AP Art History

Chapter 3 Q-Cards: Ancient Egypt

Stepped Pyramid of King Djoser

Palette of King Narmer D: ca. 2950 BCE
D: ca. 2950 BCE P/S: Ancient Egypt: Early Dynastic
P/S: Ancient Egypt: Early Dynastic Period
Period A: Imhotep
A: Unknown artist Pa: King Djoser
Pa: King Narmer L: Saqqara, Egypt
M/T: Stone M/T: Stone, Limestone
F: Commemorate the unification of F: Tomb in order to protect King’s
Upper and Lower Egypt. Show remains. Symbolizes absolute &
Osiris giving power to King godlike power.
Narmer DT: Designed as if 6 mastaba-like
DT: Narmer on both sides of palette stacked upon each other.
combines profile views of his head, Ideas: Believe that they were creating a
legs, and arms with front views of stairway to the sun god Ra. House
his eye and torso. for the ka.
Ideas: To ensure safety and happiness in
the afterlife.

Great Pyramids, Gizeh

p. 62
Diagram of a Mastana Tomb Figure 3-8
p. 59 D: ca. 2500 BCE
Figure 3-3 P/S: Old Kingdom
D: ca. 2500 BCE L: Gizeh, Egypt
P/S: Egyptian Early Dynastic Period F: Giant monuments for the dead
F: Egyptians buried their dead here. pharaohs. Pharaoh buried within the
D/T: simple tomb with four sloping sides pyramid.
and an entrance for mourners. Shaft M/T: huge pile of limestone
connects chamber to outside. D/T: giant monuments. Each pyramid
Ideas: obsession with the dead. Spirit of had an enjoining mortuary temple.
Ka will live on in the afterlife. Each side oriented to a point on a
compass.
Ideas: symbols of the sun.

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AP Art History
Chapter 3 Q-Cards: Ancient Egypt
Great Sphinx
D: ca. 2500 BCE
P/S: Ancient Egypt: Old Kingdom
A: Unknown
Pa: Pharaoh (Khafre?)
L: Gizeh, Egypt
F: Tomb in order to protect King’s
remains. Symbolizes absolute &
godlike power.
DT: Joins the body of a lion with the
head of a pharaoh. Associated with
the sun god, (honoring sun god?)
Ideas: Combines human intelligence
with the strength and authority of a
lion.
Khafre, from Gizeh
p. 65
Figure 3-12
D: ca. 2500 BCE
P/S: Old Kingdom
L: Egyptian Museum, Cairo
F: symbol of a united Egypt in the
interlocking of lotus and papyrus
plants at the base.
M/T: diorite
D/T: idealized features and body. Falcon
god Horus is behind Khafre,
protecting him, frontal symmetrical,
rigid, motionless, cubic.
Ideas: statue of eternity. Strict Egyptian
canon of proportions.
Menkaure and Khamerernebty
D: ca. 2500 BCE
P/S: Ancient Egypt: Old Kingdom
A: Unknown
Pa: Menkaure and Khamerernebty
L: Menkaure’s Valley Temple
F: Substitute homes for the ka of the
pharaoh and queen.
DT: Sculptor reveals queens curves of
her body under her garment. Rigid,
Stiff.
Ideas: Substitute homes for the ka of the
pharaoh and queen. Posture
suggests timeless nature.
Seated Scribe
p.66; Figure 3-14
D: ca. 2500 BCE
P/S: Old Kingdom
F: sculpture for a mustaba
D/T: wooden sculpture with sagging
chest and realistic rather than
idealistic. Color remains. Attentive
expression, thin, angular face.
Ideas: Egyptian Realism
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AP Art History
Chapter 3 Q-Cards: Ancient Egypt
Ti Watching a Hippopotamus Hunt
D: ca. 2500 BCE
P/S: Ancient Egypt: Old Kingdom
A: Unknown
Pa: Ti
M/T: Limestone
L: Mastaba of Ti, Saqqara, Egypt
F: Limestone Relief to decorate the
interior walls & ceilings of the
tombs of wealthy families.
DT: Traditional Composite View.
Hunting scene
Ideas: Triumph of good (Ti) over evil
(Seth). Hippos represent
destruction of crops. Metaphor for
triumph over the forces of evil.
Head of Senusret III
P.69
Figure 3-18
D: ca. 1800 BCE
P/S: Middle Kingdom
L: Egyptian Museum, Cairo
F: reflect period of unrest
D/T: Moody look in the eyes and mouth.
Depressed instead of heroic, firm
chin, folds of flesh between brows
and corners of nose and mouth.
Ideas: pessimistic mood in the Middle
Kingdom. Realism.
Mortuary temple of Hatshepsut
D: ca. 1500 BCE
P/S: Ancient Egypt: New Kingdom
A: Senmut (?)
Pa: Hatshepsut
L: Deir el-Bahri, Egypt
F: Shrine provided the ruler with a place
for worshiping their patron gods
during their lifetime and then
served as temples in their own
honor after death.
DT: Integrated into natural setting, three
colonnaded terraces connected by
ramps on the central axis.
Ideas: Reliefs depicts Hatshepsut’s
divine birth.
Hatshepsut with offering jars
p. 72
Figure 3-22
D: ca. 1500 BCE
P/S: New Kingdom
L: Deir-el-Bahri, Egypt
F: portray Hatshepsut as a male king
D/T: holding globular offering jar in
each hand. Hatshepsut is wearing
royal male nemes headdress. Figure
is anatomically male.
Ideas: male imagery of a woman
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AP Art History
Chapter 3 Q-Cards: Ancient Egypt

