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Quarterly Newsletter of The Tisarana Vihara Association,

Registered Charity No.328075

DHAMMA NEWSLETTER
J
A
N
U
A
R
Y VOL 28-NO 12

2
0
1
2

Tisarana Vihara Association

(357,359,361) Nelson Rd, Whitton, London, TW2 7AG
Tel-0208 898 6965 & 0208 898 4165
www.tisarana.info

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(taESmuft,Suf) jzpf\? odkUjzpf avmueDwdusrf; ysif;&dolonf rnf
onfhudprQ atmifjrifatmif rvkyfEdkifyHkudk usrf;\ tpqHk; qHk;rpum;
tjzpf pwk&*FAvtrwfBuD;u xnfhoGif;xm;\? ysif;&dolonf ynm
rwwfEdkif? ynmrwwfvQif ypnf;Opm rdSEdkif? ypnf;OpmrdSvQif rdwfaqGtaygif;toif; rdSEdkif?rdwfaqGtaygif;toif; rdSvQif rcsrf;omEdkif? rcsrf;
omvQifukodkvfaumif;rIrjyKEdkif? ukodkvfaumif;rIrdSvQif edAmefra&mufEdkif/
tcsdefrjzKef;ygESifh= ]]armCH umvH e acya,=armCH-tcsD;ESD;? umvH
-tcsdefudk?e acya,-rukefap&m? avmu ESajrmp&mtaumif;qHk;
t&mrSmtcsdefjzpf\?tcsdefudk tusdK;dSdS toHk;jyKEdkifvQif tcsdefdSorQaumif;
usdK;&\? rdrdtwGufpD;yGm;a&; usef;rma&; ynma&;ukodkvfa&; qkwfrnfh
tvkyf? rwdk;wufrnfYtvkyfESifh tcsdefukefoludk ]]tcsdefjzKef;ol}}[k qdk&rnf
jzpf\? ykxkZOfrSeforQ ysif;Mu\? tcsdefvJ tenf; trsm; jzKef;rdMu\/
bk&m; yapuAk'g &[Emrsm;om tcsdefudk vHk;0rjzKef;bJ tcsdefjynfh
(aumif;aomtmHk? aumif;aomudpjzifh) aeEdkifawmfrlMu\? xdk tSifjrwf
wdkUonf owdorZn (owd ynm) tm;aumif;? tukodkvf udavomrSef
orQvnf; vHk;0uif;pifawmfrlMuojzifhxdkodkUaumif;aomtmHk?aumif;aom
udpjzifh aeawmfrlEdkifjcif;jzpf\/
tcsdefudkjyefpm;Edkif=tcsdefonf ow0gwdkUudk tNrJwef;pm;ae\?
'kuedygw rlvy&d,m, Zmwfawmf ]]umavm Cowd blwmed}}p
aom*gxm (pum;) yg\? xdk*gxm\ t"dyg,frSm ]]umavm-umv (tcsdef
tcg)onf? tm;vHk;aom ow0gwdkUudkpm;ae\? rdrdudk,fudkvnf; rdrdjyefpm;
\? tMuifow0g (&[Em) onfum; umv(tcsdefudk) jyefpm;Edkif\? xdk
(&[Em) ow0gonf ow0gwdkUudk rD;wdkufaeaom tcsdefudk rdrdPfrD;
jzifh jyef avmifNrdKufap\? (ow0gwdkUudk rD;wdkufaeaom tcsdefudkrdrdu
jyef rD;ndSKUEdkifNyD)[k qdkvdk\/
(*gxmudk t"dyg,fay:vGifatmif bmomjyefxm;ygonf) tcsdef
rjzKef;bJ aeYpOfESifhtrQ tcsdefdSorQ pm;0wfaea&; usef;rma&; ukodkvfa&;
ynma&;udkBudK;pm;EdkifMuygap/
jrif;NcH y@dwf
5

2011-ckESpf uxdefouFef; tvSLSifrsm;pm&if;

1.udkatmifausmf+rtdtdacsm (orD;) reDeDausmf?

rrdk;rdk;ausmf (Switzerland) rdom;pk
ouFef; 4-pHk aygif 120
2.Dr ausmfvif;+Dr cifzkef;armfESifhom;rsm;
ouFef; 4-pHk aygif 120
3.a'gufwmrsdK;jrifh+a':ndrf;ndrf;vGifrdom;pk
ouFef; 3-pHk aygif 90
4.udkyDwm*dk;+rpkvdIif*dk; (orD;) [,fvif*dk;
ouFef; 3-pHk aygif 90
5.a'gufwmaersdK;rdom;pk
ouFef; 3-pHk aygif 90
6.udkrdk;+rxufxufatmif? udkatmifatmif+rtmum-ESifh
ZifvJh0if; armifESpfrwpfpk
ouFef; 3-pHk aygif 90
7.a'gufwmOD;vSjrifh+a':cif0if;Ek(om;) a'gufwmrdk;oefU?
udkaZmfvwf (udk,fydkifouFef; 1-pHk) ESifh
ouFef; 3-pHk aygif 90
8.OD;,kwdwf+a':cifcifwdkUtm;&nfpl; a'gufwmcif,kvGif-ESifh
nDrrsm;
ouFef; 3-pHk aygif 90
9.a'gufwmudkudk+a':armfvDjrjr0if;udk (om;) ol&udkudk
(orD;) ,kZeudkudkrdom;pk?
ouFef; 3-pHk aygif 90
10.a'gufwm&nfaoG; +a'gufwmMunfMunfvS
(orD;) a'gufwmcifaoG; rdom;pk
ouFef; 3-pHk aygif 90
11.a':wifwif0if;? (om;) a'gufwmpnfol0if;+Mrs Su Fung
a'gufwmxGef;Edkif0if;rdom;pk?
ouFef; 3-pHk aygif 90
12.OD;btHk;+a':ciftef;rdom;pk
ouFef; 3-pHk aygif 90
13.udkwifatmifoef;+rrDrDpdrfhat; (orD;) olZmvGif
eEmvGifrdom;pk?
ouFef; 2-pHk aygif 65
14.a'gufwmxGef;xGef;+a':MunfMunfvdIifrdom;pk
ouFef; 2-pHk aygif 60
15.The Best OD;ae0if;rdom;pk
ouFef; 2-pHk aygif 60
16.Dr atmif&D+Dr ,Of,OfNrdKifrdom;pk
ouFef; 2-pHk aygif 60
17.a'gufwmarmifoefU+a'gufwmat;at;cdkif
(orD;)jzLpifoefU (om;)ol&defoefUrdom;pk
ouFef; 2-pHk aygif 60
18.a'gufwmwifarmifjrifh+a'gufwmcifpef;&D
ouFef; 2-pHk aygif 60
19.armifausmfrsdK;vif;
ouFef; 2-pHk aygif 60
20.rdcifBuD; a':pef;jrifhtm;&nfpl; udk0BuD;
ouFef; 2-pHk aygif 60
21.a'gufwmcifarmifjrifh+a'gufwmcifpyg,f
ouFef; 2-pHk aygif 60
22.OD;xifatmif+a':MunfMunfat;
ouFef; 2-pHk aygif 60
6

dk;&mqifEGJ xreJyGJ

jrefrmhdk;&m ,Ofaus;rI wpf&yfjzpfaom xreJyGJawmfudk ESpfpOfESpfwdkif;

usif;ycJh&m ,ckESpfwGifvnf; dk;&mrysuf qufvufqifEGJ xreJyGJawmfudk
wdo&Pausmif;wdkufwGif azaz:0g&Dv (11)&uf paeaeU? aeUvnf (1)em&D
rSpxreJxdk;NyD; (12)&ufwe*FaEGaeUwGif pkaygif;qGrf;uyf ukodkvfjrwfudk
&,lvdkMuygaom yg&rDSiftaygif;wdkUtm; today;EdI;aqmftyfygonf/
tbd"rmoifwef;

pdwf apwoduf kyf emrfw&m;wdkU\ y&rwobm0udk oddSem;vnfEdkif

&ef tbd"rm tajccHoifwef;udk rwfv (6)&ufaeYrSp {NyDv (3)&ufaeYxd
aeYvnf (2)em&DrSp (3:30)em&Dwdkifatmif wdo&Pausmif;wdkufwGif oif
Mum;jyo ydkUcsay;rnfjzpfaMumif; "rrdwfaqGtaygif;wdkUtm; owif;aumif;
yg;tyfygonf/
ESpful;jrefrm ab;&efuGm y|mef;GwfvdkU ylaZmfwm

