Nepali-English Dictionary

compiled by Karl-Heinz Kraemer South Asia Institute University of Heidelberg, Germany

(under construction; several entries may be incomplete) aba

ca
(adv.) now, from now on

abhipret (adj.) planned abhiram

clek|t ] cle/fd cle?lr clej[l4 cleofg cleof]u cleo'Qm ce|s cEof; ce|v

abaddha

cfa4 ca]nf

(n./adj.) bound, tied up confined abela

(adj.) extremely beautiful, sublime abhiruci

(n./adj.) lateness, late aber (adj.) late aber bhayo (comp.) it is late abhas

(n.) inclination, earnest desire, liking abhivriddhi (n.) development

ca]/ ca]/ eof] cfef;

abhiyan

(n.) expedition, march, exploration abhiyog

(n.) glimpse, shadow, reflection, vision, faint memory, inkling abhav

(n.) accusation, allegation, charge abhiyukta (adj.) accused abhrak

cefj ceo cleefjs clen]v clego clek|]l/t

(n.) non-existence, absence, lack, scarcity abhaya (n.) lacj of fear abhyas (n.) practice abrak abhibhavak (n.) guardian abhilekh (n.) inscription acamma

(n.) mica, talco (a soft mineral)

(n.) mica, talco (a soft mineral)

crDd crDd nfUg'

abhinaya

(n.) surprise, wonder, amazement acamma lagnu

(n.) mimicry, imitation abhiprerit (adj.) motivated

(v.i.) to be surprised, to be amazed, to be astonished

02.10.2002

acamma parnu

crDd kg'{

adalat (n.) law court adambar

cbfnt cf8Da/ cfbfgk|bfg

(v.i.) to be surprised, to be amazed, to be astonished acamma parnu

crDd kg'{ crfgs crfgf] crfg' crf/

(n.) conceit, ostentation adan-pradan

(v.t.) to surprise, to amaze, to astonish acanak

(adv.) suddenly, abruptly, unexpectedly acano

(n.) giving and taking of things, exchange, social communication, give and take adarniya

cfb/0fLo cfb/0fLo ;b:o cfbz{ cfb/jfrL c8fpg' cf

(n.) cutting board for meat acanu

(adj.) respectable, deserving honour adarniya sadasya

(n.) cutting board for meat acar

(n.) honorary member adarsh (n.) ideal, value adarvaci (adj.) polite adaunu

(n.) hot and sour pickle, pickles, chutney, salsa acar

cfrf/
(n.) conduct, behaviour

acaran

crf/0f cRr]/

(v.t.) to support, to hold up, to stop adda

(n.) conduct, behaviour, practice accer

(n.) office; court of law adesh

(n.) letter [of the alphabet], [written] character, [except numerals], alphabet, syllable acel

cfb]z cfwf

(n.) order, instruction, command

cr]n
(adv.) these days, nowadays, recently, presently adha (adj.) half adhai baje (adv.) half past two adhaini

achut

c5't
(adj.) untouchable, of lowest caste

c9fO ah] c9fOgL cwd cfwf/

achuti

c5'tL c5'tf]4f/ cf8

(n.) untouchable, lowest caste achutoddhar

(n.) the senior woman in a palace harem adham

(n.) reformation of untouchables ad (n.) support, prop adhar

(adj.) mean, low, wretched, base, vile

(n.) foundation, basis, support

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adharat (n.) midnight adharbhut

cfwf/ft cfwf/e"6

adhyaksha

cWoIf

(n.) chief, master, director, chairman, superintendent, supervisor adhyay

(adj.) basic, fundamental adharit (adj.) based upon adharit cha based upon adharma

cWofo cWoog cflb

(n.) chapter, section, canto

cfwfl/t
adhyayan

(n.) study, learning, tuition, perusal

cfwfl/t 5
adi

cwd{ cfwL

(n./adj.) beginning, primary, origin, first, basic; etcetera, etc. adijati

(n.) sinfulness, irreligiousness adhi (adj.) almost a half adhikar

cflbhflt cflbsfn cflbsf/g cflbslj cflbsfJo cl8g'

(n.) tribe, tribal, autoethon adikal

clwsf/

(n.) primeval time adikaran

(n.) right, authority, procession, proprietorship adhikari

(n.) first cause, fundamental cause

clwsf/L
adikavi

(n.) officer, one having authority, magistrate, proprietor adhikrit

(n.) first poet, pioneer poet adikavya

clws[t clw/fh clw/fhs'df/ clw/fHo clwa]zg cwf]ult cfw'lgs

(adj.) authorised, vested with authority adhiraj adinu

(n.) first epic, Ramayana

(n.) supreme ruler, sovereign, overlord adhirajkumar (n.) prince adhirajya

(v.i.) to stop adityavar (n.) Sunday adivasi

cflbtojf/ cflbjfl; c8\sNg' c8\sg'

