SQL> select variance(salary) from cats11; VARIANCE(SALARY) ---------------63166.6667 SQL> commit; Commit complete.

SQL> alter table cats11 add(qdept varchar2(3),bu varchar2(10)); Table altered. SQL> select * from cats11; AID ---------100110 100111 100112 100113 100115 100115 ANAME -------------sriram sasi palanivelraj mohanraj ramkumar ramkumar F A N S V B B DOJ --------22-DEC-11 22-DEC-11 22-DEC-11 22-DEC-11 26-DEC-11 26-DEC-11 GRADE SALARY QDE BU ----- ---------- --- ---------pat 22000 pat 22000 pat 22225 pat 22525 pat 22500 pat 22500

6 rows selected. SQL> update cats11 set qdept='it',bu='ime' where aid=100110; 1 row updated. SQL> update cats11 set qdept='it',bu='ime' where aid=100111; 1 row updated. SQL> update cats11 set qdept='cse',bu='retail' where aid=100112; 1 row updated. SQL> update cats11 set qdept='ece',bu='banking' where aid=100113; 1 row updated. SQL> update cats11 set qdept='cse',bu='insurance' where aid=100115; 2 rows updated. SQL> commit; Commit complete. SQL> update cats11 set qdept='ece' where aid=100111; 1 row updated. SQL> select * from cats11; AID ---------100110 100111 100112 ANAME -------------sriram sasi palanivelraj F A N S DOJ --------22-DEC-11 22-DEC-11 22-DEC-11 GRADE SALARY QDE BU ----- ---------- --- ---------pat 22000 it ime pat 22000 ece ime pat 22225 cse retail

100113 mohanraj 100115 ram pondy

V 22-DEC-11 pat B 22-DEC-11 pat

22525 ece banking 22105 eee care

SQL> select asc(salary) from cats11; select asc(salary) from cats11 * ERROR at line 1: ORA-00936: missing expression SQL> select ename,sum(salary) from cats11 group by qdept; select ename,sum(salary) from cats11 group by qdept * ERROR at line 1: ORA-00904: "ENAME": invalid identifier SQL> select ename,sum(salary) from cats11 group by aid; select ename,sum(salary) from cats11 group by aid * ERROR at line 1: ORA-00904: "ENAME": invalid identifier SQL> select aname,sum(salary) from cats11 group by aid; select aname,sum(salary) from cats11 group by aid * ERROR at line 1: ORA-00979: not a GROUP BY expression SQL> select aid,sum(salary) from cats11 group by aid; AID SUM(SALARY) ---------- ----------100110 22000 100111 22000 100113 22525 100112 22225 100115 22105 SQL> select aid,sum(salary) from cats11 group by aid having sum(salary)>22200; AID SUM(SALARY) ---------- ----------100113 22525 100112 22225 select aid,sum(salary) from cats11 group by aid having sum(salary)>22100 and sum (salary)<22200; AID SUM(SALARY) ----- ----------00115 22105 select aname,bu from cats11,j5; SQL> select round(sysdate,'month') from dual; ROUND(SYS --------01-JAN-12

SQL> select round(sysdate+16,'month') from dual; ROUND(SYS --------01-FEB-12 SQL> select round(to_date('12-jan-12'),'month') from dual; ROUND(TO_ --------01-JAN-12 SQL> select round(to_date('29-jan-12'),'month') from dual; ROUND(TO_ --------01-FEB-12 SQL> SELECT TO_CHAR (SYSDATE, 'dd-mon-yyyy hh:mi:ss'),TO_CHAR (SYSDATE, 'day-mon thdd, yyyy'),TO_CHAR (SYSDATE, 'dd/mm/yy') from sys.dual; TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'DD- TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'DAY-MONTHD TO_CHAR( -------------------- --------------------------- -------12-jan-2012 11:50:08 thursday -january 12, 2012 12/01/12 SQL> select * from cats110; COURSE_DURATION --------------------------------------------------------------------------+00-05 +01-04 SQL> select * from j5; ID ---------10 11 12 13 123 NAME SALARY G ---------- ---------- sriram 3500 m jay 4521 f palani 3945 m 12 3525 f chan 3250 m

SQL> select * from cats11; AID ---------100110 100111 100112 100113 100115 ANAME -------------sriram sasi palanivelraj mohanraj ram pondy F A N S V B DOJ --------22-DEC-11 22-DEC-11 26-DEC-11 22-DEC-11 22-DEC-11 GRADE SALARY QDE BU ----- ---------- --- ---------pat 22000 it ime pat 22000 ece ime pat 22225 cse retail pat 22525 ece banking pat 22105 eee care