ESpfpOfusif;yNrJjzpfaom jrefrmESpfopfudk y|mef;w&m;awmfjzifh BudKqdkcJh&m

,ckESpfwGifvnf; {NyDv (15?16?17)&ufaeYrsm;wGif toHrpJ y|mef;yGJawmfudk
usif;yjyKvkyfrnfjzpfNyD; (17)&ufESpfqef; (1)&ufaeYwGif pkaygif;qGrf;uyf uk
odkvfjrwfudk &,lvdkMuygaom olawmfaumif; taygif;wdkUtm; rysufruGuf
qufquf MuGcJhMuyg[k zdwfrEujyKtyfygonf/
Ak'aeYyGJ jyKqifEGJ

t*FvefEdkifiHdS jrefrmbkef;awmfBuD;ausmif;rsm; pkaygif; ESpfpOfrjywf

usif;yylaZmftyfaom Ak'aeYyGJawmfudk arv(6)&uf we*FaEGaeUwGif wpfESpf
wpfrsdK;rdk;&atmifChiswick Town Hall wGiftmrdoylZm "rylZmwdkUjzifhusif;y
ylaZmfrnfjzpfaMumif; yg&rDSif ukodkvfSif taygif;wdkUtm; BudKwiftoday;tyf
ygonf/
39

jzpf&m q,fodumrS ESpf&mhESpfq,f ckESpfoG,fudk udk,f0,fqifjref; &[ef;

awmfb0udk &,lMuum rdrdwdkUtm;vyf&ufwGif tusdK;dSdS aeur yg&rDudk
jznfhqnf;yl;cJhMuygonf/
ESpfpOfqifEGJ w&m;pcrf;yJG

ESpfpOfESpfwdkif; wdo&Pausmif;wdkufwGif w&m;pcrf;yGJrsm; usif;yay;

vQufdS&m ,ckESpfwGifvnf; Easter Holiday (4)&uf w&m;pcrf;yGJudk April
v(6)&ufrS (9)&uftxdvnf;aumif;? Summer (10)&ufw&m;pcrf;yGJudk
August v(18)&ufrS (27)&uftxdvnf;aumif;? aqmif;&moD (10)&uf
w&m;pcrf;yGJudk December v (22)&ufrS (31)&uftxdvnf;aumif; usif;y
ay;rnfjzpf&m pdwf0ifpm;olrnfolrqdk tcaMu;aiG ay;aqmif&efrvdkyJ
w&m;tm;xkwfEdkifaMumif; odaptyfygonf/
uav;i,frsm;twGuf ,Ofaus;rIoifwef;ESifh
jrefrmpmoifwef;

uav;i,frsm;twGuf Ak'bmom ,Ofaus;rIoifwef;ESifh jrefrmpm

oifwef;udkwdo&Pausmif;wdkufwGif tywfpOf pae we*FaEGaeYrsm;wGif
aeYvnf (1)em&DrS (3)em&Dtxd oifMum;ay;vQufdS&m rdrdwdkU&ifaoG;i,frsm;
tm;bmompmay,Ofaus;rI raysmufysuf&avatmif wefzdk;rjzwfEdkifaom
tarGtESpfudk ay;vdkMuaom rdbrsm;twGuf owif;aumif;yg;tyfygonf/
qGrf;pm;ausmif;tvSLSifrsm;tm; today;jcif;

aomp oA'a'g a[mwd? a,m ''gwd Oy,H-jrwfpGmAk' oH,kw

wGif rdefU[jrGufaz: a[mawmfrlaomaMumifh cGeftm;tvSL tqif;tvSL
csrf;omtvSL rsufpdtvSLudk waygif;wnf; vSL&ma&mufaom ausmif;tvSL
udkvSL'gef;vdkaom ausmif;'um ausmif;tpfrrsm;taejzifh 375=ausmif;
taemufbuf ajruGufwGif topfaqmufvkyfrnfh ausmif;aqmiftwGuf
ukodkvfyg0ifEdkifMuyg&ef tusdK;arQmf EdI;aqmftyfygonf/
38

23.June jrifh ESifh Archie jrifh

ouFef; 2-pHk 60
24.udkausmfausmfEdkif+rNidrf;Nidrf; (orD;) Lilian
ouFef; 2-pHk 60
25.Dr cifaZmf0if;+a':pdk;nGefUaqG(om;) bdkbdk
ouFef; 2-pHk 60
26.OD;cifarmifMunf+a':vSvS0if;rdom;pk
ouFef; 2-pHk 60
27.OD;xGef;vGif+a':cifoG,fat;-ESifh a'gufwmrsdK;jrwfvGif+
a':&D&Datmif (om;) armifxGef;at;vGif
ouFef; 2-pHk 60
28.rdcifBuD;a':odef;odef;trI;xm;Dr rdk;atmifausmf
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
29.udkapmvif;udk? a'gufwmol&defudk
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
30.a'gufwmwif0if;+ a':cifcifjrifh
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
31.a'gufwmMunfwdk;+a':csdKcsdKaqG
(om;)NzdK;atmifaZmf (orD;) pdrf;vJha0 rdom;pk
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
32.a'gufwmxGef;atmifoef;+a':cspfcspfoef;
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
33.rdcif Dr cifoufarmftm;&nfpl; Dr ausmfrdk;xGef;
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
34.udk[kef;Ek+a':pef;pef;,k (orD;) zl;[efOD;
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
35.rdbrsm;&nfpl; a'gufwmjrifh0if;
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
36.rdbrsm;trI;xm; armifa0,Hpdk;
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
37.udkxGef;at;rdom;pk
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
38.udkjrifhodef;+rcifjrwfarmf
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
39.a':jrdSef? Dr cifoufarmftm;&nfpl; reefpD
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
40.OD;tkef;az+a':0dkif;aTrdom;pk
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
41.udkvIdif0if;+rpef;pef;a|;rdom;pk
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
42.udk0P
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
43.rdbESpfyg;trI;xm; a'gufwmaropfvGif
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
44.OD;atmifcspf+a':MunfMunfcspfrdom;pk
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
45.wifwif Sohail, Tanya, Zain
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
46.udkxGef;cspf? Fay Joli Daisy ESifh Toby
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
47.Dr at;pk+Dr at;rdpef (om;) PfNzdK;ol
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
48.rdbrsm;trI;xm; rwifwifvdIif? rcifpk0if;
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
49.Mr David Cave +a':,k,ka0
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
50.a'gufwmodef;aZmf+a'gufwmoef;oef;0if;
ouFef; 1-pHk 30

51.Dr at;Edkif+a':oef;oef;csdK (orD;) Dr a'pD

52.a'gufwma':wifwif0if;
53.OD;atmifausmfEdkif+Dr vJhvJhcdkif
(om;) armifausmfcdkif[def; (orD;) rndKrDausmf
54.OD;cifarmifxGef;+a':oEmcif
55.Patric ESifh wifMuLMuLcif
56.udka'0efatmif+raroufEG,f
57.a'gufwmcsdefBuHKvD
58.a'gufwmjrifhodef;+a':cs,f&D
59.roJjzL0if;+John
60.OD;ausmfZif+a'gufwmEGJUEGJU0if;
61.a'gufwm&nfrGefatmif&D
62.a'gufwmoDwmatmif&D
63.a':jrnGefUESifh rcsdKcsdKcdkif
64.OD;jr[ef+a':oef;a|; (orD;)rOrmrsdK;xGef;
65.rif;atmifrGef+rdoDwm (om;) rif;pdkufrGef
66.rdcifa':cifEkESifh OD;ausmfpGmodef;+a':cifaraxG;
67.udkrsdK;+rjzLazG; (orD;)ropm (om;)udkynm
68.Mrs J.M .CRAIG
69.a':jrifhjrifhOD;rdom;pk
70.a'gufwmaZ,smaT+a'gufwmrrdk;qrf;
71.rpEm0if;
72.udkausmf+rod* (orD;) apm0if;0gEG,f
73.MR WILLIAM+MOE MOE
74.OD;nGefUatmif+a':pEm
75.udkcifarmifvGif+rwifwifEG,f rdom;pk
76.udk&Jrif;aT+rrGefrGefxGef; (orD;) oufjrwfEdk;aT
77.Dr Julian+Dr Chaw Su Kyi (orD;) Calista Paloma
De Silva

ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30

78.udkatmifrif;OD;+udkatmifaz
79.a':*efU*g
8

uyd,um&utzGJU tpD&ifcHpm
paeaeYwdkif; tywfpOfw&m;yGJ

wdo&Pausmif;wdkufrSm tywfpOfpaeaeYwdkif; w&m;yGJrsm;udk nae

(7)em&DrS (9)em&Dtxdusif;yNyD; aS;OD;pGmtmZD0|ruoDvcH,ljcif;? y|mef; "r
pMumtewvuPokwfawmfrsm;udk GwfzwfylaZmfjcif;?owdy|mefw&m; I
rSwfyGg;rsm;tm;xkwfjcif;? ausmif;oHCmrsm;rStvSnfhus(1)em&DcefU w&m;awmf
rsm;a[mMum;ay;jcif;rsm;udktNrJrjywf edA'taetm;jzifh jyKvkyfvQufdSaMumif;
ESifh twlwuGw&m;em w&m;xdkif GwfzwfylaZmfrIrsm; pdwf0ifpm;ygu (7)em&D
ta&mufvma&mufMuyg&ef today;tyfygonf/
pkaygif;bk&m;0wfjyKjcif;

