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Gears: An Historical Note Gears have existed since the invention of rotating machinery. Because of their force-multiplying properties, early engineers used them for hoisting heavy loads such as building materials. The mechanical advantage of gears was also used for ship anchor hoists and catapult pre-tensioning. Early gears were made from wood with cylindrical pegs for cogs and were often lubricated with animal fat grease. Gears were also used in wind and water wheel machinery for decreasing or increasing the provided rotational speed for application to pumps and other powered machines. An early gear arrangement used to power textile machinery is illustrated in the following figure. The rotational speed of a water or horse drawn wheel was typically too slow to use, so a set of wooden gears needed to be used to increase the speed to a usable level.
Dili arklar iki bin yldan daha fazla gemie sahip ekil elemanlardr.
An 18th Century Application of Gears for Powering Textile Machinery The industrial revolution in Britain in the eighteenth century saw an explosion in the use of metal gearing. A science of gear design and manufacture rapidly developed through the nineteenth century. Today, the most significant new gear developments are in the area of materials. Modern metallurgy has greatly increased the useful life of industrial and automotive gears, and consumer electronics has driven plastic gearing to new levels of lubricant-free reliability and quiet operation.
DL ARKLARA GEM YYDAN BR RNEK: MS sonra 4. yyn son yarsnda yazlm,yazar bilinmeyen Latince bir yaptta anlatlan,ancak hibir zaman ina edilmedii anlalan bu buluu dili arklarn gemiine dair bir rnek olarak verebiliriz.Bu buluta kzler gemiyi hareket ettirmek iin kullanlr. dikey bir dingilin zerindeki krk ubuunun iki ucunda karlkl olarak dnerler.Bir dili sistemi yardmyla bu dingil geminin bir kenarndan dierine uzanan ve her iki ucunda kanatl birer ark bulunan yatay bir dingili evirir.
DL ARK MEKANZMALARI
Bir milin dnme hareketini dier mile dnme kayb olmadan nakletmek iin kullanlan mekanizmalardr. Bir dili ark mekanizmas biri dndren dieri dndrlen olmak zere en az iki arktan olumaktadr.
(2)
(1)
SINIFLANDIRMA
Dzgn ve deien hzl olmak zere iki tip mekanizma vardr. Biz dzgn hzl mekanizmalar inceleyeceiz.
D dili arklar
dili arklar
Kremayer
2 O2
O2BE EFG
V2 O2E = C2 O2B
=
C2 O2B
EG O2E
EF O2B
1
O1
A E F
2 .O2E O2E
C2 O2B
C1=C2
B
2 =
2 O2
O1AE EFD
V1 O1E = C1 O1A
G
O1 1 A E
1 .O1E O1E
=
C1
C1 O1A
B
D C C1=CF C 2
1 =
O1A
2 O2
O1 1 A E F
1 O2C i= = 2 O1C
olarak bulunur.
O2
Rg
Rg
dg
d0
Taksimat(di adm, hatve): blm dairesinin z eit ksma blnmesi ile elde edilen yay uzunluudur. (t0)
d0 = zt0 d0 t0 = z
t0
t0 d0 = .z = m.z t0 m=
Deeri modl diye isimlendirilir.
dk = d0 + 2hk 0
hk 0 = m
(Di ba ykseklii)
(Takm di ba ykseklii)
hk0 = m
Referans profilin orta dorusunun son konumu dili arkn blm dairesine gre x mesafesi kadar ite veya dta ise dili ark negatif veya pozitif telenmitir.
hk = m ( 1 + x ) ; hf = m ( 1,25 - x )
olur.
.m s0 = + 2.x.m. tan 0 2