ngufhd a mQr xgjf

tyuR fdfhd iy

bk. nrJ uhkf

cslf
KDiu
maha 1
vjfhf j mQr xgjf?
maha-2
bghUshjhu H bjhlfijahF
maha -3
mbkf rh moikjdkhf khW
maha-4
EhW jiyKiwfSF gh ..mjF nkY bjhlU
maha-5
mQ r mQ FL
maha-6
mQ iyaf - ciwaitF cikf
maha-7
mQ ciy gJfSfhd Foik HL rl 2010
maha -8
uhQtkakhF ah
maha - 9
#gh mQ ciy gJ - ghl ff kWF ah
Jizwit

KDiu
TlFs mQ r ciyfis vJ ukhd nghuhl bjhl ljl
flj y khjfshf eilbgW tUwJ. j nghuhlij Fiyf jLJ
Wj vjidnah rf nfL bfl Kaf muR ju nkbfhsgL
tUwd. J ma rf ifTfsh eho tsia Kll eljgL
nghuhl vW Kj bghurhu flJ lglJ. mJ gadfhJ nghfnt
mLj Mjkhf xWF cjthj rlrig khd awglJ . mkhd gfJ
khy Tl vj rydij VgLjhJ vgJ bI muRF bjahjJ my. mj
khd thdkh nghdJ mLjjhf nghJ Kdh FoauRjiytU mQr
Phkhd mJ fyhik Vsd. mt dky 4 gffSF cgnjrK
Phd mUSiu tHsh. mj ehF gffis RUdh xnu t
ehil l eh Kaky. vdnt ehL Kndw ntLkhdh ahf brf .mt
ehL vW F btW yguig Fliy. mt ehL vgJ kfis L
ahUila eyid FLwh vgij thrff jidnf L Lnwh.
fyh J tiu eho Kndwij negtuhf isa rKjha ya
ehafuhf elkhosh. VwjhH eLju kW nkLFo isa jiyKiwd
Kkhahf fJ tUwh.Mdh dtf RlgLnghnjh F#uh Kf
J bfhiybt jhFj eljglnjh kwJ Tl vj FuY bfhLfhjt,
tWik bfhLikdh trhfjbfhiyf gy yrfis jho Tl
vj ftiyia bjfhjt. mnj rka r_f ajhj eho mua
bfhiff tiw vyh bghUgLjhJ j eg fLikahf ciHjh
Knd lyh vw fgiHa clik tf fUa gugiy nkLFo
FHijflK isPfl mUikahf gu tUgt.a Mahsf j
fUJ gugYF fyhikna bgJ mtf eUjd mt fUa xJ
lgJ vd? mglkhd Raey jegthjjh . t Vfdnt _ lF
eLju tf mgthj fdfSF ehL tyuR Mf xbthU fd fhQf
vW cUnt tsjtjh fyh. fyh xU mQ r mayhs vw tif
mtl vj r_f ghit Ujiy .. mQ FL jahJ btof brJ m
eho Kndwij fltuy mt. .mtl ntW vij vghf Ko?.j
mQ r FJ mjd FJ f thf j FW Eh myRwJ .mbkf
mQ r xgjUJ bjhlF j FW M mQ r nd
kiwUgJ a tyuR fdjh. a MStff thf
fdfSF mojs mikgnj mQ r lf vgij Wt KawJ .
eilbgW mQciy v nghuhlkhdJ ahakhdJ vgij J bfhs cj
vw eifl EhYF gangh.

W mbkf mg Xghkh a tUif

a mbkf mQr
xgjij W brJ lJ.Jtiu UJ midJ mua ff gkhJ
v ehlf KoJ mkYF tJ lJ.j xgjij mkgLj mjF
Jizahd mQr HL rlK eilKiwF tJ lJ. HL rl go vj
ehodU 1500 nfho %ghia Jh vJ L mQr jahnwh vw bga
mQffis fa L a kfis nlhL gy jiyKiwfSF mJ
lyh .ij vJ ngdhny eho Kndwij jilahdtfshf xJ j
lyh.
mQr xgj nghlglUJ elj ffis ftgtf xU aij V
W bfhs Ko .mbkfh jdF rhjfkhd xgjij vgo mjid vig
rkhJ mkgLJwJ ,vff vgobayh v ehlf Mod vgij
J bfhs Ko . mogJ ngh mo eh mGtJ nghy mGnw;d vw ehlff
elJ KoJ ld.mbkfhit vJ mfhu tkhd lJ rhf cg vj
ffS bragl KoahJ bj gl %fgLsJ.
mQr jahfhlh cyfs jikgL Lnth.mQrjh xU eho
tsF mogil vbwyh knkhf Jt fhu gthuhf
brhtbjyh
fyglyhj
bghfshF.tWF
vj
mogil
iy.MjhufS iy. ah jdJ tyuR fdit iwntWtjfhf vj
msF brY vgjF j xgj xU vLJfhL. mbkfh
Tlhahf bjfha KGtij Mo gilf Mf bra j xgj
_y KGikahd fLflfhj thf btl bragl bjhl L vg
ahUF khW fUJ Uf KoahJ.mJbjfha ehLf jdJ Mf
bfuhd rfis neuoahf xLf bjhl csJ.yif ghr muRl izJ
Ljiyfis mjUJ j ntfK Jryhd kndhghtK Tosij
czu Ko.bdhU gf ah mua Rju gnghF, mbkfh
moik ehlhf khL . vj nfhzY f mghafukhdnj j xgj
.mQria
Mftkhd
gaghoF
gagLj
Ko
vw
thjK
KitfgLwJ . D y uah mQ ciy KnghfhdJ kw eho
nghfhdJ vbwyh ng wd..mQFL ntW mQr ntW vW xU kd
ij nehah kLnk Tw Ko.j uL btntwhdit vgJ mogil
xU khia MF.

maha -1

vjfhf j xgj?

j xgjij Knl ehL KGtJ fLikahd v nghuhlf

eljgld.fhu muR ffglJ.MdhY kWgo MF tj fhu vj
fhf lhoahf xgjij mkgLJt u fhoaJ?
mQr xgj mQ cg trfis uhQt gaghobfd Foikgagho
bfd (r cg cl ju gaghLfSF ) J bragLJtJ vW V
WbfhLsJ.JlmQr jah kW Foik braghLfSF
gagLJtij rtnjr mQr Kfik ffhF cgLJtJ vW V
WbfhsgLsJ.
ts fLikahd vfis V xgj ? Jtiu yhjgo ah V
rtnjr ffhF cgL bfhs ntL?j vyh nffSF xnu
g ah tyurhf ntL vw nehfjh.