ausmif;wdkufoHCmawmfrsm;onf aeYpOfeHeuf (5)em&DrS (6)em&Dtxd

vnf;aumif? nae(7)em&DrS (8)em&Dtxdvnf;aumif; wpfaeUvQif(2)Budrf
bk&m;0wfjyK y&dwf "rpMum tewvuPokwf y|mef;yp,eda'oygVdawmf
rsm; GwfzwfylaZmfjcif;? arwmbm0emyGg;rsm;jcif;? owdy|mefbm0emtvkyf
tm;xkwfjcif;? ukodkvfaumif;rItpkpkudk (31)bHkom; a0ae,sow0gtaygif;
wdkUtm; trQay;a0jcif;paom y#dywdukodkvfxl;udk aeYpOfaeYwdkif; qnf;yl;
tm;xkwfvQufdS&m pdwfyg0ifpm;ol ukodkvfSifrsm;vma&mufy#dywdukodkvf
xl;udk qnf;yl;&,l EIdifMuygonf/
&[ef;awmfb0 'kvb

yAZdwbma0g 'kvabm-[laom bk&m;a[m a'oemawmfESifhtnD &cJ

aypG&[ef;awmfb0 'kvbudk &,lcJhMuonfhtrsdK;aumif;om;rsm; jzpfMuaom
Dr.Munfwdk; (ac:) (OD;*kaPou)onf 'DZifbmv(10)&uf aeYwGifvnf;
aumif;? udkaevif; (ac:) OD;"rAv-ESifhudkNzdK;xufaZmf (ac:)OD;"r"&wdkUonf
'DZifbmv(16)&ufaeYwGifvnf;aumif;? Dr rdk;atmifausmf (ac:) OD;Ak'0HoESifh udkpnfol(ac:) OD;okoDwvwdkUonf 'DZifbmv (24)&ufaeYwGifomraP
37

(8)

Dakkhiya anudisya sabbe satt

aver hontu, abypajj hontu, angh hontu,
sukh attna pariharantu.

In the South-East direction, may all beings who live in the countless universe be free from enmity and danger; be free from mental suffering; be free from physical pain; take care of themselves
happily.
(9)

Michael Myint

Hehimya disya sabbe satt

aver hontu, abypajj hontu, angh hontu,
sukh attna pariharantu.

In the direction below, may all beings who live in the awful
realms in all direction of countless universe be free from enmity
and danger; be free from mental suffering; be free from physical
pain; take care of themselves happily.
(10) Uparimya disya sabbe satt
aver hontu, abypajj hontu, angh hontu,
sukh attna pariharantu.
In the direction above, may all beings who live in the deity realms
in all direction of countless universe be free from enmity and danger; be free from mental suffering; be free from physical pain;
take care of themselves happily.
Ashin Pannobasa

36

80.a':armfvDjrjr0if; (wfouFef;zdk;jyefvSL)
81.Dr.nDnDtm;&nfpl; Dr .cifarmifxGef;+a':csdKcsdK
82.a'gufwmnDnD+a'gufwma':rsdK;at;rdom;pk
83.udk&efrsdL;ausmf+r&D&Da|;rdom;pk
84.udkoD[aemif+ra|;a|;cdkifrdom;pk
85.rdbrsm;&nfpl; a':eefpD
86.a'gufwmrif;pdef+a':Zmenf0if;rdom;pk
87.uG,fvGefolzcifOD;cRefazgiftm;&nfpl;orD;(---)
88.Dr atmifMunfjrifh+Dr a|;a|;&D (om;)

ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30

89.udkPfrdk;+raxG;axG;ausmf (orD;) Hazel Pfrdk;

90.a':armfvDpdk;ESifhom;rsm;
91.a':rDrDnGefU rdom;pk
92.Yalandal , Graham+Son Nathan
93.Eugene Nyunt (,l*sif;nGefU)
94.udkxifausmf+ra&mf&DSef
95.udkwifpdk;+rEkEkvGif (om;) &Jrif;xufwif
(orD;) cifpEmwif
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
96.a'gufwmwifwif0if; (Peterborough)
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
97.OD;pdk;&if+a':at;jrifhrdom;pk
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
98.udkxGef;0if;+rcifjzLjzLpdk;
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
99.a'gufwmrif;ndK+a':cifjraqG
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
100.a'gufwmcifaZmf+a':jrapm
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
101.rdcifa':oef;oef;at;tm;trI;xm;? zcifOD;oef;at;tm;
&nfpl; OD;vif;oef;at;ESifharmifESpfrwpfpk
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
102.a'gufwmatmifodef;+a':oef;oef;odef;
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
103.a'gufwmausmfoif;rdom;pk
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
154.OD;jraz+a':oef;EGJUtm;&nfpl; Dr jrjrrl
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
105.a'gufwmoef;vGif+a':at;at;oef;vGifrdom;pk
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
106.OD;armifarmifuav;+a':cifvSjrifh (orD;)
a'gufwmrGefrGefuav;rdom;pk
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
9

107.OD;bkef;ausmf+a'gufwmcifjzLEdk; (om;)cdkifESifhcefU
108.a'gufwmjroef; rdom;pk
109.MR MANGAT+ a':tkef;nGefUrdom;pk
110.a':MunfMunfar
111.MRS P M GRAY+MR LEOLIE GRAY

ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30

(Son) Richard Gray (Daughter) Susan Gray

112.MR THULANJIT MAHIDA WIJESURIYA
113.MRS DOROTHY FARGUSAN

ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30

114.OD;ciftm;&nfpl; a':at;jrcifrdom;pk
115.a'gufwmarmifMunf+a':ar&D&Dpdef (om;)
Munfvif;[ef
116.a'gufwmpdk;rif;xGef;+vAfZDESifhrdom;pk
117.a'gufwmjrifhodef;+a':OrmoGifrdom;pk
118.udkaomif;jrifhvwf
119.a'gufwm&Jausmfoljrifhrdom;pk
120.a':atcsrf;rdk;? a':jrwfEdk;[ef
121.rrdk;aTyef;csDOD; (wpfESpfajrmufarG;aeY)
122.udkoef;pdk;
123.Miss SUDA

ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
ouFef; 1-pHk 30
aygif 10
aygif 10

(4) Dakkhiya disya sabbe satt

aver hontu, abypajj hontu, angh hontu,
sukh attna pariharantu.

In the Southern direction, may all beings who live in the countless
universe be free from enmity and danger; be free from mental suffering; be free from physical pain; take care of themselves happily.
(5) Puratthimya anudisya sabbe satt

aver hontu, abypajj hontu, angh hontu,

sukh attna pariharantu.

In the North-East direction, may all beings who live in the countless universe be free from enmity and danger; be free from mental
suffering; be free from physical pain; take care of themselves happily.
(6) Pacchimya anudisya sabbe satt
aver hontu, abypajj hontu, angh hontu,
sukh attna pariharantu.

In the South-West direction, may all beings who live in the countless universe be free from enmity and danger; be free from mental

udk,fydkifouFef; tvSLSifrsm;pm&if;

suffering; be free from physical pain; take care of themselves happily.

1.a'gufwmjrifhodef;+a':OrmoGif (orD;) at;jrwfcdkif

(om;) atmifvif;odef;rdom;pk
2.a'gufwmodef;jrifh rdom;pk
3.OD;rsdK;xGef;+a':&D&DoG,f (orD;) a0ZifrsdK;
4.a'gufwmOD;vSjrifh+a':cif0if;Ekrdom;pk

10

udk,fydkifouFef;
udk,fydkifouFef;
udk,fydkifouFef;
udk,fydkifouFef;

1-pHk
1-pHk
1-pHk
2-pHk

(7)

Uttarya anudisya sabbe satt

aver hontu, abypajj hontu, angh hontu,

sukh attna pariharantu.

In the North-West direction, may all beings who live in the countless universe be free from enmity and danger; be free from

35

Loving-kindness Meditation
(1)

Puratthimya disya sabbe satt

aver hontu, abypajj hontu, angh hontu,
sukh attna pariharantu.

In the Eastern direction, may all beings who live in the countless universe be free from enmity and danger; be free from mental suffering; be free from physical pain; take care of themselves happily.
(2) Pacchimya disya sabbe satt

aver hontu, abypajj hontu, angh hontu,

sukh attna pariharantu.

aiGya'omyif tvSLSifrsm;pm&if;

1.trnfrodtvSLSifrsm;rS vSL'gef;aiG
2.a'gufwmaZ,smaT+a'gufwmrrdk;qrf;
3.a'gufwmudkudk+a':armfvDjrjr0if;rdom;pk
4.OD;xdefMunfvif;+a':vGifrmudk (om;)
armifZrLae0if;? armifokwae0if; rdom;pk
5.a'gufwmrif;pdef+a':Zmenf0if;
6.OD;xGef;a0+a':jrpdeftrI;xm; rcifrOL
7.a':wifwif0if;rdom;pk
8.OD;jr[ef+a':oef;a|;rdom;pk
9.OD;,k&if+a':cifat;trI;xm; ri,faxG;
10.MR B D CAVE +a':,k,ka0
11.udkEdkifvif;xuf
12.udkaevif;xGef;

aygif 95
aygif 50
aygif 50
aygif 50
aygif 30
aygif 20
aygif 20
aygif 10
aygif 10
aygif 10
aygif 10
aygif 10

qGrf;tvSLSifrsm;pm&if;

In the Western direction, may all beings who live in the countless
universe be free from enmity and danger; be free from mental suffering; be free from physical pain; take care of themselves happily.
(3) Uttarya disya sabbe satt
aver hontu, abypajj hontu, angh hontu,
sukh attna pariharantu.
In the Northern direction, may all beings who live in the countless
universe be free from enmity and danger; be free from mental suf-

1.a'gufwmatmif&D+a'gufwm,Of,OfNrdKif (orD;)
a'gufwm,OfrGefatmif&D? a'gufwmoDwmatmif&D
2.OD;btHk;+a':ciftef;rdom;pk
3.OD;atmifausmfEdkif+a'gufwmvJhvJhcdkifrdom;pk
4.zcifOD;tHk;MuG,ftm;&nfpl; a'gufwmwifwifMuG,f
5.jrefrmoHHk;rdom;pk
6.udkrdk;rdk;aZmfpdk;+roif;oif;pdk;rdom;pk

fering; be free from physical pain; take care of themselves happily.