Temple of Ramses II
D: ca. 1500 BCE
P/S: Ancient Egypt: New Kingdom Akhenaton
Pa: Ramses II D: ca. 1380 BCE
L: Abu Simbel, Egypt P/S: Ancient Egypt: Amarna Period
M/T: Sandstone Pa: Akhenaton
F: proclaims Ramses II greatness by L: Temple of Aton Karnak, Egypt
placing 4 colossal images of M/T: Sandstone
himself on the temple F: Pharaoh claimed to be the son & sole
DT: Stiff rigid eternal prophet of Aton.
Ideas: Power and eternal being would DT: Effeminate body Curving contours
never die off Long face Full lips Heavy-lidded
eyes Weak arms Narrow waist
Protruding belly Wide hips Fatty
thighs.
Ideas: Declared Aton the only god Sun
disk is sexless so is he.

Hypostyle Hall, Temple of Amen Re

p. 75
Figure 3-26
D: ca. 1200 BCE
P/S: New Kingdom
L: Karnak, Egypt
F: glorify Egypt’s rulers Nefertiti
D/T: massive columns and roofed by p. 78
stone slabs, central columns are 66 ft Figure 3-33
high and capitals are 22 ft in D: ca. 1300 BCE
diameter. P/S: Amarna Period
Ideas: raising the roof’s sentral section L: Tell-el-Armana, Egypt
created a clerestory. Permits sunlight F: portray Akhenaton’s queen
to enter in the interior. M/T: Painted Limestone
D/T: long-ellegant neck, realistic face,
deliberately unfinished
Ideas: Idealistic image of a women.

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AP Art History
Chapter 3 Q-Cards: Ancient Egypt
Queen Tiye
D: ca. 1380 BCE
P/S: Ancient Egypt: Amarna Period
Pa: Queen Tiye
L: Gurob, Egypt
M/T: Wood, with gold, silver, alabaster,
and lapis lazuli
DT: Relaxation of artistic rules. Shown
as an older woman with lines in
her face heavy eye lids
Ideas: Dark yew wood was chosen to
match her complexion
Akhenaton and his Family
p. 79
Figure 3-35
D: ca. 1300 BCE
P/S: Armana Period
L: Tell el-Armana, Egypt\
F: portray an informal perspective of
Akhenaton and his royal family
M/T: Limestone
D/T: sunken-relief style stele. Curves
instead of rigid lines, prominent
bellies. Pharaoh, wife, and three
daughters. Aton the sun disk.
Ideas: Royal Intimacy
King Tutankhamen (Death Mask and
Inner Coffin)
D: ca. 1380 BCE
P/S: Ancient Egypt: Amarna Period
Pa: King Tutankhamen
L: Thebes, Egypt
M/T: Gold with inlay of enamel and
semiprecious stones.
F: Expressive of Egyptian power, pride,
& influence.
DT: Innermost of 3 coffins1/4 ton of
gold Semiprecious stones (lapis
lazuli, turquoise, &
carnelian)Godlike (portrays
Tutankhamen as Osiris)
Ideas: Housed the ka protected the body
in order to have a happy afterlife.
Last Judgment of Hu-Nefer
p. 81
Figure 3-39
D: ca. 1300 BCE
P/S: Amarna Period
L: Thebes, Egypt
F: represent final judgment of deceased
M/T: Painted Papyrus scroll
D/T: formality of stance, shape, and
attitude of traditional Egyptian art.
Ideas: Narrative, Composite view
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AP Art History
Chapter 3 Q-Cards: Ancient Egypt

Temple of Horus
D: ca. 237–47 BCE.
L: Edfu, Egypt
DT: Tradition of Egyptian formal / style
continues Reliefs depict Horus &
Hathor Basic pylon temple plan
Impressive entrance Broad
surface of a massive façade
sloping walls.
Ideas: Would protect the city entrance to
some afterlife? Shows how
traditions is very important.