4. a.

sebutkan jenis terapi oksigen yang anda ketahui Low flow (Variable performance oxygen delivery systems) High flow (Fixed performance oxygen delivery systems) Reservoir Enclosure

b. apa yang dimaksud dengan terapi oksigen low flow dan high flow, berikan contohnya High flow Air entraintment System Venturi Systems Enclosure Systems Fixed FiO2 (WYSWYG)

Low flow FiO2 tidak tetap Tergantung: Flow oksigen , pola napas, dan kapasitas reservoir anatomik Kanula nasal Kateter nasal Sungkup

Low-flow FiO
2

High-flow Fixed

Enclosure systems Variable (depend on devices) Oxygen hoods, Closed incubators

Variable

Newborn

Nasal Cannula, Simple oxygen mask

An air entrainment mask (venturi systems)

Infant & Nasal cannula, Children Nasopharyngeal catheters, Reservoir masks, Simple mask, Partial rebreathing mask, Non rebreathing mask Monitoring terapi O2 Vital signs O2 monitoring (FiO2) SaO2 Blood gas analysis P(A-a)O2 PaO2/FiO2

An air entrainment mask (venturi systems)

Oxygen hoods, Oxygen tents

The cardio pulmonary system transports gases. The respiratory pump maintains a high PO2 in alveoli. Typical value = 100 mm Hg. O2 moves by diffusion and dissolves in plasma. From there it diffuses into red cells where it reacts with hemoglobin. CO2 is kept low in alveolar space by the respiratory pump. CO2 moves by diffusion from blood into alveoli. O2 and CO2 are transported by the vascular pump. From lungs, blood is pumped to systemic vessels and systemic capillaries. In metabolizing organs, O2 is consumed and CO2 is produced. Thus PO2 is low and PCO2 is high in systemic capillaries. O2 moves by diffusion from plasma into extravascular space. As PO2 is lowered in plasma, O2 dissociates from Hemoglobin. CO2 moves by diffusion into the vascular compartment. CO2 is transported in the form of dissolved gas, bicarbonate ions, and in combination with hemoglobin.