34

11

aygif
aygif
aygif
aygif
aygif
aygif

520
240
170
143
75
60

Radiation of loving kindness

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.

May
May
May
May
May
May
May
May
May
May

I be well and happy and free from suffering and pain.

my parents be ------my teachers be ------my relatives and friends be -----all sentient beings be ----their everday earnings fulfilled.
all their household affairs be well setted.
they be free from all sorts of physical pains.
they be free from all sort of mental defilements.
their good wishes be fulfilled.
Radiation of compassion

()

1.
2.
3.

May
May
from
May
from

those beings fallen into distress be free from it.

those beings fallen into perils and dangers be free
them.
those beings fallen into sorrows and worries be free
them.
Radiation of Sympathetic Joy

1.
2.
3.
4.

May
May
May
May

their
their
their
their

physical and metal beauty remain intact.

name and fame remain intact.
good friendship and relationship remain fixed.
weath and wellbeing remain intact.

ajrmif;jrq&mawmfBuD;

12

33

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)

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]]

}}

32

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ygonf/
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xifSm;aomoufao wpfckyif jzpfayonf/ jrwfAk'omoemuG,faomtcg
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pwifuG,fyrnfrdkU jrefrmEdkifiH0,f ae&mwdkif; ae&mwdkif;rSm y|mef;a'oem
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GwfzwfylaZmfaeMujcif;onf tm;wufzG,fyif jzpfayonf/
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avmuD aumukw&maumif;usdK; taxGaxGudk &apEdkifwmaMumifh raumif;
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jcif;aMumifh wpfcsdKUu y|mef;a'oemudk tdrfrSm rGwfaumif;[k ,lqxm;Muol
rsm;vnf;dSygonf?xdkodkUajymqdkaejcif;onf ,kwdrdS[kqdk&ygrnf? jrwfpGmbk&m;
onf y|mef;a'oemawmftm; y&rwobm0 w&m;wdkU\ aMumif;usdK;ypnf;
qufoG,faeyHkudk enf;rsdK;pHkjzifh a[mxm;aomaMumifh raumif;qdk;0g;rsm; 'ku
a&muf tE&m,fjzpfaponfr[kwfyg? wHcdk;BuD;rm; ewfjA[mrsm; av;pm; jrwf
Edk; wefzdk;xm;&onfh w&m;awmfjzpfygonf? y|mef;a'oemawmfudk wm0wom
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awmfudk em,l oifMum; GwfyGg;aomyk*dKvfrsm;tm; arwmouf0if cspfcifvQuf
tm;&Tifvef; 0rf;ajrmufpGmjzifh ab;&efuif;aysmuf tE&m,f ra&mufMuapyJ
avmukwfavmuD ESpfvDyGg;wdk; aumif;usdK;axGaxG&dSavatmifapmifhaSmuful
nDMurnfrSm rkcs{uef trSefyifjzpfayonf/
13

oufyef;q&mawmfBuD;ESifh y|mef;a'oem
oufyef;q&mawmfBuD;um; rEav;acwfu xifay:ausmfMum;cJhaom
q&mawmfBuD;wpfyg; jzpfcJhygonf? q&mawmfBuD;OD;aqmifvQuf 'um 'umr
rsm; oD[dkVfuRef;odkU oabFmc&D;jzifh bk&m;zl;xGufcJhpOf yifv,fjyif a&muf
aomtcgrarQmfvifhyJ rkefwdkif;BuD;wpfck aS;Iwdkufcdkufvmaeonfudk oabFm
rmvdefrI;u rMumcif tE&m,fusa&mufawmhrnfjzpfaMumif; owday;ae
ojzifh oabFmpD; c&D;onfrsm; a,muf,ufcwfum [dkajy; 'Dajy;ESifh Asmrsm;
aeMupOf q&mawmfBuD;uawmh rvIyfr,Suf EkwfrjrGufyJ wnfMunf Nidrfouf
&ifhMuufaom ajEjzifh rdrdaeYpOf bk&m;ylaZmfaeMu y|mef;w&m;awmfudkowd
&umoabFmOD;xGufNyD; rkefwdkif;vm&mbufodkU aS;IrsufESmrlvQuf taMumuf
w&m;uif; &Jwif;Munfvif yDjyifaom toHawmfjzifh bk&m;tmHkjyKum y|mef;
w&m;awmfudk GwfzwfylaZmfaeygawmhonf? rMumcifrkefwdkif;onf oabFm
qDodkU rvmawmhyJ vrf;aMumif;ajymif;um tm;vHk;toufcsrf;om&m &oGm;
Muygonf? tm;vHk;uvnf; q&mawmfBuD;tm; aus;Zl;wifpum; avQmuf
xm;um y|mef;w&m;awmfBuD; wHcdk;BuD;aMumif;udkvnf; vlwdkif;&JUEkwfzsm;rSm
r&yfrem; ajymqdkaeMuygawmhonf/
y|mef;w&m;awmfonf avmuDtusdK;omr[kwf avmukw&m tusdK;
udkvnf; txG#ftxdyftxd &dSapEdkifygonf? oD[dkVfacwfu r[m*wd*rd,
wd'w rax&fBuD;wpfyg; oD[dkVfrS tdEd,odkU a&vrf;c&D;jzifh b&m;zl;MuG
vmpOf yifv,fjyifa&mufaomtcg vIdif;wHydk;BuD;rsm; MunfhNyD; vIdif;wHydk;rsm;
uyif BuD;rm;us,fjyefUavoavm? y|mef;w&m;awmfBuD;uyif BuD;rm;us,f
jyefUavoavm-[k pOf;pm;onfhtcg yifv,fBuD;onf atmufajc ajrxk?
txufaumif;uif? ab;wpfzufurf;ajc? wpfzufpMum0Vm wHwdkif;rsm;
jzifh um&Hum tydkif;tjcm;dSyg\? y|mef;w&m;awmfBuD;onfum; enf;pHkjyGrf;
qHk;cef; rjrif tvGefyif us,f0ef;vSayonfwum;-[krax&fjrwf\ Pf
awmfwGif xifjrifvmum y|mef;w&m;awmf MunfNidKjcif;o'gw&m;udk tajc
cH Tifvef;rIaomre? ESpfoufrIyDwdw&m;rsm jzpfay:vmNyD; yDwdudk
0durejyKvQuf 0rf;ajrmufrI ygarmZw&m;rsm; qufwdkufjzpfay:vmonfh
tay:0,f rNrJaomtedp? qif;&Jaom'ku? tpdk;r&aom tewygwum;[k
vuPma&;oHk;yg;wif qifjcifIrSwfvdkufaomtcg tmoa0gukefcrf;&[Em
jzpfawmfrlcJhygonf/
14

()

()

() ()

(= + =)

()

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() (
() ()

()

()

() () () () ()

()

31


- -

]] } }

"There's no time like the present"

""

()

()

() () ()

() r

()