tikahd ahUJ tyuir neh

RjukiltjF Kdjhfnt, ah Mfhjh,Jt mila ehLfshd bj
F Mah KGikF jdJ brthif gLJtJ gooahf xU kly tyurhf
cUthFtJjh
mj
yakhf
UjJ.ulh
cyfnghUF
d,fhyahfnghuhlf Rl elJ bfhoUj iy l
gydkhdJ.mNiy ah oZ fhyahf UFnghnj(1946)
#tAyh neU Tdh ` iwa ah cy fbga r thj ehF
ehLf xwhf fwJ..kw _W ehLfshtd mbkfh,uaha kW dh.Mdh
tsfSl xlh dhit l ahnt mf ts thjJ. jid bjhlJ
d xU gFahf Uj bg jyh yhkh kW bgsj Jwf jiyik
meho khnth f muir vJ sia bjhld.bg Rjuij
MjgjhfT
muid jdJ _if EiHjJ.l Jhjuf Uj
l mnj mYtyf ah Jhjuf mikfglJ.nj ngh dF
ahF viyu idia oJ tUnghnj dhF vuhf fLikahd
miffis
L
uidiankY
fyhaJ.rirFa
gFf
xUfl ah gilfis mDajh UehLfSFil jf Koahk
ngh _lJ.ngh ah njhailjJ midtU mj xW. ahdngh njhailjF a ju fhuzf Muhagld.mnghJ
csJiw rahf bragliy vw fhuzK miwa mfhutfdh
KitfglJ.mjd a MS tff thf yafSF V
g csJiwia flikJ m u ftd brYjglJ.
uh fh fhy tikahd ah vw urhu bjhl lJ. bjfha
ehLf
MfSbfuhd
sfis
xLFtJ,jdF
goahj
MfSbfuhf fyffis JhLtJ,Kojh(tfnjrij jJ nghW)

ehilsgLJtJ nghw eltoiff KL lgldjbfd uh

neuofLgho uh (RAW) cs Wtd KGikahf aaJ.d,nrha
uah Fd,cyfkakhf nghJ a MS tffS mtfsJ
ufshd MahsfS tyuR fdit CbgUd.tyu cehoahd
mQFL jah ntiyf bjhld.jid bjhlJ U Kiw mQ FL
btoJ nrhjidf eljglJ ehlj la.

tyuRfd jhkf ah?

tyuR ehL vgJ gyUF khia yUF xU tif nghij csJ .Kj mij bj
gLJtnth.tyuR vwhny gydkhd ehLfismoikgL
RuLtJ,xLFtJ
,gilbaLJ MugJ mehLf xLFKiw muRfSF Vnjrfhu muRfSF Jiz
gJ nghwtiw bjhlJ nkbfhS .iwF t y Kiwf khsd.mit
Rul bghUshjuh xgjfis gydkhd ehLfSl nghLbfhL mtiw kiwKfkhf
fhyfshf itUgJ kW fl mJ meho Rarh bghUshjhuij mgJ
nghwitahd fhy khwnfg khsd.jdh tyuR ehL vgnj cyf kfsh
mUtUJ btWfgL xW.mbkfh cyf KGtJ cs kfsh btWfgLtJ j
fhuzfshjh.cyf KGtJ btWfToa tyuR fUaiy a kf
fUayhf vgo khaJ? bjhlJ guiu brjj _ykhfjh.MS tff
Mirnfg
ilj
fjhehafjh
mJ
fyh.aghf
mtl
mikUj
MStff fUaiy
mgona isPf fUayhf fdthf khWtjF
gagLjglh.nkLFo isPf FHijfl ah vfhyij fL
yhJnghd fyh ah tyurhf fd fhz xbthU isPD RaeyDl Kndw
fd fhQf vW bjhlJ urhu brjj is tyuRfd tsJlJ.

eF cj Xeh
a Mahsf tyuR Miria J bfhl mb kfh mjF cjtjhf
mfhutkhf mjJ.mbkf muR bray fnlhrh iu Tdh, J
mfhutkhdJ,21 Ehwho ah cy xU bga rahf khl cjtnj
mbkfh bfhifahF.mbkfh iu Ta fUij mbkf JhJt nl
KnghL a muRF bjjh.knkhf muR tyuR MtjF mbkfh Ta
mjid
gjidfis
xgjfis
Nrfkhf
VWbfhL
mtiw
eilKiwgLj JtaJ.kiwKfkhf mbkf rhig KGikahd mbkf rhghf kh
dh.jfhfnt a-mbkf ghJfh xgj nghlglJ.mj xU gFna ambkf mQr xgjkhF.

maha 2

.bghUshjhu

H bjhlfijahF

mbkfhl mQr xgjij intdh mjdh ahF yhg vw

thjf KY fyglkw bghfns.xgj 2005 Unj 5 MLfshf K
itfgL FHgkhd ngR thijf gaKWJw bjh Eg gjf mogilahd
rafis
kiwwd.a
bghUshjhuF
VglnghF
bgU
H,iwahikna gnghF mua d ,gy nfho kfis tWik M L
a uhhQtfhd Mj wFk jbfyh nkyhf ekF vfhy
rjdUF mQr cg VgLjnghF gh-tiw kiwwd.
ehoF iwa rhu njitmjF mQ r bjh Egij lh ntW t
ilahJ. mjfhd _ybghU nua e eho iy.nuaij mju
mbkfh nkiy ehLfS rkf ntLkhdh j xgjij brnj
MfntL.mQ ria jahf lh e ehL j L.cyf ehLfUJ
jikgL Lnth vbwyh j xgfhd Mjuthsfsh K itfgL
tUwd. J ms Tl cikf iy.fhyfhykhf mQr fHdh j
bghurhu bragL tUwJ.nghJ ah rhu cg 1,26,839 bkfh
th. yf kW bgnuha bghUf _y ilF md rhu 66
GfhL,mizf kW fdh cg bragL d rhu 26
GfhL,Na r kW fhwhiy nghw tf ilF rhu 5 GfhL mQ
ciyf _y bgwgL rhu btW 2.5 GfhLjh.
tU 20 MLf mQ r msit 6 Gfhlhf mff ntLkhdh mj
F njitgL KjL kL 50 Mu nfho %gh MF.nghJ Na r ,fhwhiy
nghw KiwfSF muR xJL bjhif btW 600 nfho %ghjh.mnyna mit 5
GfhL rhuij jJ Lwd.nghJ mQ rF muR xJF bjhif 3897
nfho %gh.Mdh mit jUtJ 2.5 GfhL rhu jh.
nf nua nghJkhd ms iy vgJ muR lL mF jtwhd
jft.mLj 40 MLf rhu kW mQ Mj cgF njitgL
nuaij nghw _ybghUshd njha
25 Mu bk lfSF nkyhf
csJ.cynyna MnuahF mLjgoahf eljh Rkh 3 yr ms lf
ms njha csJ.ij itJ 35 yr bkfhth rhu jahfyh.jfhd bjh
Egij KGf KGf eKila mayhsf cUthahW.ij mLj 40
MLf KGikahf bragLJtJjh mQr Jiw itUj l.mij
FiygJjh mbkfh nehf.
nghJs mQr Jiw lgo D 25 MLf 90 Mu nfho %gh
brylhY eh jahfnghF mQ rhu bkhj njit 9 Gfhil

vlhJ.mbkfhl xgj nghlh xU mQ ciyia khF bry

mfF .mQ ciy Wl 9 nfho brythF.knkhf cuthjkF 20
Mu bkfhth mQ rhuF brylnghF bjhif 20 yr nfho .mjhtJ xU xU
bkfhth rhu jahf MF bry j xgj go 10 nfho %gh MF. M
wiy gagLdhY fhwhiyia gagLdhY eh Vuhskhd rhu jahf
Ko.khya gFUJ kL thW ML njhW 1.5 yr bkfhth rhu
jahf aY.Muh MwiygagL 50 Kj 60 Mu bkfhth rhu
jahf Ko.Na ria gagL rhuh jahgJ mQ Mwiy gagL
rhu jahgij l bry FiwthdJ f ghJfhghdJ.eh vj ehoF mo
ga ntoaiy.mgoUJ V knkhf muR mQ r xgjij iwnt
WtJ FJ V mtru fhLwJ? j rabkyh MahsfSF bjahjh vW
mghjdkhf nf nfwhf.cik kw Mjhufis gagL Mw
jahf Ko vgjyh mtfSF bjahjjy.mQ r jahgJ vw nghit
mQ FL jahgjfhd g <LgLtJ vgJjh mtf nehf. J FJ
d tU mahaf fhngh.
mQ ciy jahF rhu mlf iy ntW vj t jahF rhuij
l mf jh .J kf jiyjh wF .mQ r tJ lh ehL tyuR M
L vw fdY nghijY jF a nkLFodU eLju tf bgU
gFdU ij VW bfht.j goj tfd kw kfis VWbfhs
itgjfhd urhu wFt vgJ eh vbfhs UF bdhU mgha.j
xgjij bjhlJ mbkfh 25 mQ ciyf a flfiuf Wlgl
csd.uh cl kw Inuha ehLfSl ngR thijf eilbgW
tUwd.kAhuhZouh U mQ ciyfis Wl uh eho mg nfhy
rnfh ahF tUj nghJ xgjf ifbaGjhsd.

