Cap 12 - Eletrônica Digital - Parte I - 2 Aulas

ELT 054 Eletrnica
Eletrnica Digital Parte I
26/1/2010
Company
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Eletrnica Analgica x Eletrnica Digital
Sinal analgico: um sinal contnuo no tempo cujo valor varia continuamente
Sinal digital binrio: um sinal contnuo no tempo que s assume dois valores, denominados nveis lgicos zero e um.
Practical Electronics for Inventors - Paul Scherz Copyright 2000 by Mc Graw Hill
Company
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Sistema Decimal Sistema Binrio
Sistema Decimal (Base 10) Algarismos: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
2810 = 2 x 10 + 8 x 10
1
Sistema Binrio (Base 2) Algarismos: 0, 1
11100 2 = 1 x 2 + 1 x 2 + 1 x 2 + 0 x 2 + 0 x 2
4 3 2 1
1/26/2010
Company
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Converso binrio - decimal
2 0
2 1
2 0
2 0
2 1
2 0
2 1
2 0
= 2 + 2 + 2 = 7410
6 3 1
bit
1 byte = 8 bits
Company
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Converso decimal - binrio
Converso Decimal - Binrio 54 0 2 27 1 2 13 1 54 = 00110110b 2 6 0 2 3 1 2 1

5
Practical Electronics for Inventors - Paul Scherz
Copyright 2000 by Mc Graw Hill
Company
BASES NUMRICAS Binria 2 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 1000 1001 1010 1011 1100 1101 1110 1111
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Nmeros Binrios 0000 0

Decimal 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Hexadecimal - 16 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F 6
Company
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Converso binrio hexadecimal
Separa-se o nmero binrio em grupos de 4 algarismos e transforma-se diretamente cada grupo para a base 16 Ex: 10110101b para a base hexadecimal 10110101
1011=BH
0101=5H
B5H ou 0xB5
Company
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Converso hexadecimal binrio
Cada algarismo hexadecimal gera 4 algarismos binrios Ex: 0xBF1 1= 0001b F= 1111b B= 1011b
1011 1111 0001b

Company
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Nmeros inteiros
Nmeros em notao complemento de dois
Bit de sinal
- 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 Exemplos: 01010011b = 26 + 24 + 21 + 20 = 83 10101101b = - 27 + 25 + 23 + 22 + 20 = - 83

Company
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Complemento de dois mtodo 1
0100 1000b
+ 72
1011 0111 0000 0001 1011 1000

Complemento de 1
+1 - 72
10
Company
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Complemento de dois mtodo 2

0100 1000b + 72
Inverter os bits aps o primeiro 1 menos significativo:
0100 1000
1011 1000b
- 72
11
Company
Nmeros inteiros Complemento de 2 0111 0110 0101 0100 0011 0010 0001 0000 1111 1110 1101 1100 1011 1010 1001
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Decimal 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7
1000
-8
12
Company
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Bit de sinal
Nmeros racionais
0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1
- 2 2 2 1 2 0 2 -1 2 -2 2 -3 2 -4 2 -5 Exemplos:
100.11011b = - 22 + 2-1 + 2-2 + 2-4 + 2-5 = - 3,15625 01010.011b = 23 + 21 + 2-2 + 2-3 = 10,375
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Company
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Soma de nmeros binrios
14
Company
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Subtrao de nmeros binrios
= - 7 em complemento de dois
15
Company
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Portas Lgicas - inversor

Expresso booleana:
Y=A
16
Company
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Portas Lgicas and (e)

Expresso booleana:
Y = AB
17
Company
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Funo enable com porta and
18
Company
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Portas Lgicas - nand

Expresso booleana:
Y = AB
19
Company
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Portas Lgicas or (ou)

Expresso booleana:
Y = A+ B
20
Company
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Funo enable com porta ou
21
Company
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Portas Lgicas - nor

Expresso booleana:
Y = A+ B
22
Company
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Portas Lgicas - xor
23
Company
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Portas Lgicas - nxor
24
Company
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Portas lgicas com mltiplas entradas
25
Company
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Famlia TTL
26
Company
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Nveis lgicos vlidos na entrada e sada
27
Company
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Famlia CMOS
Nveis lgicos: 0 0V (se VI< 7,5V nvel zero) 1 15V (se VI>7,5 V nvel um)
28
Company
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
lgebra de Boole
A+ B = B + A
AB = BA
A + ( B + C ) = ( A + B) + C A( BC ) = ( AB )C
A( B + C ) = AB + AC ( A + B )(C + D) = AC + AD + BC + BD
A0 = 0
A 1 = A
29
Company
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9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
lgebra de Boole
A+0 = A
A +1 = 1 A+ A = A
AA = A
A= A A+ A =1
AA = 0
A + B = AB
Teorema de De Morgan
30
Company
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17 18 19 20 21
lgebra de Boole
AB = A + B
Teorema de De Morgan
A + AB = A + B A + AB = A + B A B = AB + A B = ( A + B)( AB)
A B = AB + A B
31
Company
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Circuitos lgicos combinacionais
Simplificar o circuito:
32
Company
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Nor e Nand Gates universais
1/26/2010
33
Company
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Mapa de Karnaugh
Soma de produtos
1/26/2010
34
Company
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Mapa de Karnaugh - simplificao
1/26/2010
35
Company
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36
Company
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37
Company
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Mapa de Karnaugh - exemplos
38
Company
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Mapa de Karnaugh - exemplos
39
Company
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Exerccio
Faa o circuito mnimo para a varivel lgica L A 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 B 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 C 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 L 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1