(n.) sovereignty, empire, kingdom adhiveshan

(n.) aborigine, original inhabitant adkalnu (v.t.) to guess adkanu

(n.) session, meeting, sitting adhogati

(n.) fall, downfall, degradation adhunik

(v.i.) to get stuck, to be stopped, to be halted

(adj.) modern, recent, current

02.10.2002 3

adkaunu

c8\sfpg' c8\g'

aghat (n.) blow, assault aghaun (adv.) next year aghaunu

cf3ft cf3f}+ c3fpg' cl3

already, before, previously, formerly, facing, in front of, ago,

(v.t.) to cause to stick adnu

(v.i.) to stop, to cease moving aduva (n.) ginger advittiya

cb'jf cllQo cufw

(v.i.) to be satisfied with eating aghi

(adj.) unparalleled, second-to-none agadha

(adj.) unfathomable, bottomless, deep agadi

aghi lagnu

cl3 nfUg'

cufl8
(postp.) in front of, before, ahead, toward the front, first

(v.t.) to go first, to go ahead, to lead, to guide aghi nai

cl3 g} cl3 ;g'[{

(adv.) already, long ago agadi badhaunu

cufl8 a9fpg'
aghi sarnu

(v.t.) to lead forward agadi badhnu

cufl8 a9\g' cunaun cfufdL cult

(v.i.) to advance, to volunteer, to incite, to instigate aghi-aghi

(v.i.) to advance, to move forward agal-bagal

cl3cl3 cl3Nnf]

a long time ago, in times gone by aghillo

(adv.) from left to right, on both sides agami

(adj.) first, former, front, anterior, last, previous aghiltira

(adj.) coming, forthcoming, ensuing

cl3lNt/ cl3kl5

agati

(adv.) in front of, facing aghi-pachi

(n.) decline, lack of progress age

cfu]
(adj.) before, future, in furute

agena

cu]gf cu]gf]
aglo

some other time, before, on other occasions, generally, usually, in single file, one after another, sequentially, surrounded by aghisamma (adv.) until recently

(n.) fireplace, hearth ageno (n.) fireplace aghadi

cl3;Dd cUnf]

c3fl8

(adj.) tall, high

in front of, before, toward the front, first

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aglo (n.) latch, bolt aglyaunu

cfUnf] cUNofpg' clUg

(n.) fire

ahara (n.) food, diet ahat

cfxf/f cfxt
(adj.) struck, beaten

(v.t.) to lock, to pull to [a door] agni ahile

clxn]
(adv.) now, this time

agnikand

clUgsf08 cfuf]

aimai (n.) woman ain

cfOdfO{ P]g
(n.) law, legal code, rule

(n.) fire, conflagration ago (n.) fire agraha

cfu|x

aina

P]gf
(n.) mirror, looking glass, pane of glass

(n.) desire, longing, craving, zeal, urging, insistence agulto

cu'N6f] cu'jf

aincatana

P]+rftfgf

(n.) piece of burning wood aguva

(adj.) out of control, controlled by outsideforces ainselu

P];]n' cfOk'Ug' cfOtjf/ P]ltxfl;s cfh

(n./adv.) leader, leading agya

(n.) yellow raspberry aipugnu (v.i.) to arrive aitavar (n.) Sunday

cf1f
(n.) order, command, instruction, permission

agyakari (adj.) obedient agyan

cf1fsf/L v1fg c1ft

aitihasik (adj.) historical aja (adv.) today aja bihana

(n./adj.) ignorance; ignorant agyat

(adj.) unknown, secret, obscure ahan (int.) no ahangkar

cx cxf/ cfxf/
(n.) food, diet

cfh laxfgf cfhef]ln cfhsfn

(comp.) this morning ajabholi (adv.) nowadays ajakal (adv.) nowadays

(n.) arrogance, conceit ahar

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ajan (adj.) ignorant ajang

chfg ch
(adj.) huge, very big, enormous, formidable

akamakka parnu

csdSs kfg{

(v.t.) to be confused, to be baffled, to be in a quandary, to be taken aback, to be disconcerted, to be rattled, to hesitate, to pause akangksha (n.) aspiration akanksha

ajat

chft
(adj.) outcaste, low caste, not born

cfsf\Iff cfsf+Iff cs06s

ajatshatru

chftzq' c

(n.) wish, desire, intention akantak

(adj.) having no enemy ajha

(adv.) still, yet, moreover, now ajhai

(adj.) free from trouble, unobstructed, thornless akapat

c}
(conj.) even then, even now

csk6 cfsf/

(adj.) guiltless, frank, open akar

ajivan

cfhLjg
(adj.) throughout life, for a whole life-time

(n.) size, shape, form, outline akaraniya

akad

cs8
(n.) insistence, obstinacy, stubbornness, persistence

cs/0fLo csd{ csd{s csd{0o csdL{

(adj.) improper, unfit to be performed akarma

akado

cs8f] csn

(n.) unnecessary act, wicked act akarmak (adj.) intransitive akarmanya

(adj.) obstinate, stubborn akal

wisdom, intelligence, cleverness, knowledge, skilful, clever, wise akalpaniya

csNkgLo

(adj.) idle, useless, good for nothing akarmi

(adj.) unimaginable, unthinkable, inconceivable akamakaunu

csdsfpg' csdSs

(n.) a do nothing, sinner, evil-doer, rogue, villain akarna deaf, having no ear akarna