maha 3

mbkf rh moikjdkhf khW

mbkfhl brJ bfhl ghJfh xgj xU gFna j mQ r xgj

vgjh a iwahik gnghF mgha csJ.Kjyhtjhf j xgj cyf
ehLf rl jufgonah myJ rtnjr mQ r bjhlghd rlf myJ
clghLfgonah awgliy.mbkfh flj 1954 Mo mQ Mw
rlgo mjGs 123 go cUthfgljhF.jdhj xgjkhdJ 123
xgj vW miHfgLwJ.mbkfh flj 2006 aa iA vw rl

Gs gjidfSF fLgl ntL. iA rl j xgjij KGikahf

fLgLJ .nghJ xgj (iA rlgo) fis fhngh.

iA rlFgL
fLgLJ

mbkfh
awnghw a rlf,Ujf midJ ahit

j xgj 40

MLfSF bragL

xgj
bjhl xuhLF mbkfh ij KJbfhtjF t tFFwJ.mgo
KJ bfhSgr ah VgL el gy Mu nfhofis jhL.j
mghaij jl KGikahd moikgL lf ah Ko brJ mbkfhit
kdnfhzhk elf midJ xgjfis braJt lJ.rg xghkh tJ
mbkfhF njitahd midJ xgjfis ifbaGL L brwJ
idUfyh.

mj
vbghU ,bjhEg cl mQ r cgF njitahdtiw Ug bg
Wbfhtj F mbkf muRF cik csJ.

mQfU
vbghU RH KG xJiH mfgl khlhJ .mbkfh vnghJ ntLkhdhY
vj bjhEgF jil fyh.khwhf bjhEg wFk uil gaghL
bjh Egij bgWtjF jil fgLsJ.

MLbfhUK
iw mbkf mg mbkf Foau K ah iA rlgo elJ bfhwJ vd
edlij rhj mJ xj bgw ntL.

mbkfh U
ju xgjij KJ bfhlh wehLfUJ ah vbghU kW bjhEg
cjf bgw KoahJ.j xgj mij jLwJ.

ah
btw bfhif mbkfh eyfSF cgnl Uf ntL.mjhtJ
Rjukhd btw bfhif filofgLtij iA rl jil brwJ.

btw

bfhifF

xJiHf

ntL

vd

nkgo

mbkfh
xgj

tWJwJ.jgo <uhDl brJ bfhl FHh tahd vth xgjij ah

uJ brjJ

ghJfh
vw
bga mbkf ffhghsf e ehoF jF jil tUif jJ ciyf
braghil ffhf KG cik mbkfhF cL .mjfhd bryit ah muR
VWbfhs ntL.j _y mbkf ffhghsf vw nghit mbkf
mu csthf jF jil brW tu eho fjf wJ lgLwd.
Mah jdJ nkyhfij Wl mjfhd moahshf ahit al j
xgj.nkF Mah <uhF mLJ <uh jiyLtJ,Hfhah
tlbfhahit ga itgJ, ka Mah jhf fLofgLs vbz
tsfis j fLghoF bfhL tUtJ,Mfhid fLghoF bfhL
tUtJ it midF nkyhf,dhit ah _y uo ga
itgJ,myJ dhF rtyhf sFtJ Ma nehffis Kjikahf bfhnl
mbkfh j xgjij brJsJ.frij F njho ijJ l dh
Mah jdF rtyhf tsJ tUtij rkhfnt ahit uhQtahf
jDl izJ bfhLsJ.mbkfh Mahit KGtJ Mf brtjF V
w tif a tifY uhQt
tY ah mikJsJ.Mah jdF fLglhj ehLf J ngh bjhLgj
F VJthf gilfis WJtjF uhQtd isghWtjF jskhf ahit
khw idwJ.mbkfh vw mQ Mj nghfg bridF tjJ
mj fg jsgf kW ghf isghaJ j gnrhjid Kana.
RUfkhf brhdh mbkfh nghrfu ah xU JUghf
izJsJ. mbkfh v ehLf ahit v ehlhfnt ghF
Niy VgL.njitaw Kiw giftfis rghgnjhL mbkf v
gafuthf jhFjYF cshF.Jbtyh xgj xU gfnk .J tiu
bttuhj bdhU gfij F fhngh.

maha -4

EhW jiyKiwfSF gh ..,mjF nkY bjhlU

mQ r vgnj xU khiaahF.f mf Kjo f Fiwthf ilF c
gjh mQ r MF.Fiwthd cg kj cfSF w
cdfSF aifF VglnghF f fLikahd gh kl KoahjJ,f
gidF vlhjJ.mQ r cg f bfhoa f af cUthwJ.xW
myJ uL jiyKiwfSnfh myJ y gJ jiyKiwfSnfh my gy EhW

jiyKiwfSF ghF.it ifgLjgl mr_L guf my.cyf

KGtJ ma ahf %fglit.mQ r cg j fit
jf KoahJ vd mbkfhitnrj m#& k# jiyikyhd
mayhsf FGd mQ f yf vw Eh TWwd.
mQ r cg mQ f af ijg ahuhtJ mQJiw rhj zfl
nflh mtf jU sfdh cf jiy Ko xW Tl rhJ.vikahf
kf ahU ij J bfhs TlhJ vgJjh mtf nehf ju
ntbwhWiy . mgo kf J bfhlh kf vidia mtfsh jhf
KoahJ.nghJ mQ r cg FJ J bfhnth.
rahf brhdh 20 Ehwho Kj KgjhLf mayPf mQ
a FJ ma Jtd. 1932 n# rh vD oZ mayP
mQ uh vD W Jf Ugij fLojh.1930 f KGtJ mQit
jhFtdh vd isf VgL vgij flt bryld.mfhy
fl
xU
mQit
jhanghJ
mJ
ulhf
sgLtij fljd.ij flj Ma mP iy bkd mjF
mQs
vW
bgalh.mj
mQs
vd
eilbgWwJ
vgij tirahf fLofgld. xU mQs eilbgWnghJ uL
uhf
bttUwd.bttUnghJ
U
uhfS
mQsit
clhFtjh 4 uhf mUJ swd.go bjhlahf j is
go bjhlwJ.jfhd neu fFiwthdJ.xU beho 5 nfho xU gF
neuF mQs eilbgWLwJ.Mifah VuhskhdMw FWa neu
F b tgLwJJ jh mQ Flhf khwglJ.
mnghJ ulh cyfngh bjhla fhyfl.nkfa ehLf jj tikia
Wl a a Mjf fLof Kidjd.fLikahd nrjij isF
FLfis jahf ntL vW btgilahf bjf brjd.Kj
iAu# FLf vW d mQFL vW fLof nghlh ngho
eilbgwJtaJ.miwa mbkf mg %bt nkfa nerehLf X mQ
Fil jahf lh rthfh y mij jahJ Lth vW
mdh.1941 kAhl l vw bga mbkfh,l,fdlh kW uh
Ma ehLfis nrj mayhsf FG To thjJ.mLj Monyna 1942
org fhnfh ef xU isahL ikjhd mo ufakhf xU nua mQ
ciy mikfgL mnkbfhsgl nrhjid KaahdJ bt bgwJ.d
nuaij l Mw Fj bghUshd Snlha fLofglJ.jid
bjhlJ mQFL jah f mahtakhd bghUfshd SnlhaK
brlgl nuaK jahJ Ffgld.

