal resources Being aware of the desirable direction of change Working through feelings and inducing the desirable change by means of interpretation and reinforcement Developing insights Planning action Implementing action

Stages in the counselling process s.narayan rao I. Awareness of need for help : Individuals not aware about their day to day problems Inwardly they may be experiencing,suffering yet they may not seek help Some individuals experience their problems as severe they are potential clients seek psychological assistance because of feelings of distress and inabilityto deal with it Ii. Development of relationship : Bridge connecting counsellees personality with counsellor Development of emotionally warm and understanding relationship mutual liking, trust,respect III. Counsellor should be aware of the defence strategies likely to be exploitedby the client Client may take a helpless attitude and get the counsellor to do what he wants him to do Counsellee may arouse sympathy and attention and avoid unpleasant tasks Counsellor should understand the clients condition clarification of problems :

Aid the expression of feelings and Psychoanalytic terminology catharsis

Awareness of relief through communication of problems Previously tied up emotions are released and can be used constructively Expression of feelings release of emotional tensions and clarifying problems

Iv. Exploration of deeper feelings :

Client may mistake ventilation of feelings as resolution of feelings If therapeutic help is the objective counsellor must try to explore the deeper feelings and conflicting situations To be solved without damaging individuals personality involves analysis Working in close harmony with client, with due understanding,regard and sympathy, for the clients innermost feelings Counsellor is able to synthesiseand integrate counsellees potentialities, needs and aspirations , and direct them towards appropriate goals

V. Integration process :

Vi. Time perspecive : Clients are confused with time perspective Not able to see the present as logically arising from the past/the present affecting the future They appear baffled as they are unable to explainto themselves the how and why of things and usually come to grief Vii. Developing the awareness of the counsellee : Helping the client to get an insight into himself and to the world around him Providing insight into ones conflicts, repressions,inhibitions Behavioral approach important action Intellectual and emotional insights rational understanding Awareness of goals the direction in which the self is to reach out or move forward

Viii. Encouragement to the client to make use of the psychotherapeutic/counselling benefits : Use of counselling benefits gained to adjust himself to the world of realities Actual test to determine the success of counselling Termination Stages by philip burnard o o o o o o o Getting started Introductory talk Identifying the issue Copying with feelings Identifying possible solutions Agreeing a plan Implementing the plan

Stages by j.m fuster Preparotory stage - attending First stage responding Second stage personalising Third stage initiating

 Counselling process : Stages Preparatory stage

Subsequent stage evaluating

Attitudes Respect, genuineness,empathy

Skills Attending : social skills,attending physically, Observing,listening Responding : responding to content & feelings, responded with questions,making summary responses,end this stage with a summary of dominant feelings and their reason & getit checked by counsellor Personalising : personalising meaning, problem,goal Initiating : state the goal clearly, identifying appropriate steps,formulate the first step Evaluating : Evaluate performance and modify plan of action

First stage

All the above + concreteness,self disclosure

Second stage Third stage

Allthe above + confrontation All the above

Subsequent stage

Allthe above

Experience of counselling will equip the client to meet similar situation in future Counsellor Empathy, listening Responding understanding Personalising Initiation accepting responsibility acts involvement exploring , counsellee

Evaluation Process of counselling is repeated