(v.i.) to hesitate, to pause akamakka

cs0f{ csg{

(adj.) confused, baffled, disconcerted, dumbfounded, perplexed

(n.) official record, document, list of official records akarsan (n.) attraction
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cfsif{0f

akartavya

cst{Jo csfy{ cfsfz cfsfz] tf/dfu{ cfsfZjf0fL cs:dft

akhabar (n.) newspaper akhir

cvaf/ cflv/

(adj.) improper, unfit to be done akartha

(adj.) without cause, pointlessly, in vain akash (n.) sky, space akashe tara-marg (n.) cable railway akkal

(adv.) at last, eventually

cSsn
(n.) knowledge, cleverness, thought

akkali

cSsnL cSsf;] cSsfl;g' cfqmd0f cfs[i6 cfs[lt

(adj.) clever, intelligent akkase

akashvani (n.) radio broadcast

(adj.) sky-blue akkasinu

akasmat

(v.i.) to fly up akraman

(adv.) suddenly, accidentally, unexpectedly, all of a sudden akasmik

cfsl:ds csygLo
akriti

(n.) attack, invasion akrista

(adj.) sudden, abrupt, accidental, casual akathaniya

(adj.) attracted, drawn, charmed

(adj.) inexpressible, indescribable, inexpressible, obscene, indecent akathya

(n.) size, shape, form, outline

csYo

(adj.) inexpressible, indescribable, inexpressible, obscene, indecent, filthy, unutterable akavat (n.) duty, God

aksar

cS;/
(adv.) often, frequently, usually, many, a lot

akshansh

csjt csa/

cIff+z cIf/

(n.) latitude akshar

akbar

(n.) name of the third Indian Moghul Emperor akbare

(n.) letter [of the alphabet], [written] character, [except numerals], alphabet, syllable aksijan (n.) oxygen alag separate, different alainci (n.) cardamom
7

csa/] csa/L cs]nf]

clS;hg cnu cn}+rL

(adj.) pungent chilli, extraordinary hot akbari

(adj.) related to Akbar, pure, unadulterated akelo (adj.) alone

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alangkar (n.) embellishment alasya

cnf/ cfn:o

almalinu

cndlng'

(v.i.) to be bewildered, to be amazed, to be confused almari

(n.) laziness, idleness alchi (adj.) lazy, idle alekha

cfNdf/L cfnf]rgf cfnf]rgfTds cfnf]s

(n.) shelves, cupboard

cN5L
alocana

(n.) criticism, critique

cfn]v
alocanatmak (adj.) critical

(n.) writing, script, anything written algyaunu

cNUofpg'
alok

(v.t.) tho lift, to raise, to release, to set free alhad

(n.) enlightenment, light, brightness

cfNxfb
(n.) delight, fulfilment alpamat (n.) minority

cNkdt cN;L

ali

cln
(adj.) a bit, a little, few alsi (adj.) lazy, idle

ali

cfnL
(n.) ridge at the edge of a field-terrace alu (n.) potato

cfn' cfn' tf5\g' cfn'av8f cfd

(adj.) common, general

alikati

clnslt
alu tachnu

(adj.) a little, a small quantity alilo

(v.t.) to peel off potatoes

clnnf]
(adj.) lacking salt, tasteless alubakhada (n.) plum-tree

aljhanu

cNg'
am

(v.i.) to get caught up in aljhaunu (v.t.) to entangle alkatra (n.) asphalt allare (n.) rover almalaunu

cNfpg'
ama (n.) mother

cfdf cfd}
(n.) grandmother [rural]

cnsqf
amai

cNnf/]
amaju

cfdfh" cdnf

(n.) husband's elder sister

cNdnfpg'
amala

(v.t.) to confuse, to lead astray

(n.) a kind of fruit [sour-sweet]

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amanav (adj.) inhuman amanya

cdfgj cdfGo cd/

amurta (adj.) formless an (int.) yes anadarvaci

cd"t{ c cgfb/jfrL cgflb

(adj.) unaccepted, unobeyed amar

(adj.) immortal, undying amarkosh

(adj.) non-honorific [ling.] anadi

cd/sf]z

(n.) (a Sanskrit dictionary compiled by Amar Singh) amba (n.) guava amdani (n.) income amdani badhaune

(adj.) having no beginning, self-born analamaya (adj.) fiery anand (n.) happiness anandi (adj.) happy ananta

cDaf cfDbfgL cfdbfgL a9fpg] cldnf]

(adj.) sour

cgndo cfgGb cfgGbL cgGt cgf/

(n.) income generating amilo

(adj.) infinite, endless anar

amir (adj.) wealthy, rich amiri (adj.) wealthy, rich

cdL/ cdL/L cDvf]/f cfdlgjf{rg cdf]n

(adj.) priceless, invaluable

(n.) pomegranate anarsa

cg;f{

(n.) a kind if sweet bread made of rice flour, sugar and butter anashan

cgzg cgfy cgf}7f cgf}7f]

amkhora

(n.) fasting anatha

(n.) brass pot for drinking from, tumbler amnirvacan (adj.) uncared for, orphaned anautha amol

(n.) general elections (adj.) queer, unusual, extraordinary anautho amrit

cd[t
(n./adj.) elixir, nectar; immortal

(adj.) queer, unusual, extraordinary, strange, peculiar anautikta (n.) immorality

9

amulya

cd"No

cgf}ltQmf

(adj.) priceless, invaluable

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anavarat

cgj/t cGefpg'

andhakar (n.) darkness andheri (adj.) dark, gloomy andhi

cGwsf/ cw]/L cflw

(adj.) unceasing, constant anbhaunu

(v.t.) to say good-bye to the couple in marriage, to send away a bride ancal

c~rn
(n.) zone [eine Verwaltungseinheit]