onfwdkUum; y|mef;w&m;awmf\ tusdK;*kPftif tmedoifrsm;yif jzpfyg

onf/ wpfcsdKUu y|mef;a'oemawmfonf tvGefcufcJaomaMumifh teuf
t"dyg,frodyJ GwfzwfaevdkU bmtusdK;dSrvJ-vdkUvJ ar;wwfMuygonf? rSef
ygonf-t"dyg,fodzdkU rvG,fvSyg? wjcm; y&dwf "rpMum tewvuP
okwfwdkUonfvnf; t"dyg,fodzdkU cufcJvSygonf? ygVdpmayonf rdrdwdkU
twGuf tcufcJqHk; bmom&yfwpfckjzpfonfudk rjiif;Edkifyg? odkUaomf uy
bk&m;Sifvufxufu vif;EdkUom;ig;&mwdkUonf vIdPf*l wpfcktwGif; &[ef;
awmfrsm; Gwfzwfaeaom tbd"rmw&m;oHudkem,lMu&NyD; pkawaomtcg
ewfjynfodkUa&mufum a*gwrjrwfpGmbk&m;Sif vufxufawmf0,f a&tpHk
rD;tpHk tpHktpHkaom wHcdk;jym#d[mudk jyawmfrlaom0gqdkvjynfhaeYrSm &[ef;
jyKawmfrlMuNyD; 0gwGif;oHk;vywfvHk; tSifom&dykw&mxHwGif tbd"rmw&m;
awmfudk rusOf; rus,fenf;jzifh emMum;&um tm;vHk;yif uRwfwrf;0ifcJh
Mu&ygonf/
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pdkufaxmifaeaom zg;ow0gav;udk EGm;ausmif;om;u 'kwfESifh axmufrdvdkU
uG,fvGefaomtcg ewfjynfa&muf ,lZemoHk;q,f us,f0ef;aom Adrmefydkif
Sifjzpf&ygonf? uukoefjrwfpGmbk&m; vufxufawmfu Muufrav;wpf
aumif ur|mef;ausmif;teD; tpmSmaepOf &[ef;wpfyg;\ ur|mef;Gwf
qdkaeaom toHudk em;axmif&if; odef;pGefokwfvdkU ao&NyD; O'kA&Drif;orD;
jzpfvm&ygonf?xdkvif;EdkUom;ig;&m zm;ow0gESifh Muufrav;wdkUonf teuf
t"dyg,fudkum; rodEdkifMuyg? xdkodkUteuft"dyg,f rodEdkifMuaomfvnf;
om,maom w&m;toHawmf0,f MunfEl;aompdwfjzifh emMum;&aomaMumifh
ewfjynf vlUjynfodkU toD;oD; a&mufMu&ygonf? rdrdum; vlom;jzpfonfh
tm;avQmfpGm w&m;awmftay:0,f ,HkMunfrIo'gw&m; dSNyD;jzpfvdkUwefzdk;
rjzwfEdkifaom tusdK;w&m;rsm; &dSvdrfhrnfqdkwm oHo,yGg; ,HkrSm;p&mrdSyg?
oifMum; Gwfzwfolvnf; tusdK;rsm;? emMum;olvnf;ukodkvf&? txuf
olawmfaumif; ewfjA[mrsm;vnf; av;pm;cspfcifMuwmaMumifh edAmefwdkifxd
tusdK;dSaprnfh y|mef;w&m;awmfudk avhvm oifMum; GwfyGg; ylaZmfoifh
aMumif; apwemaumif;jzifh wdkufwGef;vdkuf&ayownf;/

tSifZeu

30

15

August vrS December vtxd qGrf;pm;aqmif tvSLSifrsm;pm&if;

(6) NEd, ya&my&d,wd Pfawmf

1.a'gufwmOD;nDnDtm;&nfpl; a'gufwma':rsdK;at;rdom;pk
aygif 2100
2.udkyDwm*dk;+rpkvIdif*dk; (orD;) [,fvif*dk;rdom;pk
aygif 500
3.a'gufwmnDnDtm;&nfpl; a'gufwmudkudkEdkif+a'gufwmrdk;rdk;ausmfvGif
(om;) Nidrf;csrf;Edkifrdom;pk
aygif 300
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aygif 200
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aygif 200
6.udkaewdk;atmif+raejcnftdtdrdom;pk
aygif 200
7.a'gufwmnDnDtm;&nfpl; OD;cifaZmf+a':rDrDausmfvGif
(orD;) rat;at;cefUrdom;pk (&efukef)
aygif 200
8.a'gufwmausmfZifoef;+a'gufwmaqGaqG0if;rdom;pk
aygif 200
9.a'gufwmausmfvif;+a'gufwmcifzkef;armfrdom;pk
aygif 180
10.Mr David Cave+a':,k,ka0rdom;pk
aygif 170
11.Mrs Coroline Gibbs Family (In memory of late Dr Nyi Nyi) aygif 150
12.Mr Thulanjit Mahinda Wijesuriya
aygif 130
13.rdbrsm;jzpfaom Dr.apmb[def;+a':aTpdefESifhDr.armifarmif+
a':MunfMunftm; trI;xm; Dr.&nfaoG;+Dr.MunfMunfvS
(orD;) a'gufwmcifaoG;rdom;pk
aygif 100
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aygif 100
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aygif 100
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(orD;) ,kav;rGef? pkarolrdom;pk
aygif 100
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aygif 100
18.Myanmar Institute rSoli,fcsif;rsm;aumif;rI
aygif 100
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aygif 100
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aygif 100
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aygif 63.50
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aygif 60
24.rdbESpfyg;trI;xm; a'gufwmvDvDatmif
aygif 50

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trSef twdkif; odjrifaomPfonf `Ed,ya&my&d,wd Pfawmfrnf\/

16

29

(7) psme 0darmuE orm"d ormywd Pfawmf

psm ef w &m; 0d arm u w &m; orm "d w &m; orm ywf wd k Y \

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xajrmuf aMumif;w&m;rsm;udk trS eftwdkif; od jrifaomPfonf
psme0darmuE orm"d ormywdPfawmfrnf\/
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twdkif; odjrifaomPfonf ykaAed0gomEkwd Pfawmfrnf\/
(9) 'dApuK Pfawmf

ewfwdkU\ rsufpdxufyif ydkrdktm;aumif; teD;ta0;&Sd odrfarGUao;i,f aom tqif;ta&mif t&m0wKrsm;ESihf ow0gwdkU\ pkawjcif;
y#doaE aejcif;udk trSeftwdkif; odjrifaomPfonf 'dApuK Pfawmfrnf\/ (pkwlyygwPf awmf[kvnf; ac:onf/)
(10) tmo0u, Pfawmf

avmb 'd|dESihf t0dZm(arm[) ac:aom tmoa0gw&m;oHk;yg;wdkU\

vufpoyf csKyfNidrf;ukefqHk;&mjzpfaom t&[wr*fPfonf tmo0u,
Pfawmfrnf\/
ajrmif;jrq&mawmfBuD;

Pfawmf (10) yg; t"dyg,f

(1) XmemXme aumov Pfawmf

tusKd;w&m;rsm; jzpfzdkU&ef taMumif;[kwfonf r[kwfonfudk trSef

twdkif; odjrifaomPfonf XmemXme aumov Pfawmfrnf\/
(2) 0dygu Pfawmf

umvoHk;yg; jyKvkyfaqmufwnftyfaom uHw&m;wdkU\ tusKd;0dyguf

udk trSeftwdkif; odjrifaom Pfonf 0dyguPfawmfrnf\/

25.Dr Wilbert Hoe+ Sook Ling family

26.Dr nDnDtm;&nfpl; Dr.atmifMunfjrifh+Dr.a|;a|;&D
27.a'gufwmwifwif0if; rdom;pk
28.Mr Caesar and Family
29.rdbESpfyg;trI;xm; rpkpkaxG;aumif;rI
30.OD;btkef;+a':ciftef;rdom;pk
31.a'gufwmwif0if;+a':cifcifjrifhrdom;pk
32.a'gufwmausmfjrifh+a'gufwmcifvSjrifh (orD;) Kathy
33.a'gufwmoef;xGef;a0+a':EkEka0rdom;pk
34.a'gufwmodef;aZmf+a'gufwmoef;oef;0if;rdom;pk
35.rdbrsm;&nfpl; reefpDaumif;rI
36.roJjzL0if;+John rdom;pk
37.trnfraz:tvSLSifwpfOD;
38.udkrdk;rdk;aZmfpdk;+roif;oif;pdk;rdom;pk

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50
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10

(3) oAw*grdeD y#dy'g Pfawmf

b0rsKd;pHkodkU a&mufaMumif;jzpfaom aumif;raumif;aom tusihfESihf

edAmefodkU a&mufaMumif;jzpfaom aumif;aom tusihftm;vHk;udk trSeftwdkif;
odjrifaomPfonf oAw*grdeD y#dy'g Pfawmfrnf\/
(4) taeu"mwk emem"mwk Pfawmf

bk&m;&Sif csD;usL;cH&ol
{0H 0d [m& tmwmy? ta[m&w rwEd wH /
wH a0 ba' u&aw mwd ? oaE m tmpd u a w rk e d /
(ba'u &wo kw f)

ouf&Sdjzpfonhf Oyg'dEuocFg&wdkUESihf pyfaomcEm tm,we "mwf

oabmtrsKd;rsKd;ESihf oufrJhjzpfonhf tEkyg'dEu ocFg&avmu\ xl;jym;
uGJvGJcsuf trsKd;rsKd;udk trSeftwdkif; odjrifaomPfonf taeu"mwk emem
"mwk Pfawmfrnf\/
(5) emem"drkwdu Pfawmf

ow0gwdkU\ trsKd;rsKd;aom ESvHk;oGif; tvdkoabmxm; tpm;pm;udk

trSeftwdkif;odjrifaom Pfonf taeu"mwk emem"drkwdu Pfawmfrnf
\/
28

ta[m&wH- aeUa&mnyg umvrwdrf; tcgcyfodrf;? twEdwH- ysif;&d

zihfETJUraebJomvQif?{0H 0d[m&- owdorZOf rjywf,SOf tpOfyGm;rsm; odkU
tm;xkwf aeavh&Sdaom? tmwmy-udavomqla<u; tylab;udk Nidrf;at; ap
wwf ory"mefvHkUv 0D&d,&Sdayaom? wH-xdkuJhaom a,m*Dyk*dKvfudk? ba'
u&awmwd-wpfnnfhwmrQ udk,fydkif&onhf umvtwGif; &efa&SmifuGif;
aumif;jcif;jyKrl t&,laom yk*dKvf[l? rked-r[moyK&do avmuwkr&Sd rked
xGwfxm; jrwfbk&m;onf?a0-pifppf? tmpduaw- a&TMumukrk'f udk,fawmfEIwfrS
zGihfxkwf>rufazmf csD;usL;awmfrlcJhavownf;/
17

