Chapter 18

Chapter Eighteen

ANSWERS TO TERMINOLOGY SECTION

505

Answers to Terminology Section

Terminology
adenectomy adrenopathy adrenalectomy gonadotropin hypogonadism pancreatectomy parathyroidectomy hypopituitarism thyrotropic hormone thyroiditis androgen hypercalcemia hypercalciuria hypocalcemia corticosteroid endocrinologist polydipsia estrogenic glucagon hyperglycemia glycemic glycogen homeostasis hormonal hypokalemia prolactin myxedema hyponatremia hypophysectomy somatotropin steroid oxytocin thyrotoxicosis antidiuretic hormone

(textbook pages 760763)

Meaning
Removal of a gland. Disease of adrenal glands. Removal of an adrenal gland. Hormone that is secreted from the pituitary gland and acts on the gonads (ovaries and testes). Condition of decreased function of the gonads, with decreased growth and sexual development. Removal of the pancreas. Removal of the parathyroid glands. Condition resulting from decreased secretion by the pituitary gland. Hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland that acts on the thyroid gland (TSH or thyroid-stimulating hormone). Inflammation of the thyroid gland. Hormone producing or stimulating male characteristics (e.g., testosterone). Increased calcium in the blood. High levels of calcium in urine. Decreased calcium in the blood. Any of the hormones produced by the adrenal cortex. Specialist in diagnosis and treatment of endocrine gland disorders. Condition of excessive thirst. Pertaining to having properties similar to estrogen (producing estrogen-like effects). Hormone from the pancreas that causes sugar to be released into the bloodstream when blood sugar levels are low. Blood condition of increased sugar. Pertains to sugar in the blood. An animal starch; produced from sugar by the liver. State of equilibrium (constancy) of the bodys internal environment. Pertaining to hormones. Low levels of potassium in the blood. Hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary that promotes the growth of breast tissue and stimulates milk production. Condition of mucous-like swelling of the face and soft tissues; due to hyposecretion of the thyroid gland in adults. Blood condition of deficiency of sodium. Removal of the pituitary gland. Hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland; stimulates growth of bones and tissues (growth hormone). An organic (containing carbon) compound with a ring structure; bile acids, vitamin D, certain hormones. Hormone secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland; stimulates childbirth. Condition of increased secretion from the thyroid gland with symptoms such as sweating, rapid pulse, tremors, and exophthalmos. Secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland; causes water to be retained in the body.

Copyright 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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Suffixes
glucagon

Chapter 18

ANSWERS TO TERMINOLOGY SECTION

Hormone from the pancreas that assembles sugar from starch and increases blood sugar when it is low. Low levels of sugar in blood. Hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla; raises blood pressure. Hormone secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; stimulates the adrenal cortex to release its hormones. Condition of sugar in the urine.

hypoglycemia epinephrine adrenocorticotropin glycosuria

Prefixes
euthyroid hyperkalemia hypoinsulinism oxytocin panhypopituitarism tetraiodothyronine (T4) triiodothyronine (T3) Normal thyroid function. High levels of potassium in blood. Low levels of insulin. Hormone from the neurohypophysis that stimulates childbirth. Condition of deficient secretion of all hormones from the pituitary gland. Thyroid gland hormone containing 4 atoms of iodine; thyroxine. Thyroid gland hormone containing 3 atoms of iodine.

Copyright 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.