Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
EUROPE IN TRANSITION
Out of the Middle Ages
Events critical for world exploration occurred during the period of AD 500 to 1500 1000 years of this structure How long has the modern era lasted?
AD 500 = Fall of Farming Rome Emergence of 1500 End of Middle civilizations Ages Christs Birth c. AD 0
Out of the Middle Ages (5 Key Changes) 1. Decline of Feudalism 2. Crusades Raise Expectations 3. B lack Death Kills Social Ladder 4. Formation of Nation States 5. Emergence of Capitalism
Clergy (Church & Monasteries) Much wealth Controlling element Called for Crusades (religious wars to reclaim the Holy land) Serfs (everyone else works land or Fief) Classes didnt integrate
Jerusalem
EUROPE IN TRANSITION
Out of the Middle Ages 1. Feudalism 2. Crusades 3. Black Death 4. Formation of Nation States 5. Emergence of Capitalism
Commonalities
1. 2. 3. 4. Land & boundary Government Common Language or similar cultural characteristics Independence (sovereignty)
Free market trade Individuals sell Goods & Services Private Businesses with profit motive Hire Labor for a wage Loan Money with interest (Usury)
Free enterprise the economy grows More money for taxes Capitalism changes the feudal system Government enforces contract Profit motive increased as church Government has an unwritten Bill of power weakened Rights to enforce contracts Usury was considered a sin Secular kings wanted increased productivity & taxes State laws vs. church laws
Sanctity of Contract
EUROPE IN TRANSITION
Summary - Pulling Things Together
Feudalism in decline from (Black Death) & rise of Nation States (new political systems) Crusades (shared ideas and created demand for world trade) and Capitalism (a new economic system) Need nation state governments to protect capitalism (contract & money lending) Italy/Papacy controlled the trade with the east (geographic location)
How can other nations bypass Italy -> sail to the west Enter Columbus Sail west to reach the east