SQL> alter table j5 drop column salary; Table altered. SQL> select * from j5; ID NAME G

---------10 11 12 13 123

---------sriram jay palani 12 chan

m f m f m

SQL> select aname,grade,bu from cats11 d1 inner join j5 d2 where d1.aname=d2.nam e; select aname,grade,bu from cats11 d1 inner join j5 d2 where d1.aname=d2.name * ERROR at line 1: ORA-00905: missing keyword SQL> select aname,grade,bu from cats11 d1 inner join j5 d2 on d1.aname=d2.name; ANAME GRADE BU -------------- ----- ---------sriram pat ime SQL> select aname,grade,bu from cats11 d1 outer join j5 d2 where d1.aname=d2.nam e; select aname,grade,bu from cats11 d1 outer join j5 d2 where d1.aname=d2.name * ERROR at line 1: ORA-00933: SQL command not properly ended SQL> select aname,grade,bu from cats11 d1 full outer join j5 d2 where d1.aname=d 2.name; select aname,grade,bu from cats11 d1 full outer join j5 d2 where d1.aname=d2.nam e * ERROR at line 1: ORA-00905: missing keyword SQL> select aname,grade,bu from cats11 d1 full outer join j5 d2 on d1.aname=d2. name; ANAME -------------sriram mohanraj palanivelraj ram pondy sasi GRADE ----pat pat pat pat pat BU ---------ime banking retail care ime

9 rows selected. SQL> select aname,grade,bu from cats11 d1,join j5 d2 where d1.aname=d2.name; select aname,grade,bu from cats11 d1,join j5 d2 where d1.aname=d2.name * ERROR at line 1: ORA-00933: SQL command not properly ended

SQL> select aname,grade,bu from cats11 d1 right outer join j5 d2 on d1.aname=d2. name; ANAME GRADE BU -------------- ----- ---------sriram pat ime

SQL> select aname,grade,bu from cats11 d1 left outer join j5 d2 on d1.aname=d2.n ame; ANAME -------------sriram mohanraj palanivelraj ram pondy sasi GRADE ----pat pat pat pat pat BU ---------ime banking retail care ime

SQL> select aname,grade,bu from cats11 d1,join j5 d2 d1.aname=d2.name; select aname,grade,bu from cats11 d1,join j5 d2 d1.aname=d2.name * ERROR at line 1: ORA-00933: SQL command not properly ended SQL> select aname,grade,bu from cats11 d1,join j5 d2 where natural_join cats11; select aname,grade,bu from cats11 d1,join j5 d2 where natural_join cats11 * ERROR at line 1: ORA-00933: SQL command not properly ended SQL> select aname,grade,bu from cats11,j5 where cats11.aname=j5.name; ANAME GRADE BU -------------- ----- ---------sriram pat ime SQL> select aname,grade,bu from cats11,j5 cats11.aname=j5.name; select aname,grade,bu from cats11,j5 cats11.aname=j5.name * ERROR at line 1: ORA-00933: SQL command not properly ended SQL> select aname,grade,bu from cats11,j5; ANAME -------------sriram sasi palanivelraj mohanraj ram pondy GRADE ----pat pat pat pat pat BU ---------ime ime retail banking care

sriram sasi palanivelraj mohanraj ram pondy sriram ANAME -------------sasi palanivelraj mohanraj ram pondy sriram sasi palanivelraj mohanraj ram pondy sriram sasi ANAME -------------palanivelraj mohanraj ram pondy

pat pat pat pat pat pat GRADE ----pat pat pat pat pat pat pat pat pat pat pat GRADE ----pat pat pat

ime ime retail banking care ime BU ---------ime retail banking care ime ime retail banking care ime ime BU ---------retail banking care

25 rows selected. SQL> select * from j5; ID ---------10 11 12 13 123 NAME ---------sriram jay palani 12 chan G m f m f m

SQL> select aname,bu from cats11,j5; ANAME -------------sriram sasi palanivelraj mohanraj ram pondy sriram sasi palanivelraj mohanraj ram pondy sriram ANAME -------------sasi palanivelraj mohanraj BU ---------ime ime retail banking care ime ime retail banking care ime BU ---------ime retail banking

ram pondy sriram sasi palanivelraj mohanraj ram pondy sriram sasi ANAME -------------palanivelraj mohanraj ram pondy

care ime ime retail banking care ime ime BU ---------retail banking care

25 rows selected. SQL>