.

            

Introduction Definition of the problem Proposed Model for Automation of Greenhouse Aim & Basic principle of operation Working of the proposed model Block Diagram Software (technology used) Advantages Disadvantages Scope for Further Development Expected outcome Conclusion Work done till now.

 

We live in a world where everything can be controlled and operated automatically. There are still a few important sectors in our country where automation has not been adopted or has not been put to a full-fledged use.

 

perhaps because of several reasons one such reason is cost. One such field is that of agriculture. Agriculture has been one of the primary occupations of man since early civilizations and even today manual interventions in farming are inevitable.

Greenhouses form an important part of the agriculture and horticulture sectors in our country as they can be used to grow plants under controlled climatic conditions for optimum produce.

Automating a greenhouse envisages monitoring and controlling of the climatic parameters which directly or indirectly govern the plant growth and hence their produce.

Automation is process control of industrial machinery and processes, thereby replacing human operators.

Over-irrigation because of poor distribution uniformity or management waste water, chemicals, and may lead to water pollution. Deep drainage (from over-irrigation) may result in rising water tables which in some instances will lead to problems of irrigation salinity requiring water table control by some form of sub-surface land drainage. Irrigation with saline or high sodium water may damage soil structure owing to the formation of alkaline. Competition for surface water rights. depletion of underground aquifers. Ground subsidence

    

The proposed system is an embedded system Monitor and control the microclimatic parameters of a greenhouse Maximize their production over the whole crop growth season Eliminate the difficulties involved in the system.

The system comprises of:   

sensors, Analog to Digital Converter, microcontroller and activators.

 

This system eliminates the drawbacks of the existing set-ups Flexible and low cost solution




Aim:The aim of this project is to design a Solar based automatic intelligent system that can control the irrigation depending upon the moisture present in the soil.




Basic principle of operation:This project uses MCU (Micro Controller Unit) that will take input from the soil in the form of moisture and depending upon the value of soil moisture entered by the user, a comparison is made.

With the help of mobile phone embedded with an internal modem, user can turn on the water motors from anywhere in the world

The DTMF keypad can be used to enter the preset values of times, like when to start the motors and when to stop the motors.

This project is based on EMBEDDED SYSTEM and GSM Technology.

When a field is in the dry condition, the sensing logic senses the state (moisture content) of the field and intimates it to the microcontroller.

It in response makes the motor on.

User is intimated by sending a message to the GSM modem which is placed at the field.

Through our mobile we can switch on-off the motor by sending the respective commands to the kit through the GSM modem.

Thus the irrigation motor can be controlled through our mobiles using GSM technology.

.
Solar panel Power Supply

Silver Plates

Key Pad

MCU-16F877A

LCD

Interface circuitry to PC
Water Valve Driver Circuit LEDS

GSM mobile phone remote switch

Water Valve
. .

A PIC microcontroller is a processor with built in memory and RAM. It saves you from building a circuit that has separate external RAM, ROM and peripheral chips.

What this really means for us is that we have a very powerful device that has many useful built in modules e.g.

EEPROM. Timers. Analog comparators. UART.

. .

        

Two timers. One 10bit ADC with 4 selectable inputs. An internal oscillator (or we can use an external crystal). An analog comparator. 1024 words of program memory.(1k). 64 Bytes of RAM. 128 Bytes of EEPROM memory. External interrupt (as well as interrupts from internal peripherals). External crystal can go up to 20MHz.

lcd is used to indicate the present status of parameters and the respective AC devices (simulated using bulbs).

The information is displayed in two modes which can be selected using a push button switch which toggles between these two modes.

Any display can be interfaced to the system with respective changes in driver circuitry and code.

The circuit designed uses

y y y y

Sensor leads

A 5V supply, Fixed resistance of 100, Variable resistance of 10 , Two copper leads as the sensor probes,

vcc

To microcontroller

2N222N transistor.

vcc Sensor leads

Sensor Interface

HF1 LF1

HF2

.
LF2

. .

11 MCU 10

11

14

2 PC

Max- 232 12 13 3

To program PIC Microcontrollers we need several types of computer software. These soft wares used are:  

C# (c sharp) for serial communication between MCU and PC. Development interface or IDE. Visual studio.

Sensors used have high sensitivity and are easy to handle. Low cost system, providing maximum automation. Closed loop design prevents any chances of disturbing the greenhouse environment. User is indicated for changes in actuator state thereby giving an option for manual override. Low maintenance and low power consumption. The system is more compact compared to the existing ones, hence is easily portable. Can be used for different plant species by making minor changes in the ambient environmental parameters.

Can be easily modified for improving the setup and adding new features. Labour saving.

Complete automation in terms of pest and insect detection and eradication cannot be achieved.

No self-test system to detect malfunction of sensors.

Requires uninterrupted power supply.

Facility to remotely monitor the greenhouse is not possible.

Number of channels can be increased Can be modified with the use of a data logger and a graphical LCD panel A speaking voice alarm could be used instead of the normal buzzer. Modems, cellular phones or satellite terminal Energy storage device Time bound administration of fertilizers, A multi-controller system can be developed
. .

The Microcontroller based irrigation system will prove to be a real time feedback control system which will monitors and controls all the activities of irrigation system efficiently.

The present proposal is a model to modernize the agriculture industries on a small scale with optimum expenditure.

Using this system, one can save manpower, water to improve production and ultimately profit.

reducing the power consumption, maintenance and complexity, at the same time providing a flexible and precise form of maintaining the environment. Further improvements will be made as less expensive and more reliable sensors are developed for use in agricultural production.
  

The required technology and components are available, Many such systems have been independently developed, Or are at least tested at a prototype level.

Also, integration of all these technologies is not a daunting task and can be successfully carried out.

We have prepared the following independent parts of the project

An alarm circuitry.

Main control PCB design.

Power supply module for testing

PIC 16f877a

Power suply PCB layout

Working power supply module

Leds used for error indication

Complete alarm circuitry

video-.mp4

Thank You