(n.) storm, strong wind andhiyar

ancal adalat (n.) zonal court ancal nyayadhish (n.) zonal judge ancal prashasan

c~rn cbfnt c~rn GofofwLif c~rn k|zf;g c~rn ;ef

cflwof/ cGwf]kg cWof/f]

(n.) sharer of half the land or crop andhopan (n.) blindness andhyaro

(n./adj.) dark, gloomy, sad, darkness, ignorance, gloom andolan

(n.) zonal administration

cfGbf]ng cfGb|f

ancal sabha

(n.) agitation, riot, movement andra

(n.) zonal assembly ancaladhish

c~rnfwLz cr]6\g'

(n.) entrails anduva

(n.) zonal commissioner

c8'jf cg]s cf

ancetnu

(n.) not castrated animal aneka (adj.) several, many ang

(v.t.) to discipline, to impress, to press, to push with force anda (n.) egg andaji

cG8f cGbfhL c8]/L cGwf cGw3Qm

(n.) part, body, portion, limb, procedure anga pugnu

(adv.) appropriately, about anderi (n.) castor-oil plant andha (adj.) blind andhabhakta

c k'Ug' ce| ce| ug'{ cR5]b

to be the procedure complete anga-bhanga

(n.) mutilation of a limb anga-bhanga garnu

(v.t.) to amputate, to dismember, to mutilate angacched (n.) amputation

(n.) blind follower, superstitious person

02.10.2002

10

angalnu

cuNg'

anginti (adj.) countless angka

cglulGt c

(v.t.) to adopt, to accept, to follow, to embrace, to hug angalo

cufnf] cfug

(n.) hug, embrace, armful, the bent arm angan

(n.) numeral, digit, issue, number [of a periodical], mark [in an examination], score, points [in a game], act [in a drama] angka ra akshar figure and letter

(n.) yard, courtyard, house, home angar

c / cIf/ c / cIf/n] af]nfpg' cul0ft cdfn c+skq c+lst c+s'/0f cuf]5f c+uh ]| c+u|]hL c+z

cuf/
(n.) cinder, ember, the black substance of charcoal angka ra aksharle bolaunu

to call by figure and word anga-raksha

c/Iff
angka-ganit

(n.) protection of body anga-rakshak (n.) body guard angethi

(n.) arithmetic, mathematics

c/Ifs
angkamal (n.) embrace

cu]7L
angkapatra (n.) label, fillet angkit

(n.) iron or clay vessel to carry fire, portable fireplace anggur (n.) grape anghi

cu/ " cf3L

(adj.) marked, written, endorsed, encounted angkuran

(n.) storm, whirlwind, hurricane angikar (n.) acceptance angikar garnu

(n.) germination, beginning angocha (n.) towel, napkin

cLsf/ cLsf/ ug'{ c+uLs[t c+uLs[t gful/stf c+uLs[t g]kfnL gful/stf

angrej

(v.t.) to accept, to follow angikrit

(n.) Englishman, Westerner, white man angreji

(adj.) adopted, agreed, promised angikrit nagarikta

(n./adj.) English, British, English language angsha

(n.) adopted citizenship angikrit nepali nagarikta

(n.) share, division, fragment, ingredient, contribution, element, portion, clause, subclause angshadan

c+zbfg

(n.) adopted Nepali citizenship

(n.) contribution, donation

02.10.2002

11

angshadhar

c+zw/ c+zsf] xs

anka

c+s
(n.) numeral, digit, issue, number [of a periodical], mark [in an examination], score, points [in a game], act [in a drama]

(n.) share-holder, heir angshako hak

(n.) heirship, right to the paternal property angshiyar

ankai

csfO{
(n.) estimate, evaluation

c+lzof/ c+u'n

(n.) co-heir, sharer, partner angul

ankanaunu (v.i.) to hesitate ankha (n.) eye ankhako nani (n.) pupil ankhibhuin (n.) eyebrow ankuro

cGsgfpg' cfvf cfvfsf] gfgL cfvfLe"O cs'/f]

(n.) finger, a finger's breadth anguli mudra

c+u'nL d'b|f c+u'nL k|ltd'b|f c+u/ '

(n.) fingerprint, nameprinted ring anguli pratimudra

(n.) finger impression angur (n.) grape ani

clg
(conj.) and, then, and then

(n.) shoot, seedling, bud, fresh shoot of a plant ankush

anicchit

clglR5t clgsfn clgn

c+s'z cGdfpg'

(n.) hook anmaunu

(adj.) undesired, unwished for anikal (n.) famine anil (n.) wind anivarya (adj.) inevitable anjali anna (n.) grain, food

(v.t.) to say good-bye to the couple in marriage, to send away a bride

cGg cGge08f/ cfk

(n.) mango

clgjfo{ c~hnL

anna-bhandar (n.) granary anp

(n.) the open palms of the hands held together and slightly cupped, a double handful, offering in worship, tribute anjuli

anshu (n.) tear, teardrop ant

cfz' cf6

c~h'nL
(n.) the open palms of the hands held together and slightly cupped, a double handful, offering in worship, tribute

