Russelle H.

Guadalupe IV-Maxwell

2-Ethoxyethanol, also known by the trademark Cellosolve or ethyl cellosolve, is a solvent used widely in commercial and industrial applications. It is a clear, colorless, nearly odorless liquid that is miscible with water, ethanol, diethyl ether, acetone, and ethyl acetate. As with other glycol ethers, 2-ethoxyethanol has the useful property of being able to dissolve chemically diverse compounds. This is an ideal property as a multi-purpose cleaner and therefore 2ethoxyethanol is used in products such as varnish removers and degreasing solutions.

Molecular formula

C4H10O2

Molar mass
Appearance Density Melting point

90.12 g/mol
clear liquid 0.930 g/cm , liquid -70 C
3

Boiling point
Solubility in water

135 C
miscible

2-Mercaptoethanol is used to reduce disulfide bonds and can act as a biological antioxidant by scavenging hydroxyl radicals (amongst others). It is widely used to reduce proteins, preventing protein oxidation and denaturing ribonucleases. However, 2-Mercaptoethanol is considered a toxicant, causing irritation to the nasal passageways and respiratory tract upon inhalation, irritation to the skin, vomiting and stomach pain through ingestion, and potentially death if severe exposure occurs.

Molecular formula

C2H6OS

Molar mass
Density Melting point Boiling point

78.13 g/mol
1.11 g cm 100 C 157-158 C
3

Lipoic acid, also known as alpha-lipoic acid, is a sulfur-containing fatty acid. It is found inside every cell of the body, where it helps generate the energy that keeps us alive and functioning. Lipoic acid is a key part of the metabolic machinery that turns glucose (blood sugar) into energy for the body's needs. It is an antioxidant, which means that it neutralizes naturally occurring but harmful chemicals known as free radicals. Unlike other antioxidants, which work only in water or fatty tissues, lipoic acid is unusual in that it functions in both water and fat.

Molecular formula C8H14O2S2 Molar mass Appearance 206.33 g/mol yellow needle-like crystals

Solubility inwater

soluble in ethanol, sodium salt is soluble in water

Master 4

Veteran 3

Apprentice 2

Novice 1

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