1945#]iy mQ btonrhjid bknfh eilbgwJ.j bt f

kf J mj nrhjidia elj Kgld.1945 Mf 6ehsW kj Fytuyh
kwf kW kf Koahj Fwij fd.mWjh #gha efukhd
nuhkh J nua FL rglJ.3 eh fJ 9njaW Snlha FL
rglJ.j uL mQ FLfdhY U efufS rhg nklhd.uL
yr ng mlnyna fU rhgyd.mjDila faf isfsh d
wjtf xU yrng.W Tl #gh MLF 2 Mung mjDila
isfsh wJ bfhoUwd. ekJ raF tUnth .
Kj mQsnghJ btgl btgij njitawjhf fUjglJ.mij
gaghL mwJ vW mayhsf fUd. 1940tiu mQ ciyfis Snlha
kLnk jahf gagLd.mSnlha mQFL jahf gagLjglJ
vd brhynjitiy.j Niy 1940f fil kthd ijgot
vbghUfSF jLghL Vgl bjhlaJ .mnghJ mQ ciyf btahF
btg _y iu uhah mj_y RHfis RHy brJ rhu
jahfyh vd fLofglJ.
mQs bjhlahf eilbgWnghJ njhW btgjh NlhfgL,uhahf
khwgLwJ.mj uhia bfhL khbgU RHf RHybragLwd.m
RHf RHah a _y Mw cUthwJ.RHia RHybrj wF
muh fl kW e uh aF Fghdh L uhf khwgLwJ.m
L ciyfsF brYjgLwJ.mQ ciy ikagF Fj btgjh
cU L mghaF mQ ciy cUFj vW miHfgLwJ. Kakhd
FF FHh milgLnghJ myJ cilJ LnghJ ikagF btg
frkhd caJ L.mrkaf MgJfhy Fgh clnd ntiy bra
ntL.Mdh bghJthf it ntiy brtiy.mFghf jfuhW
brnghJ
v
bghU
FHhf
Kj
cUFwd.
vbghUns
cUFwJ.ikagFf KGtJ Nlhd faf thfsh NHgLwJ.cUa
vbghU
mGjjh
vwJ.uh
btoJ
s
TiuiacilJ
cUgitfis btna Jh vwJ.cUa nua gFia bghR
F wFwJ. cs khbgU faf mgha th tot UF mQ
s bghUfjh.
mQ ciyff xUwUf ,J jh mofox U mQ ciy gJf elgj
fhd thfis VgLJwJ. xU mQ ciy fit bghUjtiu mYs
faf gy Mu kfis bfhy Ko.

faf vwh vd?

iyaw mQf mQfUf xU iyahd lij mil KaY nghJ ,Vuhskhd

Mw f fhj miyfisnah,miuthf gwF mQJffisnah
btgLJ .Jnt faf vdgLwJ.mit ekF vthW iHwJ?mgo
mj mQJff btgLnghJ,vgL vytY CLU.mjF kj clY
yfy.ekJ cl cns j a Jff nghdl ekJ brfis
jhFwd. mbrf cs kuTWf neuoahf jhfgL nghJ ,ekJ clTW
ca l KGikahd ehrkilwJ. Wneh cl midJ bfhoa nehfS
cUthwd
fafij fzh ghf KoahJ.czu KoahJ.nff KoahJ.Efu KoahJ.mij
Ungh vW flisl KoahJ.gu lh mij czu KoahJ.mit kj
cl EiHJ Rfis mJ ku TWfis Vg ldjh bja tU.mj
F fhy flJ L.MQ ciy cUFtj _y faf gafukhf gu nguit
cUthF.
j faf f MgjhdJ.mj a 2,40,000 MLf tiu Tl kfhk
UF vd fzlgLsJ.nkY mJ c cs df kW cuw
bghUf vytY guwJ.gy EhW MLf fJ wf UF
FHijfis Tl J ghF.
faf gy nfho MLfSF Kdjhf UjJ.mit bkJthf
kiwaJta d, c njhaJ.MS tffS Vfhga ehLfS
mQ ciyfis Wj _y j gkhz tsia gy nfho MLf ndh
Ug KaYwh.
mQ ciy vwhny fafjh.faf mQ ciyf mQit sF
nghUJ bjhlFwJ.mij Fu itF fyJ m btna
wgLnghJ,jhD btna guwJ. vbghU fthd Snlha kW
nua Fj faf bfhlit. njitawit vd ijfgL ff
faf jik gy Mu MLf tiu mgona of ToaJ.mQ r c
g xbthU iyY j mQ faf jf KoahjJ.
mQ cg Kj iyahd nuaij Ruf njho vLFnghJ ( ah
nkfhyahYs nkF fh kiyf) VgL cffYs faf vjid
MLfhy oF?ffYs TWf Kiwna nuoa-226 ,kW njha-236
( J nghw vf mQTWf jjikia FLgit)njha cs fs
faf mj gh a kiwtjF 76000 MLf MF.ah vj Ruf
Kjyh ijg ftiyglnghwh?

mbkfh Ruf njho vLFnghJ Gj fJJLis 15 mizf

nrfJ itUjd.1955UJ 1977 MLfSF bjhlJ j mizf
cilJ nah anfh vw MW KGtJ fJLfUJ fj utkhdJ fyJ
MW KGtJ faf glJ lJ.mbkfhnyna jiyik vwh
ah vd elF? ff Figbjhonyh myJ flnyh bfhlglyh.
ulhtJ iy,mQ ciyYs ff 2 myJ 3 MLfSF d MF
njkhdfhf uhradf RffgLwd.ffSs faf TWf
uhoa-90(Strontium )a-137( caesium ) kW Snlha MF. uL
tif cs Snlha TWf Kiwna Snlha-239 kW Snlha-242
Mait csd. Kjtif Snlha gh a kiwtjF 2yrJ 40 Mu
MLfS ulh tif Snlha a kiwtjF 3,80,000 MLf
MF. tif Snla 10 Mu xU gif kj Rthjh kuzij
isfToa Wnehf cUthF.
ff uhrad ahf RffgL kWgo cgfhf nuaK
SnlhaK J vLfgLwd.iy fukhd faf bfhl
ff cUthwd. nua-236 TW cs fthdJ 48.4 a MLf
mahJ.Ys faf cs n#hoa ( jodium ) -129 vw T cs
fafkhdJ 30.14 a MLf tiu UF.ffis Rfj
uhradkhdJ ut fth L.mit bjhof bghJthf nrfgL.Ys
faf bjhofUJ fnjh btonjh gJf VgLtJ rtrhjhuzkhd
xW. mbkfh AhnghL gJ kW uah brndh gJ vd gy
KDjhuzf csd.