(n.) courage, boldness

02.10.2002

12

anta (n.) wheat flour anta

cf6f cGt
(n.) end, conclusion

antariksha

cGt/LIf cGtd'l{ v cGt/f{li6[o cGt/f{li6[o sfg"g cGt/f{li6[o d'b|sf]if cGtjf{tf{ c+tjf{;g

(n.) space, universe antarmukhi

(adj.) introvert, inward-looking antarrastriya (adj.) international antarrastriya kanun

anta garnu

cGt ug'{

(v.t.) to end, to finisch [in Verbindung mit Postposition -lai] antai (adv.) elsewhere antar

cGt} cGt/
(n./adj.) difference, interval; inner, inter-

(n.) international law antarrastriya mudrakos

(n.) International Monetary Fund [IMF] antaral rajya (n.) buffer state antardeshiya

cGt/fn /fHof
antarvarta (n.) interview

c+tb]{zLo
antarvasan

(adj.) inland, domestic antardeshiya jalpath

c+tb]{zLo hnky c+tb]{zLo kq

(n.) internship, confinement within prescribed limits antarvasi (n.) internee

(n.) inland waterways antardeshiya patra (n.) inland letter antardeshiya vanijya (n.) internal trade antardhvans (n.) sabotage antargat

c+tjf{;L c+tjf{l;t c+tjf{l;t ug'{ cGt/lj/f]w cGt:y b]z cG7fgAa] cG7fpGg

antarvasit (adj.) interned

c+tb]{zLo jfl0fHo c+tWj{; cGtu{t c+tu|:t { cfGtl/s

antarvasit garnu (v.t.) to intern antarvirodh

(n.) self-contradiction, inner contradiction antastha desh (n.) buffer state anthanabbe

(adj.) included, comprised antargrasta (adj.) involved antarik

(num.) ninety-eight, 98 anthaunna

(adj.) interior, inner, internal

(num.) fifty-eight, 58

02.10.2002

13

anthyaunu

c7fpg'

anuman

cg'dfg cg'dlt cg'kl:yt cg'k|f; cg'/f]w cg'/f]w ug'{ cg'k

(v.t.) to catch firmly, to seize, to clutch, to grasp firmly anti (n.) ultimatum antim

(n.) inference, guess, presumption anumati

c+lt clGtd
(adj.) last, final, conclusive, ultimate

(n.) permission, consent, assent anupasthit (adj.) absent anupras (n.) alliteration anurodh

antis (adj.) last antnu

clGt; cf6\g'
(v.i.) to dare, to take the risk

(n.) request, entreaty, prayer anurodh garnu

antya

cGTo
(n./adj.) end, last run

(v.t.) to request, to ask for, to pray anurup

antyesti

cGTo]lit

(n.) the last rites after death, funeral ceremony, obsequies anubhav

(adj.) resembling, corresponding, similar, analogous, congruous anusandhan

cg'ej cg'elj cg'e"lt cg'bfg cg'udg ag'xf/ cg'qmdl0fsf cg's"n

cg';Gwfg cg';f/

(n.) research, investigation anusar

(n.) experience, feeling, sensation anubhavi (adj.) experienced anubhuti

(postp.) according to, in accordance with, equivalent to, in conformity with anusaran

cg';/0f cg'zf;g cg'jfb cg'jQmf cg'jf/ cGj]z0f

(n.) real knowledge, experience, sensation anudan (n.) grant anugaman (n.) follow-up anuhar

(n.) compliance, accordance anushasan

(n.) discipline, instruction anuvad

(n.) translation, immitation anuvakta (n.) translator anuvar

(n.) face, countenance anukramnika

(n.) contents, list of contents anukul

(n.) face, countenance anveshan (n.) exploration

14

(adj.) favourable, agreeable, friendly

02.10.2002

anya (adj.) other anyatra

cGo cGoq

aphisar (n.) officer aphno (adj.) one's own aphnu (adj.) one's own apil

clkm;/ cfGff] cfGf' ckLn

(adj.) elsewhere, somewhere else, in some other place anyaya (n.) injustice apaci

cGofo ckrL

(n.) appeal, contradiction, objection aprakashit (adj.) unpublished apratyashik

(adj.) undigested, undigestible apadha

ck9 ckx/0f ckgfpg' ck/fw ck/fwL ckl/lrt ck/6 cfk;

ck|sflzt ck|Toflzs cfk|jf;L cK;/f ck"j{ c/a

(adj.) illiterate, unlettered apaharan

(adj.) unexpected, sudden apravasi (n.) immigrant apsara

(n.) abduction, kidnapping, usurpation apanaunu

(v.t.) to adopt, to make use of, to apply aparadh

(n.) nymph, fairy, spirit apurva (adj.) new, strange arab

(n.) crime, offence, guilt, fault, sin aparadhi

(n./adj.) criminal, wrongdoer aparicit

(num.) one billion, 1.00.00.00.000 arajakta (n.) anarchy arakshan (n.) reservation aram (n.) comfort, rest arambha (n.) beginning, start are

(adj.) unknown, unfamiliar

c/fhstf cf/If0f cf/fd cf/De c/]

aparjhat

(adv.) suddenly, surprisingly, all of a sudden apas

(n.) those close to oneself, relatives apashoc (n.) regret, sorrow apasma

ckzf]r cfk;df cfkm}

(adj.) among each other, among themselves aphai

(reported speech marker)