MunfhwwfygrS oHa0*

avmurSm ouf&dSow0grSeforQ Sharp vision qkdwJhxufjruf pl;&SwJhrsuf

vHk;ESpfvHk;ukd ykdifqkdifxm;Muygonf/ wpfvHk;uawmh taumif;ukd MunfhEkdifovkd
wpfvHk;uawmh tqkd;ukd MunfhwwfzkdY vkdygvdrfhrnf/ taumif;eJUtqkd;taMumif;
eJUtusKd;ukd qHk;jzwfqifjcifwwf&ef obm0u zefwD;ay;xm;w,fvkdY ajymr,f
qdk&ifvnf; rSm;vdrfhrnfrxif/ uav;awGuvnf; uav;rsufpd tavQmuf jrif
jriforQ t&m0wKawGukd MunfhMurSmygyJ? vlBuD;awGuvnf; vlBuD;tMudKuf
ukd,fhpkdufeJUukd,f ukd,fhtjrifeJUukd,fukd,ftxifeJUukd,f ukd,fh&nfrSef;suf
yef;wkdif eJUukd,fMunfhMuwmygyJ/ bmoma&;orm;awGuvnf; ukd,f,HkMunf
ukd;uG,f onfhbmomtm;avsmfpGm tjriftrsKd;rsKd; &dSMuygonf/ wcsKdUqkd&if
t&G,fyifi,f ygaomfvnf; yg&rD "mwfcHav;awGu ygvmawmh b0ukdIjrif
oHk;oyfonfh ae&mrSm tjcm;olrsm;xufyif toGifxl;wwfMuygonf/
tavmif;awmfawG&JUtjrif eJU evydef;wHk;awG&JU tjrifuawmh rwlxl;jcm;wm
awmh trSefygyJ/
wcgw&H ukd,fh&JU View eJU rSefw,fvkdY xif&ayrJhvnf; wpfyg;ol&JU
View xJrSm vGJcsifvGJaewwfygonf/ rdbeJUom;orD;awGu tjrifrwlMuovkd
q&meJU wynfhawGuvnf; tjrifcsif; wlMurnfr[kwfyg/ r,m;eJU tdrf&SifwkdYu
oabm xm;csif; wxyfxJ rjzpfEkdifovkd oli,fcsif; tcsif;csif;vnf;yJ oabmuGJoGm; MuwmawG 'keJUa';ygyJ/ bmjzpfvkdYvJqkdawmh wpfvHk;wnf;eJU
ajymr,fqkd&if &nf rSef;csufyef;wkdifawG rwlMuvkdYygyJ/wu,fvkdYrsm;
&nfrSef;csufyef;wkdifcsif; tjrif csif;wlMurnfqkdvQif vlUbHkavmurSm vl&,fvkdY
&dSawmhrnfr[kwfyg/ tukefvHk; edAmef0ifpH MurnfrSm rvGJ{uefyif/
wpfaeYaom tcgrSm bk&m;&Sif&JU aemufvkduf&[ef; em*ormv onf
bk&m;&Sif&JU oydwfouFef;y&du&mawGukd ykdufum bk&m;&SifeJUtwl c&D;xGufcJh yg
onf/ awmvrf;c&D;a&mufawmh vrf;ESpfcGukd jrifMuonfh tcgrSm bk&m;&Sifu
nmbufvrf;ukda&G;awmh t&Sifem*ormvub,fbufvrf;ukdoGm;&ef tm;oef
aeygonf/xkdvrf;bufokdY roGm;&efoHk;Budrfwkdifwkdif bk&m;&Sifu wm;jrpfygaomf
vnf;t&Sifem*ormv ravsmhbJbk&m;&Sifukdyif jiif;qefaeygawmhonf/aemuf
qHk;rSmawmhbk&m;pum;ukd Against vkyfumbk&m;Sif&JUouFef; oydwfawGukdajr
rSmcsum rdrdoGm;csifonfhvrf;ukd qufvSrf;vkdufwJh om"uawGvnf; tajrmuf
tjrm;&dScJhzl;ygonf/bk&m;&Sifu t&Sifem*ormv\ tusKd;ukdarQmfukd;um roGm;
18

LIFE IS A BATTLE, IS NOT A SACRIFICIAL

Life is a battle.It will be full of stuggle

Both physical and mental couragere required
To go further, To reach higher,
Be a fighter, Never be a surrender
Never expect life as a bed of rose.
It may disguide you as an intoxicant
It may delude your visible vision
It may hinder you as a deterrent.
You may fall at first, To achieve your aim,
Still aim high, To gain your target,
Then get up and fight,
Rather than giving it upBut embattling firm.
Even millions and millions miles of a journey
Though its far to the un-ending odyssey
Should set off with the first step
Should paddle with the first row.
Then your fate will shine with graceful glory
Then you will sail through your goal
Then you can master your destiny
Then the world will approve your story
Anandarleey (Nandapala), UK.

27

SUFFERING AND EMPTINESS

Oh, how nonsense the circle of life is!
For the youthfulness is- As a current of water fall,
Flowing down by force From the top of Mt Meru.
Vitality of life is, Like torch of dried grass,
Burning with fiery, furious fire of old-age, decay,
And passing away. Possessions, properties, belongings are,
As a short spring, shadow that passed so quick
With the force of momentum.
The union with beloved ones,
Parents, children, husbands and wives are,
Like a sweet dream As a fantasy world
That lasts for a second, Which exists for a moment.
By Anandarlee (Nandapa-la)

26

oifhaMumif;jrifygaomfvnf; t&Sifem*ormvuawmh jzwfvrf;avmufom

jrifaomaMumifh 'kuawG&mufcJh&ygonf/ onfum; vrf;c&D;wpfcktay:rSm
MunfhyHkMunfhenf; jrifyHkjrifenf;rwlnDwmukd az:jyvkdufjcif;yifwnf;/
ykxkZOfwkdY\obm0 touft&G,fEke,fwJhtcsdefrSm ,k0rmefawGjzpf
wwfMuygw,f/ i,f&G,fonfhtavQmuf rdrdwkdYrSm jyKvkyfEkdifwJh um,tpGrf;
owdPtpGrf;owdawG tynfht0&dSwwfMuygonf/ rmefqkdonfrSm ao,s
rmef o'dormef [Dermef&,fvkdY oHk;rsKd;&dSygonf/ ao,srmefqkdwm *kPfoa&
&dSwJholawG ynmwwfwJholawG pnf;pdrfOpm csrf;om<u,f0wJholawG kyf&nf
ly um,acsmarmvSywJh olawGrSm jzpfwwfMuygonf/ 'Dvl[m ighavmuf
*kPf oa&r&dSygbl;? ighavmuf ynm rwwfygbl;? ighavmuf rcsrf;omygbl;?
ighavmuf kyf&nflyum, racsmarmygbl;? ighavmuf trsKd;Zmwfraumif;yg
bl;qkdNyD;awmh rmefrmeawG wufaewwfMuygonf/
ypdrb0du t*r[mom0dum acrmrdzk&m;BuD;onfyifvQif bk&m;&Sif
ukd,fawmfwkdif tedp 'ku tew oabmw&m;rsm; 0ifvmatmif olrxuf
vSywhJ trsKd;orD;toGifudk wefckd;'dyg'feJUzefqif;um tkdemaojcif; oabm
w&m;ukd vufawGU usus jyawmfrlcJhaomaMumifh rdzk&m;BuD;rSm aMumufvefY
um oHa0*w&m;rsm; &vmaomtcgrS bduKeD0wf&ef pdwftm; xufoefum
w&m;yGm;rsm;jcif;jzifh aemufqHk;rSm t*om0dum jzpfvmcJh&ygonf/ qkdvkd
onfrSm oHa0*w&m; r0ifbJeJUawmh w&m;tay:rSm t"dywdwyfzkdYqkdwm
yg&rD&SifBuD;rsm;awmifrS rvG,fulvSygbl;/ t&Sifom&dykw&m t&Sifr[m
arm*vmefwkdY tavmif;vsmjzpfMuaom OywdESifh aumvdwvkvifwkdYonf
yGJMunfh&if;ESifhyifwpfaeYus&if yGJMunfhaeMuwJh y&dowftm;vHk;wkdYonf tukef
vHk;aoyGJ0ifMu&rSmygwum;vkdU oHa0*w&m;awG0ifvmMuum ESpfOD;om;trSef
w&m;ukd&SmazGcJhMuonf/'gaMumifh]]Eke,f kyfqif;? ysKdjrpfjcif;um;?tkdjcif;aemuf
qHk;&dSacs\/ 0dnmOfxifvif;? ouf&Sifjcif;um;? aojcif;aemufqHk;&dSacs\/}}
[k Z&m r&PESifhpyf oHa0*w&m; yGm;rsm;oifhMuygonf/
tkd;tdrfwkdufwm O,sOfjcHajr ypnf;awG b,favmufyif aygrsm;aygrsm;
wpf0rf;wpfcg;xufykdum rpm;Ekdif r0wfEkdifMuygbl;/ t0wftpm;awGb,f
avmufyifaygrsm;aygrsm; r[vwmwef;qmvkd 0wfqifEkdifol r&dSMuao;yg
bl;?,ckacwfrSm wwfpGrf;Ekdifonf xm;tHk;awmh q,fajymifig;pD;tm; ykdifolrS
omvQif0wfqifEkdifygonf/ ukd,fykdifqkdifxm;wJh PropertyawG b,favmuf
rsm;rsm; wefckd; Power awG b,favmufyJ xGm;xGm; aemufqHk;usawmhoQpf
oQm;oD; wpfjcrf;om ykdifqkdifawmhwJh oD&d"rmaomurif;BuD;&JU nOf;nL;oH
19