maha -5

mQ r mQ FL
mQ rahdJ mikahd gaghoFjh.mF my vW mQ r
jah mQ FL jah btntwhdit vW thLgtf D gy csd.
J KGikahd mahikna. uLF cs bjhlig F fhngh.
mQ ciyYs myJ mQ Mjnyh elfToa r bjhlidF
njitgL f Fiwj ms mQ r bghUis of kh
vnwh.Snlha 239 of kh y EhW uhfnsahF. mQs
mogil btoF MjfSF Snlha Rkh 3-5 nyh njitgLwJ.
vbghUtif,kW mQ ciy tif Snlhaij bfhL mQ
MjfisjahgJ rW uknkbaha Koahj fhaky. tif Snlha

jhJit bfhL jahfgl mQ MjfSF vLJ fhlhf uil Tw

Ko.1953 ML Mnuah btofgl 12 nyh l rila nlhl-1 vw
mQ Mj thW jahfglJjh.1962 ML bethlh gnrhjid ika
btofgl mbkf mQ Mj mQ ciy vbghUSfhd Snlha tifia
bfhnl cUthfglJ.
mQ ciyf gagLjgL Koj vbghU UJ kWRfnghJ
Snlha bjLfgLwJ.kW Rf bjhEg wjJnt uhQt
njitfSfhfjh.1944 MLmbkfh kAhl lUJjh j
l cUbtLjJ.j l xnu nehf mQFL jahgJ
kLjh.f Fiwj neunk vfgl vbghUfUJ uhQt mQciyf
J w jikl cUthfglJ. rhu jahf gagLjgL mQ ciyf
itfgL mQ v bghUshdJ mf neu fafF cshfgLwJ.v bghU
ewhf vJ btgij btna rhu jahf cjwJ.Mdh uhQt
ciyfdJ nehf rhu jahgjy.
F mQ vbghU Fiwj neunk fafF cshfgLwJ.thW brtjh
Snlha-240 nghw frL maf cgahtJ jfgL Snlha -239
mj Rjkhd iyf ilf VJthwJgagL Koj vbghUis nta
Y vu Y if bfhL nua kW Vida mQsjhJfY UJ
kWRf ciyf Snlhaij bt J vLwd.mQ Rf vw
bjhEg f mf ms fafij RWwF btLwJ.jdh fh
iw iu f mf ms khRgLJ xU bjhEgkhfnt csJ.
cynyna f mf ms gagL Koj mQ v bghUis kW Rf br
uL Snlha fbgf csd.mit yhJ ehoY buR ehoY
csd. KdJ yhnAh MoF 1600 bk l v bghUS dJ bryh~o
MoF 900 bk l v bghUS kW RfF
vLJ bfhsgLwd.gagL Koj j vbghUfUJ ruhrahf 1
GfhL Snlha bjLfgLwJ vW itjhY mLj 20 MLf j
ciyf uL Rkh 5 yr nyh Snlhaij cg brUF.
1995tiu cy mQ ciyf Rkh 10 yr nyh Snlha cgah
csJ.thW mQ ciyf UJ bjLfgL Snlha ms
tU fhyf kiynghy FanghtJ cW.mLj 20 MLf kLnk
cyfehLf bkhj Snlha cg 6 yr nyhthf UF. j msthdJ
ulh cyfnghUJ W tiu cyf ehLf uhQt njitfSfhf cg
bragl Snlhaij l uL klfhF.

flj 50 MLf kL cyf mfhutkhd mQ Mj ehLfshd

mbkfh,uah,uh yhJ kW dh Rkh 3 yr nyh Snlhaij cg
brJsd. mbkfh Uj 18 uhQt mQ ciyfSnk 1988 F _lgL ld.
Mdh,mjFshf mit Rkh 1 yr nyh mQ Mj tif Snlhaij 11000
nyh mQ ciy vbghU tif Snlhaij cg brJ oUjd. uah
13 uhQt mQ ciyfS nrJ 1993 Rkh 1,77,000nyh uhQt Snlhaij c
g brJ bjLUjd.mt W _W kLnk a bfhoUwd.
1995 UJ W tiu Rkh 20 mQ Mjf bjLfgLsd.j fhuz,mQ
Mjfsh gagL Mj tif Snlha ms bknkY caJ bfhnl
UwJ._W nkir fuo Snlhajh 900 nfho kfSF Wneh VgLj
Ko.Mdh xbthU mQ ciynk gyhufzfhd nyh
Snlhaij fthf cg brwd.thW ilj Snlhaij
ghJfhghf nrJ itf ayhJ.
ah Jtiu uhRlD uahlD mbkfhlD f#hjhDlD mQ r
ciyf mikl Jz xgj brJsJ.uhRl brJ bfhl xgj
go 1650bkfh th cg braToa 2 bk ciyf kAhuhouhYs b#j
mikf csJ.D 6 ciyf mikfgl csd.uahl 700 a mbkf
lhyf k 5 MLfSF mQ rfhd vbghU mgjF xgj brJ
bfhLsJ.mbkfhl b#du vby lh kW bto A vby
fbglD ca bjhEg bfh ciyF DbkhU ciyF xgj brJsJ.
bfha vby gt fhgnurDl nua bgWtjfhf xgj nkbfhLsJ.
ts MgJf UD V lhoahf mQ r ciyf JtFt Fj
Mt fhLwJ? mQr mQFL jah izjit vw fhuzjh
vgij brh bja ntoaiy.

maha -6

mQ iyaf-ciwa itF cikf

faf kj Fyij kLky.jcyfijn mF tyik

bfhlJ.j rjh nuhkh kW ehfrh efuf gy yrfzfhd

kfis bfhW rhgyhaJ.mnj r W rhu vLf
gagLwJ.vgo? nua vw cnyhfij vLJ mij RfJ
mUJ -235 faf nua vLfgL rhu cgF
gagLjgLwJ. nua vbghU vW miHfgLwJ.j mQ
sfgLnghJ gy faf bghUfS cnyhffS thfSbtahF.
m Kakhd a,Mfh-41,lh-35,brdh-133,mnaho-

131,fhg-14,mnaho-131,vw faf cnyhffS cgahwd.xU

Mo brdh-133 MdJ 80 nyh l tiuF 01 faf VgLwJ. xU
Mu bkfhth mQ ciy xU MoF 4 Mu fd l uhtf
ffis btLwJ.
f af bghUfis Mgh,fhkh kW lh vW fyh.Mgh kj

brfis mF.lh ff Wnehia cUthF.faf bghUf

gwJ fhf _yK gh _yK kjid tjil.jdh cl CdK
w FHijf wF.it Ruf nj d bgUf cWfis
jhF.bgfSF khgf W neh ,vY ,Eiupu Wneh kW ehsyh
Ruahd ijuho Wneh tu ttFF .
mbkfh iu Mlr rl go ( Price Anderson act ) mQ ciy

g ghfgltUF 49MuJ 266 nfhof el <lhf

mfgL.ah mfgL el<L ( a rlgo )btW 1500
nfhof mfgL (mf gr tu)
mQ r jah ,mQFL jah vW mQ rgjgl vjid

nfL bjJ bfhs KoahJ.ah jft cikrl jF

bghUjhJ. muR mYtyf ufa rl ( Official secrecy Act ) mQ
ciyf tUwJ. eho ghJfh rgjglJ vW vyhtUJ
yF mfgoUgjh ehlhSkw Tl Jiw rgjgl u
idfis vGg KoahJ.xU mQ ciyF myJ xU mQ FL nrhjidF
vts brytfgLwJ?l btah myJ njhah ghf vgij
eho Kj FokflUJ filFokf tiu ahUF bjJ bfhs
KoahJ.rlgona mjfhd cik iy. RUfkhf Tdh cynyna
fbga #dehaf MKiw F thzkhf wJ.
mQr ciyf mU tF kf fafjh fLikahf ghfgl

nghtJ tuyhW fl cikahF.fhyhYs ej mQ ciy

mU tF bgf 19 Mu ngUF Ru Wneh( lymphatic cancer )
fgig W neh flagLsj.mF g CafSF uj
Wneh _isW neh mfkhd j UjJ flaglJ.
#ghYs Tah bgRt RWw NH kUJ Muh iyaYs