(adv.) self, personally

02.10.2002

15

arini (adj.) free from debt arje

cC0fL cfh]{
(n.) prophecy, prediction, forecast

aru (n.) peach aru

cf c
(adj.) another, more, either, further

arko

csf]{
(adj.) another, next, second

aru kohi someone else arubakhada (n.) plum asabhya

c sf]xL cfav8f c;Eo c;f9

arop

cf/f]k
(n.) imputation, allegation, insinuation, accusation

arpanu

ck{g' cy{

(adj.) uncivilised, uncultured asadh

(v.t.) to offer up, to dedicate artha

(n.) finance, wealth, nmeaning, significance, import, interpretation, explanation arthadanda (n.) fine artha-mantri

(n.) Asadh or Asar, third month of the Nepali year [June-July] asadharan

c;fwf/0f c;fWo c;xdlt c;xfo c;n

cy{b08 cy{dGqL cy{zf:q cyf{t

(adj.) unusual, uncommon asadhya

(adj.) very, extremely asahamati

(n.) minister of finance arthashastra

(n.) disagreement, dissent, discordance asahaya (adj.) helpless asal

(n.) economics, political economy arthat

(adv.) that is to say, in other words, i.e. arthik

cfly{s
(adj.) economic, financial

(adj.) real, true, pure, unadulterated, morally good asali (adj.) real, genuine asam (n.) Assam asaman (n.) sky asamanta (n.) inequality

arthik matava

cfly{s dxTj cYof{pg' ctL{

c;nL cf;fd cf;dfg c;dfGtf

(n.) economic importance arthyaunu

(v.t.) to make sense of, to understand arti

(n.) advice, counsel, lesson, instruction, precept, moral lesson, admonition

02.10.2002

16

asamaya

c;do c;fdlos c;Dej cf;g

ash (n.) hope asha (n.) hope ashangka

cfz cfzf cfz+sf czflGt cfzo cfZro{ cfZro{nfUbf] clzIff clzlIft cfzLj{rg cfzLj{rg cfzLjf{b cfzLjf{b cflzif
(n.) blessing, benediction

(n.) untimeliness, bad or unfitting time asamayik

(adj.) inopportune, untimely, inconvenient asambhava (adj.) impossible asan

(n.) suspicion, doubt, fear, dread ashanti

(n.) seat, stool, office, post, posture, throne asanggati

(n.) lack of peace, unrest ashaya

c;+ult

(n.) incoherence, irrelevance, absurdity, irrationality, incompatibility, anomaly asankhya

(n.) meaning, aim, intention, purport ashcarya

c;+Vo

(n.) wonder, surprise, astonishment ashcaryalagdo (adj.) surprising ashiksha (n.) illiteracy ashikshit

(adj.) innumerable, countless, beyond number asanna

cf;Gg c;Gt'i6

(adj.) imminent, impencing, near, close asantusta

(adj.) dissatisfied, discontented, displeased, reluctant asantusti (n.) dissatisfaction asapas

(adj.) uneducated, unlettered, illiterate

c;Gt'li6
ashirvacan

(n.) blessing, benediction

cf;kf;
ashirvacan (n.) blessing

(adv.) nearabout, nearby asaphal

c;kmn
ashirvad

(adj.) unsuccessful, failure asar

(n.) blessing, benediction

c;f/
(n.) Asadh or Asar, third month of the Nepali year [June-July] ashirvad (n.) blessing ashis

asar

c;/
(n.) effect, influence, mark, authority

asat

c;t\
(adj.) evil, bad, non-existent, illusory

ashis dinu (v.t.) to bless

cflzif lbg'

02.10.2002

17

ashlil

cZnLn
(adj.) indecent, vulgar

aspatal (n.) hospital astaunu

c:ktfn c:tfpg' cf:yf

ashram

cf>d cf>o cfl>t

(n.) hermitage, residential institute ashraya astha

(v.i.) to set [sun, moon or star]

(n.) dependence, resort, reliance, retreat ashrit

(n.) faith, reverence, veneration asthipanjar (n.) skeleton asti

cl:ykGh/ cl:t

(postp.) depending on, relying on ashu

cfz'
(adj.) quick, speedily, immediate, swift

(adv.) the day before yesterday, recently, the other day astiko bihibar last Thursday

ashuddha (adj.) impure ashutos

cz'4 cfz'tf]if
astitva

cl:tsf] laxLaf/ cl:tTj a:qz:q c:6]lnof c;'ljwf c:jefljs c:j:y c:jLsf/

(adj.) contended, easily pleased ashvin

(n.) existence, being, entity

cflZjg
astrashastra

(n.) Ashvin or Asoj, fifth month of the Nepali year [September-October] asi eighty, 80 asima

(n.) weaponry, armament, arms, weapons astreliya (n.) Australien

c;L c;Ld c;Lldt c;f]h

(n.) Ashvin or Asoj, fifth month of the Nepali year [September-October]

asuvidha (n.) inconvenience asvabhavik (adj.) unnatural asvasth

(adj.) boundless, unlimited asimit

(adj.) boundless, unlimited asoj

(adj.) unhealthy.morbid asvikar

aspast

c:ki6

(adj.) not clear, indistinct, vague, dim, obscure, blurred, ambiguous aspastata

(n.) non-acceptance, rejection, refusal, denial atah

c:ki6tf

ctM
(conj.) hence, therefore, thus

(n.) lack of clarity, uncertainty, haziness atainu

c6fOg'