40
Company
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Decodificador BCD para Display de 7 segmentos
41
Company
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Circuito interno do display
42
Company
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43
Company
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Soma binria
44
Company
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Somador de dois bits
A1 B1
S1
A0 B0 0
S0
45
Company
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Representao digital de sinais

Sinal contnuo no tempo ou sinal analgico
Sinal discreto no tempo e quantizado em amplitude
Figure 1.7 Sampling the continuous-time analog signal in (a) results in the discrete-time signal in (b).
46
Company
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Nmeros em Ponto Flutuante

v = (1) S 2( E 127) 1.F
23 22 E F 0
Formato IEEE preciso simples:
31 30
sinal 1 bit
expoente 8 bits
mantissa 23 bits
Exemplo:
1 10000001 01100000000000000000000 129 0,375
1.375 2(129127) = 5,500

47

Cap 12 - Eletrônica Digital - Parte I - 2 Aulas

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Cap 12 - Eletrônica Digital - Parte I - 2 Aulas

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ELT 054 Eletrnica

Eletrnica Digital Parte I

Eletrnica Analgica x Eletrnica Digital

Sinal analgico: um sinal contnuo no tempo cujo valor varia continuamente

Sistema Decimal Sistema Binrio

Sistema Decimal (Base 10) Algarismos: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9

Sistema Binrio (Base 2) Algarismos: 0, 1

Converso binrio - decimal

Converso decimal - binrio

Converso Decimal - Binrio 54 0 2 27 1 2 13 1 54 = 00110110b 2 6 0 2 3 1 2 1

Practical Electronics for Inventors - Paul Scherz

Copyright 2000 by Mc Graw Hill

Nmeros Binrios 0000 0

Practical Electronics for Inventors - Paul Scherz

Copyright 2000 by Mc Graw Hill

Converso binrio hexadecimal

Practical Electronics for Inventors - Paul Scherz

Copyright 2000 by Mc Graw Hill

Converso hexadecimal binrio

1011 1111 0001b

Nmeros em notao complemento de dois

- 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 Exemplos: 01010011b = 26 + 24 + 21 + 20 = 83 10101101b = - 27 + 25 + 23 + 22 + 20 = - 83

Complemento de dois mtodo 1

1011 0111 0000 0001 1011 1000

Complemento de dois mtodo 2

Inverter os bits aps o primeiro 1 menos significativo:

Practical Electronics for Inventors - Paul Scherz

Copyright 2000 by Mc Graw Hill

Soma de nmeros binrios

Practical Electronics for Inventors - Paul Scherz

Copyright 2000 by Mc Graw Hill

Subtrao de nmeros binrios

Practical Electronics for Inventors - Paul Scherz

Copyright 2000 by Mc Graw Hill

Portas Lgicas - inversor

Practical Electronics for Inventors - Paul Scherz

Copyright 2000 by Mc Graw Hill

Portas Lgicas and (e)

Practical Electronics for Inventors - Paul Scherz

Copyright 2000 by Mc Graw Hill

Funo enable com porta and

Practical Electronics for Inventors - Paul Scherz

Copyright 2000 by Mc Graw Hill

Portas Lgicas - nand

Practical Electronics for Inventors - Paul Scherz

Copyright 2000 by Mc Graw Hill

Portas Lgicas or (ou)

Practical Electronics for Inventors - Paul Scherz

Copyright 2000 by Mc Graw Hill

Funo enable com porta ou

Practical Electronics for Inventors - Paul Scherz

Copyright 2000 by Mc Graw Hill

Portas Lgicas - nor

Practical Electronics for Inventors - Paul Scherz

Copyright 2000 by Mc Graw Hill

Portas Lgicas - xor

Practical Electronics for Inventors - Paul Scherz

Copyright 2000 by Mc Graw Hill

Portas Lgicas - nxor

Practical Electronics for Inventors - Paul Scherz

Copyright 2000 by Mc Graw Hill

Portas lgicas com mltiplas entradas

Practical Electronics for Inventors - Paul Scherz