Kidt #& Kwhnkhlh,jdJ mif mQ iya UJ tU

jhj ms cs fafjh ghfgltfSF Wneh gh
Fnuhnkhnrh m xU klF TL vwh.

 mbkfhYs uh gh mQ ciy cs f V RW

tlhu uj W neh 400 GfhL mfUgjhf CdKw

FHijf wgJ 22 GfhL mfUgjhf flagLsJ.
mJnghy brid fghf mQ iya mUnf tF kfilna 6
uf bfhltf vif f mfkhf fhzgLtjhf RWNH
MuhahsU kUJtUkhd kUJt M.unkZ TWwh.
mQ iya gJ myJ nfhshW VgLtJ frhjhuzkhd f
.gJ VgLgr vd bra ntL vd rtnjr gJiuf
mfgLsd.mjgo elJ bfhlh kLnk faf ghfis
Fiwf Ko .xU mQ iya gJ Vglh 140-170 . Rws cs
kf 24 k neu btnawgl ntL.fl gJiuf gwgl
ntL.
btnaw ntoa neu
6 k neu

RWw tF kf
-

2.5 .

12 k neu

5.25 .

24 k neu

25.75 .

48 k neu

75 .

go btnawgl kf 170 . nk cstf 3 MLF ,77

. tiu cstf 20 MLfSF dU jh tu Ko.
TlFsUJ ,ehfnfh 30 .lUFS JhJFo 40
.lUFsbjgJ FljfJ.

1963 zfgl tiuaiwgo mQ ciyUJ 16 . JhuF

cs efuf kf bjhif 10 MuF Uf ntL.40 . tiu
xU yrF Uf ntL.uah f go mQ iya
UJ bga efuf 35 . j Uf ntL.mbkf fzFgo 20
. JhuF kf bjhif cs efuf UfTlhJ. Mdh
TlFs ehfnfhUJ 30 . F UwJ.ehfnfh kf
bjhif (2001 fzbfL go) 2.5 yr.mJnghy fahFk
TlFsUJ 2.5 . bjhiy csJ. TlFs mQ iyaij
bghWjtiu fLghLf fhny gwf lgoUwd.

mQ iyaUJ cgahF rhu f iy cajjhF.fh

whiyUJ cgahF rhu iy xU oF 2.75md

iyaUJ cgahF rhu oF 6 %ghahF .Mdh mQ

iya KjLbryf,v bghU, fd ,v bghU
Rf,f mfWj,ciyia mj fhy Koj d,mfWj kW
ghJfh nghw bryf f mf vgjh xU oF 8 Uj 10 %gh
tNgJ jf KoahjJ MF.vW TWwh rhuJiw Muh
ahsU o ma fHf cWdUkhd u fajh.

ahYs mQr ciyf Vgl gJf

1976 - uh#jh fLkhdgf Vgl jtWfsh faf fyj dh
bts bgUF VglJ
1980 - brid fghf cs xU FHh s Vgl d faf
cs Jff fhzgld.
1988 - fghf fd f Vgljh bjhyhsf faf ghF
csdhf: mQ ciy _lglJ
1992 - uh#jh Ff gagLjgl bkhj 8 FHhf 4 ojJ.
1993 - enuh cilj lig nsLf ojjh cUF iy VglJ.
1994 - iffh fh bklh nghlgl nfhu nghw ( ) mik
flgL bfhoUjnghJ rJ GjJ
1999 - brid 4 lf vils fd f Vgljh bjhyhsf
faf ghF cshdhf.

1999 - jhuh ug FHhf nkhrkhdjh ciy cg ghfglJ.

2001 - uh#jh lig nsL Kid kGaJ,btgij jkhF fU
gy ug FHhfY f kW _of Ko l sf Vgld.
2009 - iffh bjhyhsf gUa Fo faf Ujjh 50
bjhyhsf tiu fLikahf ghfgLsd. Clf ij r vW mQ
ciy mfhf J bjhyhsf ftdFiwdh Vgl is vW
Td.ujk knkhf ftiygLtjF xWnk iy. J fa
fygljh vWshf .Wtiu ghfgl bjhyhsf bgafnsh
mtf cl iy gnah vj jftfS btlgliy.j f Fj
midJ jftfS ufakhfnt itfgLsd.

maha-7

mQ ciy gJfSfhd Foik HL rl 2010

Kj j rl bfhLtugLjfhd nehfUJ bjhlFnth.mQ

ciyf gJf kW faf ftJ jf ayhjJ MF.mJ d

fthf UjhY bgU gjhf UjhY gy Mu MLfSF ghf
bjhlU.RWNH gy Mu MLfSF f Koahjgo ghfgL
.cjhuzkhf e eho xU khy 3 myJ 4 mQ ciyf UJ mt
gJ Vglh mj khy ma mJnt nghJkhdJ.jdh el<il
gzjh kl KoahJ.Vbd midtU wjd ehnl _ykhd
d gzij zfSfh bfhLg?vdnt mQ ciyfns ntlh vW
KGikahd vgnj rahd iyaghlhF.Mdh vijnk yhg el
fzL Kiw mQF KjyhJ t rl ahafgo mQ ciy
gJfSF el<il mtf khJshf.ghfgltfSF
ghfis mtf fzFf go cikahf fzlh gy yr nfho
%ghF el<L mf ju ntoUF .mj bjhlahf mQ
ciyfis GJ _lgl ntoUF .Mdh vj Kjyh ij V
Wbfhth? mJ mbkfh mQ ciyf Kjyhf ij
mDkghfsh?el <L f Fiwj ms khfgl ntL.Fiwthd
ms khfgL el<il m ghia vj eho mQ ciy
khfgLwnjh mj ehL bfhLjhf ntL.yho,jf
KjLfSF vj ghJfh iy vd kWJ tjd.jidbjhlJ
jifa rl bfhLtugl ntL vW gy MLfshf a muir
tW tjd.mbkf mQ bjhrhiyf kf bjhlghs Xk v~
u flj org 2006 Kig elj tff Tl ngRnghJ
rlij tWdh.mbkfhitnrj bgUghyhd mQ ciyfUf
kW nua mF fbg Kjyhf j rlghJfh
ah KjL brJ bjh bjhlf KoahJ vW T tjd.flj
kh khj mbkfh bjF kW ka Ma tfhufSfhd muR
bray uhg ns xU ngonghJ ehf mQ HL rl iu
iwntW vW enwh.mJkLnkmbkf mQ fbgf bghWig
FiwF ah KjL bra CfkF vW Flh.Mf,j
rl mQ ciyfdh VgL ghfis jLgjfhfnth myJ

ghfgLgtfSF aha ilgjfhfnth bfhLtugliy vgJ

bj. j rlij fhngh.
j rl mQ ciyfSF fU _ybghUfis mgtf ( suppliers)kW

ciyfis aFgtf ( operators )vW ulhf wJ.mQ ciyf

VgL bgUgJfSfhd mfgr el<o tu 1500 nfho %ghahf
zfgLsJ. ghia ciyia aFgt ju ntL .F
aFgt a murhF .mjhtJ el<lhf kf tgzij ju
ntL.nj nghW mbkfh gJ fjh mFs iu Mlr
el <L rl go12.5 a lhyf ( 49,266 nfhof ) HL ju
ntL.mjhtJ a bjhifia l 33 klF mfkhf ju
ntL.btgilahf brhy ntLkhdh xU a ciu l
mbkf c k 33 klF cajjhF.j rlij midJ
ffS nrj iwnt ld. ijl a kfis nftygLj
Kokh?
Jl Wlhk eLt muRF aFe ju ntoa el <il 100 nfho