(v.i.) to fit into, to be contained

02.10.2002 18

atal

c6n
(adj.) firm, irrevocable, resolute, unwavering, steadfast, still, unmoving

atikraman

cltqmd0f cltl/Qm ctLt

(n.) infringement, contravention, violation atirikta

atangka

cft cftlt c6fpg' c6]/L

(adv.) extra, additional, excessive atit (n./adv.) past, gone atithighar

(n.) fear, terror, panic, phobea, suffering atangkit (adj.) terrified

cltly3/ cltlyzfnf cfTdf

ataunu

(n.) guest house, guest chamber atithishala

(v.i.) to fit into, to be contained ateri

(n.) guest house, guest chamber atma

(adj.) headstrong, obstinate ath (num.) eight, 8 athara (adj.) eighteen, 18 athasi

cf7 c7f/ c7f;L cf7f}+ cyjf c7rfnL; c7xQ/ c7;6\7L c7tL;

(adj.) thirty-eight, 38

(n.) mind, heart, intellect, soul atmabhiman

cfTdfledfg cfTdfaf]ws cfTdxTof cfTdlge{/ cfTd;Ddfg cfTdljef]/tf cfTdljZjf; ct[lKt

(n.) self-respect, self-esteem atmabodhak

(adj.) reflexive [linguistics] atmahatya

(adj.) eighty-eight, 88 athaun (adj.) eighth atmanirbhar athava (conj.) or atmasamman athcalis (adj.) forty-eight, 48 atmavibhorta (n.) fascination atmavishvas (n.) self-confidence atripti athhattar

(n.) suicide, self-murder, self-killing

(n.) self-dependence, self-support

(n.) self-respect, self-regard

(adj.) seventy-eight, 78 athsatthi

(adj.) sixty-eight, 68 athtis

(n.) insatiability, lack of appeasement attalika

ati

clt
(adj.) very much, exceeding, extremely, beyond

cflnsf

(n.) balcony, verandah

02.10.2002

19

attar

cQ/
(n.) scent, fragrance

aunsi

cf}+;L
(n.) new moon, last day of the dark half of the month

atthais

a67fO{;
aunu (v.i.) to come

(adj.) twenty-eight, 28 attinu

cfpg' cf}krfl/s cf}krfl/s cfb/jfrL cf}iflwk;n cjlw cjx]nf cjx]ngf cfjfh

(n.) voice, sound, report, uproar

cflQg'
(v.i.) to be frightened, to be nerveous aupacarik

(adj.) formal, ceremonial atur

cft'/
(adj.) sick, wounded, impatient, anxious aupacarik adarvaci

atut

c6"6
(adj.) unbroken, continuous, continual

(adj.) formally polite [linguistics] ausadhipasal

atuva (n.) ginger atyacar

c6'jf cTofrf/

(n.) chemist's (shop), pharmacy, drugstore avadhi

(n.) periode, time, limit, term, duration avahela

(n.) atrocity, tyranny, excess, outrage, oppression atyanta

(n.) neglect, disdain, contempt

cToGt
avahelna (n.) neglect, disdain, contempt avaj

(adj.) a lot, much, very much, exceedingly, utterly, extremely atyavashyak

cTofjZos cTo'lQm cf}

(adj.) very necessary, essential atyukti

avakash (n.) free time avalamban

cjsfz cjnDag cjnf]sg cjglt cj/f]w

(n.) hyperbole, exaggeration au (conj.) and aucitya

(n.) support, reliance

cf}lrTo cf}Bf]lus cf}+nf]

avalokan (n.) look, gaze avanati

(n.) propriety, appropriateness, validity audyogik (adj.) industrial aunlo (n.) finger aunlyaunu (v.t.) to point at
02.10.2002

(n.) decline, downfall avarodh

(n.) obstruction, hindrance, impediment, restraint, taboo

cf}+Nofpg'

20

avas

cfjf;
(n.) dwelling, place of residence

avyavastha (n.) disorder ayaram gayaram

cJoj:yf cfof/fd uof/fd cfo/n}08 cfof]u

avasar

cj;/ cj;/ kfpg'

(n.) opportunity, chance, occasion, scope avasar paunu

(n.) frequent defectionist (v.t.) to take a chance avashya (adv.) certainly avashyak ayarlaind (n.) Ireland

cjZo
ayog (n.) commission

cfjZos
ayojana (n.) project

(adj.) necessary, needful, inevitable avashyakta

cfof]hgf af

cfjZostf
ba (n.) father [colloquially]

(n.) necessity, need, requirement avastha

cj:yf
babu

(n.) condition, state, age, phase, despondency avasyakta

afa'
(n.) father [auch benutzt als Respektbezeugung gegenber nicht verwandten mnnlichen Personen sowie als Kosewort fr Jungen]

cfj:oQm cfjthfjt

(n.) need, necessity, requirement avat-javat

bacaunu

arfpg' a8f

(v.t.) to save, to defend, to spare bada

(n.) coming and going, connection, transmigration avicchinna

cljlRrGg cljsl;t
badal

(adj.) big, large, gigantic, og great size bada hakim (n.) district officer

(adj.) uninterrupted, continuous avikasit (adj.) undeveloped avishvas

a8f xflsd afbn

cljZjf;

