Kathleen Gu Emily Stephan Becca Stelman Period 1

Works Cited:

Primary Sources Bicknell, Thomas Williams. Portsmouth Compact. Digital image. File: Portsmouth Compact.jpg. 2009. Web. 8 Jan. 2012. <http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Portsmouth_Compact_document.j pg/387px-Portsmouth_Compact_document.jpg>.

This image was used as a primary source that proved Roger Williams' beliefs on separation of church and state. The Portsmouth Compact established Portsmouth, Rhode Island, the first state to have freedom of religion.
"Massachusetts Body of Liberties (1641)." American History. ABC-CLIO, 2011. Web. 4 Oct. 2011. The Massachusetts Body of Liberties was a document that was used to govern Massachusetts in the time of the Salem Witch Trials, before the United States became a nation. Much of the rules stated in the document are related to either overly strict religious or old English laws, which was one of the main causes why the Salem Witch Trials happened.

"Records and Files of the Quarterly Courts of Essex County." University of Virginia Library. Web. 12 Oct. 2011. <http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/salem/witchcraft/Essex/vol1/>. This website had the original transcripts of the Salem Witch Trials, making it a primary source. Real people's experiences and original evidence of what happened was included, adding depth to our report. "Records and Files of the Quarterly Courts of Essex County." University of Virginia Library. Web. 12 Oct. 2011. <http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/salem/witchcraft/Essex/vol2/>.

Similar to the first set of court records, this is a continuation of the official evidence of the trials. Also, this document described in detail some of the court practices that people used back in the late 1600s, which helped us understand how people were tried back then.

"The Wonders of the Invisible World Being an Account of the Trials of Several Witches Lately Executed in New-England." University of Virginia Library. Web. 12 Oct. 2011. http://etext.virginia.edu/salem/witchcraft/speccol/cmather/table/ Cotton Mather, a witness to the trials and son of Increase Mather, wrote this book based on what he saw from each of the trials. This book provided information from a Christian minister's perspective on the trials and in depth detail. Van Der Spriett, John. Increase Mather. Digital image. Web. 7 Jan. 2012. <http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Increase_Mather.jpg/220p x-Increase_Mather.jpg>. We used this source in a timeline to represent Increase Mather. Increase Mather produced many influential works that proved that witches and the Devil were connected.

Secondary Sources

An Account of the Salem Witchcraft Investigations, Trials, Andaftermath." UMKC School of Law. Web. 04 Oct. 2011. <http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/salem/SAL_ACCT.HTM>. This site was extremely resourceful because it provided an excellent source of information, including some quotes. It not only stated the quotes but also gave supporting details and knowledge. Brewer, Lawanda, Heather Jaques, Ranada Jones, and Joshua King. "Colonial America, 16071783." The University of North Carolina at Pembroke. University of North Carolina at Pembroke, 2004. Web. 08 Jan. 2012 <http://www.uncp.edu/home/canada/work/allam/16071783/religion.htm>. After reading this article, we used the ideas of seeking a perfect religion in our article. We connected the Puritans' dream of creating the perfect church and the revolts led by angry citizens together to the theme.

Kent, Deborah. Salem, Massachusetts. Parsippany, NJ: Dillon, 1996. Print.

This book described all of the events of the Salem Witch trials in chronological order. I found it useful because it had lots of personal stories and testimonials from actual people accused in the trials.

Ray, Benjamin. Witchcraft at Salem Village. Digital image. Salem Witch Trials: Images. University of Virginia, 2002. Web. 29 Sept. 2011. <http://www2.iath.virginia.edu/salem/generic.html>. This website was of use to me because it provided an image depicting the hysteria of an actual trial during the Salem Witch Trials. "Religious Freedom: The Trial of Anne Hutchinson." PBS KIDS: Educational Games, Videos and Activities For Kids! PBS, 2004. Web. 08 Jan. 2012. <http://pbskids.org/wayback/civilrights/features_hutchison.html>. This secondary source showed how Anne Hutchinson was a pioneer for religious rights. She helped spark a revolution against the forcing of religion. Roger Williams. Digital image. Roger Williams: The Hanscom Family Weblog. 5 Feb. 2009. Web. 8 Jan. 2012. <http://www.hanscomfamily.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/rogerwilliams.jpg>. This website provided an accurate image of Roger Williams. We used this in an article describing Roger Williams' revolution against Puritanism. "Roger Williams: A Plea for Religious Liberty." Index. 2011. Web. 08 Jan. 2012. <http://www.constitution.org/bcp/religlib.htm>. We used this primary source to prove that Roger Williams was a crusader for religious liberty. His rebellion led the Puritans to later believe that they were wrong. Roland, Jon. "Anne Hutchinson." Index. The Constitution Society. Web. 08 Jan. 2012. <http://www.constitution.org/primarysources/hutchinson.html>. A record of Anne Hutchinson's trial was an important primary source in our articles. The record proved that although there were many people against the harsh Puritan rule, the authority would not care about these new ideas that came from rebellions and revolts. "Salem Witch Trials: Facts, Discussion Forum, and Encyclopedia Article." AbsoluteAstronomy.com. eb. 12 Oct. 2011. <http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/topics/Salem_witch_trials>.

This site was extremely useful when searching for valuable information about the Salem Witch Trials. It provided background information, timelines, evidence, over-all context, and the closure and aftermath of the trials. The website alone was a treasured resource. "Salem Witch Trials - New World Encyclopedia." Info:Main Page - New World Encyclopedia. Web. 12 Oct. 2011. <http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Salem_Witch_Trials>. This resource really outlined the importance and significance of the witch trials. It really opened our eyes to horrific events that occurred. For example, a four year old was accused of witch craft and then was thrown into jail with her mother. "The Salem Witchcraft Trials of 1692." UMKC School of Law. Web. 12 Oct. 2011. <http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/salem/salem.htm>. From the important people in the witch trials to the petitions of the accused witches, this website covers all aspects of a historical event, such as who, when, how, why, and where. Not only were interesting and useful facts, such as the chronological order of the events, included, but also historical analysis on what caused the hysteria was present. Salem Witch Trials Page - History of the 1692 Witch Trials in Salem. Web. 12 Oct. 2011. <http://www.salemwitchtrials.com/>.

This site was a key research source. It gave us an insight of the true events that occurred during this time period. It also contained several links and articles that allowed us to explore the history of the Salem Witch Trials. "Salem Witch Trials of 1692." The Inner Sanctum of Wicca and Witchcraft. Web. 30 Sept. 2011. <http://www.witchway.net/times/ends.html>. This site consisted of information that was helpful when writing the caption for the picture of William Phips. It contained a large amount of useful and historical history about the importance of Governor Phips in the Salem Witch Trials. "William Phips." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 30 Sept. 2011. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Phips>. This website was helpful in the matter of finding a picture. It provided the resourceful image of William Phips. Wilson, Lori Lee. The Salem Witch Trials. Minneapolis: Lerner Pub., 1997. Print.

In addition to a solid description of events, this book also related the Salem Witchcraft Trials to important ideas and morals, such as Rationalism vs. Witchcraft. It described how the strict Puritan lifestyle influenced this event and had helpful resources for finding more information in the back.