%ghahf FiwF mfhu tHfgoUwJ.

j rl mQr xGF thaF KaJtyhj mQ ciy

gJfis bjf ntoaiy vW mfhu mJsJ.mjdh vj

gij KaJtyhj a gJ vW T kiwJ mQ
ciy fbgfis fhgh lyh.
rl mQ ciyf aif ngldh ,mF Mjf _ykhf

nkh bfhtdh gJ fjh,gafuthj eltoiff,kW

cehLngh Matdh gJ fjh mtUJ aFgtUF
yF mwJ.
ghfgltf ufjh el<L nfh kD jhf brayh

.ghfgltf rhghf muR kD jhf bra KoahJ.

gJ elJ 10 MLfSF el <L nfhu ntL.mQ ciy gJf

ghf gy MLfSF bjhlU vgJ midtU mj xW .mgoUf

j rl fbgfis fhghwnt cUthfgoUwJ
eLt muR vj mQ ciyF j rlUJ yF mfyh.j

F sfnk njitiy.

 rl ika nehfnk el <il Fiwgjhf mjbfd mfgr

tuig zgjhf csjh mQ ciyf vj ghJfh fUfis

mik Kiwfis itJ bfhs ntLbkd Twiy.
mbkfh _W ik vw l fj mQ ciy g mij

Rj bra 1 a lhy brytfglJ.gh fj 30 ik Rwsit

Rj bra 14 MLf Md.gJ fjjh xusF ceho
faf guthk jLfglJ.nj ngh ah fjh gy gFf
mlahd kf bjhif bfhLsjh ghf idJ ghf Koahjgo
UF.j ms ia muR xJL brkh?aNiy jid
MLf Rj brtjF xJfglhJ mJ kL cldoahf
ykhjfnyh yehfnyh mQ cg bjhlfgL vgJ ra.
gJf g ngR rl gJf fj d VgL faf ff

FJ vJnk Twiy.mghafukhd ffis vd brtJ vgJ FJ

vJnk Twgliy.
Wahf a mua rl TW 21 c thG cuthjF j
rl KGikahfnt vuhdJ.el <L vw bga awgLs j rl mQ
ciy fbgfis mt gdhL Kjyhfis ghJfhfnt
bfhLtugLsJ.a kf c FJ vj mfiw iy vgJ
btgilahfnt csJ.

maha-8

uhQtkakhF ah
Wahf tyuRfdfhf uhQt kakhbfhoUF ahit fhngh.
Ys ntjid ntoif vdbtwh,midJffSnk ehil
uhQtkakhFtJ FJ uhQt fLghLl bksdnk rhwd. ehoYs 22
mQ ciyf 14 kLnk rtnjr mQr Kfik ffhF
cgLjgLsJ.s 8 ciyf mbkfh MfSl MLF 200 nyh
vils Mjfhd Snlha jahf vj jil iy.
ViH kfSF czbghUfis mF bghJnahfl
nfh,fnfh,Rfhjuhnfh,trhanfh ,r_f eylfnsh xJil
kWJ FiwJ tU a muR gy Mu nfhofis uhQtfhf brytJ
tUwJ.fh nghUnj ahthdJ Mj wFkF 25 a lhyfis
brytJsJ.D 5 MLfSF 30 a lhyfis brtf
lLsJ.mbkfh lnl jdJ MjfSfhf a rijia oJsJ.

ah Mj wFk lf Ah Vfizf (fgiy jhFgit) 170

a lhyfSF gKfjhFj ngh khdf kW 197 bAfhlfS
cslf.bjfha ms btlgL gy MtiffY mbkf
MtiffY Mj wFkf ah ka HYs r mnuahit
DFj dJl ngho nghLbfhL Kd
Ugjhf TWwd.mbkfh fhu M nrit ika 2005 btl mif
xgo cy bjYs bkhj ehLf bkhj wFk 30 a
lhyfshF. ah wFk kL 5.4 a lhyfshF .mjhtJ mjid
bjfha ehLf g 6 1 gfhF.j guK Fiwthd
kLfns.lhnAhYs mik Muh Wtdkhd ( ) jdJ 2007 Mo
Mlif flj 30 MLf cy bjF ehLf k ahjh Mj
wFk Kjl Ugjhf TWwJ.F ftfgl ntoa la.Mj
tf d bjF ehLfSF Mjfis VWk br mbkfh cl
nkfa tlF ehLfns vnghJ yhg mila Ko.bjfa ehLf elkiltJ
kL mt ML tUkhdK Mj ahghfSF brW LwJ. tsU
ehLfshd ViH ehLfSil vfhtJ nghnuh cehLsfnsh eilbgwhjh
Mj cgia ikakhf bfhLs mbkfh bghUshjhu iyUf Ko .
1970f vbz VWk br ehLf mikghd (opec )vbz iyia
jhfns khJbfhs KobtLjd.jdh ehLfSF vbz wFk
br ehLfUJ Vuhskhd lhyf ilF vW mj mbkfh mtUthia
jdJ ehoF Ul lL braglJ.70f r mnuahF Mir fho ngh
khdfis iy caj Mjfis wFk bra itjJ. miwF bjF
ehLf ka HF ehLfns Mj wFk Kjik tjd. jd, 198 0f
mbkfhYs Mj cg br gdhL fbgf VWk Mlf bgUf
ntLbkgjfhf mbkfhF <uhF ilyhd KughL bgjhfgL
tisFlh ngh eljglJ.mnj nghy ah dh kW ghjh Ma
ehLfSilyhd KughLf TikgLjgL tUtjF mua kW Mf
nehff UjhY Mj gidfhf it bfh lgLwd.

2 yrUJ nfhoia neh KndW jbfhiyf

iwF ah Kd cs Mj wFkahs vgij J bfhL mj
rijia ifgWtjfhf ah tyuR eghiria JhoL mjF
rfyjkhd cjfis branghtjhf mbkfh mJsJ.rg ekJ ehoF
tUif jj mg xghkh ah bgU rahf Vfdnt tsJ ljhf mJ
MS tff fdfis Jho L lh. bjfhah ah
thf nff ahU jhltkhlnghwJ.

Wahf,tyuR MtjF a kf vd iy bfhLfnghwhf? tWik

bfhLik jhfhk jfis khJ bfhtJjh mjfhd iy.1997UJ Jtiu 1
yrJ 80 Mu trhf tWikdh jbfhiy brJsd.Toa iu J
xU nfho Mfyh.tyuR fdfhd glF jahuhnth goa D KowhJ
S.