ukd pOf;pm;oifhygonf/ 'gaMumifh]]Opmqifjrif;? aygrsm;jcif;um;? ,kd,Gif;aemuf

qHk;&dSacs\/ wuf<um;<u<u? armufvGef;uvnf;? avsmus aemufqHk;&dSacs\/}}
[k "eESifhpyf oHa0*w&m; yGm;xm;oifhMuygonf/
avmbukd ry,fEkdiforQ umvywfvHk; wyfrufrSKpGJvrf;rSK vkdcsifwG,fwm
rSKqkdwmawG &dSaeMurSmygyJ/ okdYaomf tenf;eJUtrsm;awmh uGmjcm;csifuGmjcm; yg
vdrfhrnf/wyfrufrI pGJvrf;rI tm;BuD;vQif tm;BuD;oavmuf 'kua&mufwwfMu
ygonf/b,favmufcspfcifwG,fwm jrwfEkd;w,fvkdYyJ ajymajym avmurSm ukd,fh
ukd,fukdavmuf cspfwJholqkdwm r&dSbl;vkdY rvdumrdzk&m;BuD;u aumovrif;BuD;
ukdajymcJhwJhpum;udk Mum;zl;MurSmyg/ 'gaMumifh om;cspf orD;cspf vifcspf r,m;
cspf ajr;cspf jrpfcspf aemufqHk; cspfp&mr&dSawmh wd&pmefukd,fyif cspfcif wG,f
wmwwfMuwmygyJ/ b,favmufyJ cspfcifwG,fwm aeayrJhvJyJ wpfaeY us&if
auGu Gi f ; jcif ; yl aqG ; jcif ; aomu Asmyg&w&m;awG eJ U BuH K&rS mygvm;/
'gaMumifU]]cspfcif aygif;oif;? qufqHjcif;um;? auGuGif; aemufqHk;&dSacs\/
cHkrifc,? cspfvGef;uvnf;? aomuaemufqHk; &dSacs\/}}vkdY yd,ESifhpyf
oHa0*w&m; BudKwif yGm;rsm;oifhMuygonf/
rEkvlom;awGrSmukd,feJU ywfouf&m ywfoufaMumif; aumif;
owif;awGukdom csD;rGrf;wwfMuwm obm0ygyJ/ 'g[m twkdif;twm wpfck
txdavmufygyJ/ twkdif;twm wpfckxuf ausmfvGefoGm;ygu xkdcsD;rGrf; olrsm;
uyifjyefNyD; uJh&JUwwfMuygonf/ 'gaMumifh avmu"Hw&m; &Spfyg;xJrSm edEm
yoHomuJh&JUjcif; csD;rGrf;jcif; ESpfrsKd;pvHk;yif avmu"H[k qkdxm;ygonf/ wcsKdUu
uJh&JUjcif;om avmu"H[k xifaewwfMuygonf/ wu,fwrf;usawmh csD;rGrf;
jcif ; onf v nf ; avmu"H w &m;ygyJ v k d Y ES v H k ; oG i f ; um ]]yG J v ,f j yif y ?
csD ;rG rf ; Muvnf ; ? Iw fc saemufq Hk ; &dS acs\/}} [k edE yoHoES if hpyf
oHa0* ,loifhygonf/
avmurSm cspfcifMunfEl;p&mawG cHkrifwG,fwmp&mawG tqif;qkdwJh
lygHkawGtoHqkdwJho'gHkawG tarG;eHUomqkdwJh*EmHkawG csOfiHpyfcg;qkdwJh&omHk
awG El;nHhodrfarGUjcif;qkdwJh aAm|AmHkawGeJU b,favmufyif csrf;omaysmf&Tif
aeayrJhvnf;yJ twkdif;twmwpfckukd ausmfvGefoGm;rnfqkdygu 'kuaemufokdY
waumufaumuf vkduf&wmygyJ/ okcmeE&H 'kuH-csrf;omjcif;&JUaemufuG,f
rSm qif;&Jjcif;apmifhaewmygyJvkdY ESvHk;rlum ]]Munfom&Tifys? csrf;omMuvnf;?
'kuaemuf qHk;&dSacs\ }}okcESifhpyf oHa0*av;awG &,lxm;EkdifMuygonf/

20

December Meditation Retreat wGif

tkPfqGrf; aeYqGrf; tvSLSifrsm;pm&if;

1.(24)&ufaeY

tkPfqGrf;

/
2.(25)&ufaeY
/

aeUqGrf;
tkPfqGrf;
aeYqGrf;

3.(26)&ufaeY
/
4.(27)&ufaeY
/
5.(28)&ufaeY
/
6.(29)&ufaeY
/

tkPfqGrf;
aeYqGrf;
tkPfqGrf;
aeYqGrf;
tkPfqGrf;
aeYqGrf;
tkPfqGrf;
aeYqGrf;

7.(30)&ufaeY

tkPfqGrf;

/
8.(31)&ufaeU
/

aeYqGrf;
tkPfqGrf;
aeYqGrf;

Dr wifwifMuG,f? Dr vDvDatmif?
Dr Sifrif;oG,f
rdcifBuD;trI;xm; Dr.rdk;atmifausmf?
rdcifBuD;trI;xm; Dr.rdk;atmifausmf
Dr wifwifMuG,f? Dr vDvDatmif?
Dr Sifrif;oG,f

rdbrsm;trI;xm; rcifaqGZifpdk;
rdbrsm;trI;xm; rcifaqGZifpdk;
a'gufwmrif;pdef+a':Zmenf0if;?
a'gufwmrif;pdef+a':Zmenf0if;?
a'gufwmcifaZmf0if;+a':q,fvD?
a'gufwmcifaZmf0if;+a':q,fvD?
udkrdk;aZmfpdk;+rxufpkatmif?
a':jrifhjrifhOD;? udk&Jrif;aT+rrGefrGefxGef;
rdom;pk
tzGm;a':ciftef;tm;&nfpl; a':wifwif
0if; rdom;pk/
a'gufwmrsdK;jrifh+a':ndrf;ndrf;vGifrdom;pk/
rdbrsm;trI;xm;rpkpkaxG;?rat;at;0if;?
rdbrsm;trI;xm;rpkpkaxG;?rat;at;0if;?

25

56.rat;aoG;xGef; (arG;aeYr*Fvm)
57.pdkif;odef;rif;pdk;+Agata polakowska Soe
58.a'gufwm&nfaoG;+a'gufwmMunfMunfvSrdom;pk
59.a'gufwmxGef;xGef;+a':MunfMunfvdIifrdom;pk
60.ESpfzufrdbrsm;trI;xm; udkvdIifbGm;+rZifrdom;pk
61.ESpfzufrdbrsm;trI;xm; armifvif;a0NzdK;+rauZif0if;
62.a':apm,k&ifrdom;pk
63.ESpfzufrdbrsm;trI;xm; armifvS0if;atmif+rpef;pef;vS
64.rdbrsm;trI;xm; rat;at;0if;
65.a':armfvDpdk;ESifhom;rsm;
66.ESpfzufrdbrsm;trI;xm; udkxifatmifpdk;? udkrsdK;aZmfpdk;+
roufpkatmifrdom;pk
67.OD;atmifausmfEdkif+a'gufwmvJhvJhcdkifrdom;pk
68.rdbrsm;trI;xm; udkMunfpdef
69.q&mav;a':Ow&m
70.rdbrsm;trI;xm; rjzLjzLoGif
71.rdbrsm;trI;xm; udkausmfaZvwf
72.rdbrsm;trI;xm; armifausmfvGifOD; (uyd,) rdom;pk
73.udkjrifhBudKif+rcsdKcsdKwif (orD;)ZGefUyGifUjzL? at;yGifhjzL
74.udkxGef;vGif+reDeDvIdif (orD;) rjzLjzL0if;? av;av;EG,f
75.udkvif;a0jzdK;+rauZif0if;rdom;pk
76.rdbrsm;trI;xm; udkoD[OD; (arG;aeY)
77.a':at;Munfrdom;pk
78.zGm;at;udk&nfpl; udkatmifpdk;
79.rdbrsm;trI;xm; udkaevif;xGef;
80.rdbrsm;trI;xm; rcifat;pdef (&efukef)
81.udkaewdk;atmif+raejcnftdtdrdom;pk
82.Mr Chee + rEGJUEGJUOD;rdom;pk
83.Mr James rdom;pk