9.maha

#gh Rdh mQ ciy gJ

ghl ff kWF ah
#gh Vgl yeLfK Rdh mjidbjhlj mQciy gJ cyf
KGtJ fL mfis VgLsd.meho flfiuF mU Fkh mQ
ciy gJ 20 nyh l RwsF fLikahd fRF cgl ghig V
gLsJ.Fkh mQ ciy gJ gy ehLf mQ ciyfis _lnth myJ
mlfis iflnth myJ gfnth xU gjij cUthsJ.
mQ ciy gJ Vgl #gh bkhj Uj 54 mQ ciyf 37

ciyfis _l itJsJ .meho v r bfhifahdJ kW gidF

cgLjgLsJ.
RryhJ J ciyfis fLtij Jgij W itJsJ.
b#kahdJ 17 ciyfis fiygij jhkgJ vw Koit jnghLsJ
d a mQ ciyfSfhd mDkia uJ brJsJ.
mbkfh blrh fLtjhf llgoUj uL bga ciyf uJ

bragLsd.
jhY mQciyf _lgl meho muR KobtLJsJ.J

bjhlghf mF eljgl fUJ f 95 GfhL kf mQ ciyf

mikgij vJsd.
uh eljgl bghJ thbfL 62 GfhL kf cldoahf mQ

ciyfis _l ntL vW thfUjd.15 GfhL kf cldoahf

_l ntL vW bjUUjd.
Inuha ehLf D brndh mQ ciy g mUnj

shj iy csJ.

 mQ ciyfbgahd mbuth thyhF iy csJ .Vbd uh .

cl Inuha ehLfY Mfh kW #gh Ma ehLf

fbg ciyf njhailJ ld.J bjhlghf fbg
jiyik thf mfh ntiy f bragLsh .
mbkfh Inuha aD flj 9 khjfhykhf mQ ciyf ghJfh

FJ sh brJ tUwd. mbkfh flj 1973 Unj vj a

mQ ciyfS flgl iy.
bjyh ahitju kw ehLf #gh mQ ciy g jhfdh V
gLs khwf . Mdh ah vj j W rydij Tl Mahsf
k j gJ VgLjiy. mjF khwhf , Uw mQ ciylf
thfgl csd. a lfS tuUwd.jnghJ TlFs uL
bkuf < ciyfY (xbthY 1000 bkfhth r jahf
Toait),uh#jh uthghlh vw gFY F#uh fhuY Mf U fduf
< ciyfS ( xbthW 700 bkfhth jahfToait)WtgLtjfhd
ntiyf elJ bfhoUwd. D btehL bjhEgJl Toa
5 ciyf IJ lf tu csd.
mQr Fj midJ rafSF WtdfSF bgUFil nghw
mikghf fw mQr fHf braghLf btgilahf yhk
urfakhfnt csd. mQr xGFgLJ tha g midJ
mQciyf ghJfhid cWgLJtJjh. fafdh VgL
ghfis mUJ ghJfhJ bfhtJ FJjh bghJ kfSF jft
mgJ j mik Ka gahf csJ.Mdh mj gid nkbfhshk
mYtyf ufarlij gagL midJ jftfis njrghJfh vW T ju
kWwJ.mQ ciyf VgL gJf kW ngl nkyhik cgl
midij ufakhfnt ghwJ.
mQr ciyf ahUF fLglhjit. eho caa Mmik uf
bfhl ehlhSkw Tl mQciy braghLf mj KjL bryf kW
mF elF gJf FJ ngr KoahJ. vj kf u mts V mik
r Tl nf nff KoahJ . Vbd #dehafJl bragLtjF mF
liy.vyhtiw eho ghJfh vgjF ml rtmfhuJl
jhnjhjdkhf bragL tUwJ.
j mikfis wj btgilahd mikghf bragl itf 1993 mQ r
xGFKiw mik Kdh jiyt nfhghyUZz cUnj nghulfis
eldh. j isthf mikig xusF btgilahf bragl itjh. y

fhy btgilahf bragljh mQ ciyf eilbgw rgtf kW

gJf btna bja tjd. 1995 tik ghJfh Fj xU fzF
jifia elaJ.mifahf rkfgl j jif mQ ciyf
cs 134 uidf milahsfhzgld. cldoahf fgl ntoa 95 u
idf;s milahsfhzgld.j mifia btl kf mikf
nfhif Ljd. mifia btlh nja ghJfhF MgJ VgL vW
T mQ ciy mik kWJlJ. jid bjlJ crkw bghJey tHF
jSgo bragL mQ ciy fHf nja ghJfh thjkhdJ cW braglJ.
mQ ciyfHfkhdJ 134 ghJfh uidf 119 uidf fgLsjhf
TdhY Kjikahf fgl ntoa uidf fgljhf vj
MjhuK iy.Kakhf nfhghy UZz mif mQ r cgF d
_y vufis FF mikf fLikahd FiwghLfS gydfS
Ugjhf FLsJ. j uidahjh Fkh ngu VglJ vgJ
FljfJ.vyh mQ ciyfY nguit isF faf mghaij
jf KoahJ.
mj ffis F mo vjid mo MH ijJ
itjhY mj ff cs fafkhdJ gy Mu MLf tiu oF
vgJ midtU mjnj. jdh mQ ciy ffis vd brtJ ? vw u
id cyf KGtJ D fglhj xwhf D owJ.
mQ
ciy ffis guhkF b ry gy Mu nfhofis jhL vgjh kLnk gy
ehLf mQ ciyf _lgld vgJ FljfJ. mnj ngh mQ ciyf c
g xbthU flY faf ffS jf KoahjJ Igh Fkh
Vgl mQ ciygF d cldoahf muR mfhf 2 yr kf 20 nyh
l JhuF mgh btnawgld.mtf midtU jjahf
fafdh
ghfglduh
vW
gnrhfgld.
ghfgltf
jikgLjgld. ah gogl gJf mQ ciyf fjh F
mtiw vbfhs vd l csJ?
F F#uh Vgl fgij bjhlJ jf Vgl
Rdh nguit
bjhlJ nja ngl nkyhik rlK ngl nkyhik mik mjfhd
tfhLjfS cUthfgld. nja msYk khy kW khtl msY
nglfis vbfhs mikf cUthfgld. gfS nglfis vbfhtj
fhd xiffS eljgld. RdhF d yfhy tiu eilbgw it nghJ
l nghlgLsd. fafdh ghfglh kUJt ir mf
Jiw g bgw kUJtfnsh kUJtkidfnsh iy vgJ mFa
ra . cyf ehLfns mQ ciyf ntlh vW Ko brj dU ah
lhoahf mQ ciyf vw bga kfSF rkh fl jahuh lJ. .

Jiz wit
1.uncle sams nuclear cabin by Prabir Purkayastha,Ninan koshy,and
M.K.Bhadrakumar,Published by leftword ,New Delhi,signpost series,no.10
2.Subordinate Ally ,THE NUCLEAR DEAL AND INDIA US STRATEGIC
RELATIONS,published by Prakash Karat,published by leftword,New Delhi,signpost series no.9
3.The KOODANKULAM handbook,edited by Dr.S.P.Udayakumar,published by Transcend
South Asia,Nagercoil,Tamilnadu
4.Indias Atomic Energy Programme,claims and reality by Suvrat Raju,published by
RESEARCH UNIT OF POLITICAL ECONOMY ,Aspects of Indias Economy no.48
5.mQ Mw X mKf ,btpL-y egf,1989
6.vbuh j , Ma -kUJt unkZ
Eh Ma FJ
nrJuhkf 20 MLfSF nkyhf a vu ,dk ,Rnjru cl
ehjf jah bjhiyfhfY KJiy Jiz Mauhf jah
WtdfMthshuhf gahat. kj cik ,j cik kW bg cik
mikfSl idzJ gy jsf bragL tUwh. Jtiu 31 EhfS MjZ
mHFk v.v. M vw idbgaf 800F nkgl fLiuf vGsh. tiu
msethuram61@gmail.com vw dr Kft bjhl bfhsyh.