24

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5

bk&m;&Sifu wd0kwfygVdawmf aomreokwfrSm a[mMum;xm;

onfrSm &[ef;wkdY w&m;ESpfyg;ESifh jynfhpHkaom &[ef;onf ,ckb0yifvQif
ukd,fcsrf;omjcif; pdwfcsrf;omjcif; rsm;vsufae&\/ xkd&[ef;onf tmoa0g
w&m;wkdYukefjcif;\taMumif;ukdtm;xkwf\/ tb,fESpfyg;wkdYenf;[lrloHa0*
jzpfapwwfaomt&mwkdY oHa0*jzpfjcif;onfvnf;aumif;? oHa0*jzpfoltm;
taMumif;tm;avsmfpGm tm;xkwfjcif;onfvnf;aumif;wnf;/ ]]udavomukd
ylyefap wwfonfh vkHUv&dSaom &ifhusufaom ynm&dSaom &[ef;onf
oHa0* jzpfapwwfaom t&mwkdY ynmjzifh qifjcif oHa0*jzpfonfom
wnf;[k oHa0* w&m;awGukd a[mMum;awmf rlcJhygonf/
'Dvkd oHa0*w&m;awG yGm;rsm;ae&jcif;onf 0rf;enf;ylaqG; &wuf
rat;apzkdY pdwf"mwfusatmif vkyfaqmifaewm r[kwfygbl;/ rdrdwkdY&JU pdwf
"mwfukd ykdrkd&ifhusufvmatmif ckdifrm awmifhwif;vmatmif b0ukd tusKd;&dS&dS
toHk;cs wwfzkdYtwGufyif BudKwifjyifqifvkdufjcif; jzpfygonf/ ysuftpOf
jyifcP MunfhwwfygrS oHa0* qkdovkdygyJ? av;toacsFeJU urmwpfodef;
yg&rD awmfawGjznfhusifhcJhwJh bk&m;tavmif;awmfonfyifvQif ewfrsm;u
zefqif; jyaom vltkd vlem vlao &[ef;pwJh edrdwf av;rsKd;ukdjrifum
oHa0*yGm;cJh &ao;onf r[kwfygavm/ rif;pnf;pdrfb0rSm epfajrmaeygu
rmefrmeawG wpxufwp wuf<uaerSmygyJ vlom;rsm; rqkdxm;bd aiG'*Fg;
wpfjym;av;ukd vnfyif;rSm csdwfxm;cJhaom ykwfoifnKdav;onfyif rif;BuD;
vmonfukd tav;rrlawmhbJ b0ifawG wufaezl;ygonf/ todPf&dSwJh
ow0gawG qkd&if tb,frSm ajymzG,f&m &dSEkdiftHhenf;/
'gaMumifhoHa0*w&m;qkdwm ukd,fh&JUywf0ef;usifrSmjzpfysufaewJhobm0
w&m;av;awGukd rjrJwJhoabm qif;&JwJhoabmav;awGukd ynmrsufpdjzifh
Munfhwwfrnfqkdygu oHa0*av;awG&um pdwf"mwfckdifrm MuHUckdifvmNyD; rdrd
wkdY&JU aemufqHk;yef;wdkifjzpfaom edAmefodkU wufvSrf;EdkifMurnf jzpfygaMumif;
aqmif;yg;jzifh wkdufwGef;vkduf&ygownf;/

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21

August vrS December vtxd

wdo&Pausmif;e0ur tvSLSifrsm;pm&if;

1.ESpfzufrdbrsm;trI;xm; Dr armifoefU+Dr at;at;cdkif (orD;)

jzLpifoefU (om;) ol&defoefUrdom;pk
aygif 250
2.ESpfzufrdbrsm;trI;xm; udkNzdK;aZmfpdk;+rausmhaucdkifvGif
aygif 200
3.zcifOD;tHk;MuG,ftm;&nfpl; a'gufwmwifwifMuG,f
aygif 125
4.Dr.ZmeD&Jjrifh+ Dr.arjrwfpH (orD;) tr&mjrwfpH&Jjrifh
aygif 100
5.udkEdkifpdk;odef;+raroZif0if; (orD;) rOLodef;? udkrif;olatmif
udkrsdK;xG#fOD;? armifaomfZif0if;+reEmvif;
aygif 100
6.a'gufwmrsdK;jrwfvGif+a':&D&Datmifrdom;pk (arG;aeYtvSL)
aygif 100
7.uG,fvGefola':ukovpm&DESifh rdbrsm;jzpfaom OD;armifarmifav;+
a':vIdif&ifwdkUtm;&nfpl; om;orD;ajr;wpfpk
aygif 70
8.rdbrsm;trI;xm; rcifaqGZifpdk;
aygif 70
9.OD;nGefUatmif+a':vJh0if;aqG (orD;) rat;yGifhatmif
(om;) armifatmifausmfrdom;pk
aygif 65
10.rdbrsm;trI;xm; udka0,Hpdk;
aygif 65
11.OD;vSaT+a':cifaT0if;trI;xm; David+r,rif;ausmf
aygif 50
12.rdbrsm;trI;xm; udknGefUatmifrdom;pk
aygif 50
13.a':cifcifat;tm;&nfpl; Retired Col Hla Myint
(orD;) at;oDwmjrifh (om;) xGef;Edkifjrifhrdom;pk
aygif 50
14.rdbrsm;trI;xm; udka0NzdK;vdIifrdom;pk
aygif 50
15.a'gufwm0if;0if;jrifh (nDr) rpef;pef;EGJU (Scotland)
aygif 50
16.udkrsdK;cdkifoif;+ryGifhjzLpdk;rdom;pk
aygif 50
17.Dr ausmfNidrf;+a':nGefUnGefUvGif (orD;) a'gufwmcifav;
aygif 50
18.Mrs Manga (a':tHk;nGefU) a':nGefUnGefU&Dtm;&nfpl;
aygif 50
19.rdbrsm;trI;xm; a'gufwmjr0if;rdom;pk
aygif 50
20.rcsdKcsdKatmiftm;&nfpl; OD;xGef;atmif+a':cif&Drdom;pk
aygif 50
21.Mr Thulangit Wijesuriya
aygif 50
22.ESpfzufrdbrsm;trI;xm; udkwifrdk;+r&ifjrrdom;pk
aygif 50
23.ESpfzufrdbrsm;trI;xm; udkjrwfoGif+rwifwif0if;
(orD;) rDrDoGif? jzLjzLoGif (om;) oGifNzdK;0if;rdom;pk
aygif 50
22

24.rdbESpfyg;trI;xm; rpkpkaxG;aumif;rI
25.rdbrsm;trI;xm; udkpnfol+rcifoEmrdom;pk
26.zcifOD;jrifhMunftm;&nfpl; rvGifvGifrmESifharmifESpfrwpfpk
27.rdbESpfyg;trI;xm; rat;at;0if;aumif;rI
28.a':aomif;nGefU rdom;pk (&efukef)
29.rdbrsm;&nfpl; a'gufwmcifarmifjrifh+a'gufwmcifpyg,f
30.rdbrsm;trI;xm; armifausmfrsdK;vif; (uyd,)
31.Teresa Jeray / Portiq +Faye
32.rdbrsm;trI;xm; a'gufwmvDvDatif? Dr wifwifMuG,f
33.rdbrsm;trI;xm; OD;*kaPou ('kvb&[ef;awmf)
34.William Ba oh+rrdk;rdk;rdom;pk
35.a':tHk;ausmhtrI;xm; om;orD;wpfpk
36.udkZmenfatmif+rtmumrdk;jrifhjzLrdom;pk
37.zcifOD;bpdk;tm;&nfpl; rat;csrf;rdk;? rjrwfEdk;[ef
38.OD;wifpdk;+a':EkEkvGif (om;)&Jrif;oufwif (orD;)cifpEDwif
39.udkoef;ausmf+rjrifhjrifhpef; (orD;)jzLrif;ausmf
40.uG,fvGefolzcifBuD; OD;cRefaygiftm;&nfpl;
41.udkausmfausmf+r0dkif;rdom;pk
42.a'gufwmjrifhodef;+a':cs,f&Drdom;pk
43.rd[HomrGef (arG;aeY)
44.udkpefvif;? udkatmifvif;aumif;rI
45.a'gufwmOD;atmifodef;+a':oef;oef;odef;
46.a'gufwmaqGvif;+a'gufwmoOmrif;(nDr)Dr.aeZmrif;
47.udk[def;ol? udkodef;Edkif+Sidapa Jasiry
48.a'gufwmatmifMunf+a'gufwmcifaropfrdom;pk
49.udkwdk;+rrmvm (orD;) Rejira rdom;pk
50.aus;Zl;SifrdcifBuD;tm;&nfpl; rcs,f&DcsdKaumif;rI
51.udkaZmfaZmf+rik0g0g0if;rdom;pk
52.rdbrsm;trI;xm; Haymar+rrif;rif;rdom;pk
53.rdbrsm;trI;xm; udkausmfausmf
54.ESpfzufrdbrsm;trI;xm; udkvIdif0if;+rpef;pef;a|;
55.Eygene nGefUrdom;pk
23

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