(n.) cloud badam (n.) peanut

(n.) distrust, disbelief, non-confidence, suspicion, doubt aviskar

abfd abdfz abgfd

cfljisf/
badamash (adj.) wicked, immoral, mischievous

(n.) discovery, invention avivekpurna

cljj]sk"0f{
badanam

(adj.) without reason, for no reason, unfounded

(adj.) caluminated, infamous

02.10.2002

21

badha

afwf afws a9fg'{ a9fpg' a9L

bagnu

aUg' afujfgL axfb'/ ax; axQ/ afx]s alxgL alxgLHjfO aflx/ aflx/ ;d]t aflx/kl alx/f] alxifsf/

(n.) hinderance, obstacle, obstruction badhak

(v.i.) to flow, to glide bagvani (n.) horticulture bahadur

(adj.) hindering, obstructing badharnu (v.t.) sweep badhaunu

(adj.) brave, bold, courageous, defiant bahas

(v.t.) to increase, to make bigger, to enlarge badhi

(n.) discussion, argumentation, debate bahattar

(adj.) more, larger, higher badhiya

(num.) seventy-two, 72 bahek

al9of

(adj.) fine, nice, superior, excellent, of good quality badhnu

(postp.) except, besides bahini (n.) younger sister bahinijvain

a9\g'

(v.i.) to increase, to grow, to advance, to go forward, to flourish badi

abL
(n.) the dark half of a lunar month; evil, wickedness

(n.) younger sister's husband bahira

(postp.) outside, at another place bado

a8f]
(adj.) big, large, gigantic bahira samet even outside

bagainca

au}+rf
bahirapatti (n.) outside

(n.) garden, orchard bagbani

afuafgL
bahiro (adj.) deaf

(n.) gardening, horticulture baggi (n.) horse carriage bagh (n.) tiger bagha (n.) obstacle

aUuL
bahiskar

af3
bahra

(n.) expulsion, removal, exclusion, excommunication

afx|
(num.) twelve, 12

af3f

bahraun (adj.) twelfth

afx|f}+

02.10.2002

22

bahudaliya (adj.) multiparty bahudaliya vyavastha

ax'blno ax'blno joj:yf ax'dt ax'd"No afx'g a}hgL a}

bajet (n.) budget bajhnu

ah]6 afg' aHg'

(v.i.) to sound, to chime

(v.i.) to quarrel, to wrangle bajnu

(n.) multiparty system bahumat (n.) majority bajyai bahumulya (adj.) valuable, expensive, very costly bahun (n.) Brahmin baijani (adj.) purple baink (n.) bank bais

aHo}

(n.) grandmother [lower class], woman's mother-in-law [lower class], a Brahmin woman, an old woman bakas (n.) box bakas

afs; as; avt afv|L afv|f] aSs'nf] afSnf]

(n.) present, gift, reward bakhat

(n.) time, period, moment, opportunity

afO{;
(num.) twenty-two, 22

bakhri (n.) she-goat bakhro (n.) goat

baisatthi

a};6\7L a}zfv

(num.) sixty-two, 62 baishakh

(n.) first month of the Nepali calendar [April/May] baithak

bakkulo (n.) crane baklo (adj.) thick baksanu

a}7s

(n.) meeting, session, living room, sitting room, reception room baj (n.) hawk baje o'clock baje

afh ah] afh]

(n.) grandfather [auch zur Anrede eines Brahmanen oder eines alten Mannes sowie des Schwiegervaters einer Frau [letzteres nur untere Schichten]]

aS;g'

(v.t.) to give, to present [as a present or reward by a high standing personality like the king] bal

an
(n.) strength, power, force, might

bal (n.) child, boy

afn

02.10.2002

23

balatkar (n.) rape bali

anfTsf/ anL

banaunu

agfpg' aGr/f] afRg' aGb eof] aGb ug'{ aGbfsf]kL afb/ ab]n aGwg afWg' aGbL

(v.t.) to make, to build, to repair bancaro (n.) axe bancnu (v.i.) to survive banda bhayo

(adj.) strong, powerful bali

afnL
(n.) standig crops, harvest

balika (n.) young girl balistha

afLnsf aln:7 alnof] afns[i0f ;d

(comp.) it is closed, it is shut banda garnu

(adj.) strong, powerful, stout baliyo

(v.t.) to close, to shut bandakopi (n.) cabbage bandar (n.) monkey bandel (n.) wild pig bandhan (n.) imprisonment bandhnu

(adj.) strong, powerful, stout balkrishna sama

(n.) Bal Krishna Sama [a famous Nepali poet] balnu

aNg'
(v.i.) to burn, to blaze, to catch fire

balnu

afNg'
(v.t.) to kindle, to light, to burn

balti (n.) bucket balun

afN6L afn'g
(n.) a kind of folk song

(v.t.) to bind, to tie up, to fasten bandi

(n.) hostage, prisoner bandighar (n.) prison, jail bandigriha (n.) prison, jail bandikhana (n.) prison, jail bandnu

balyakal (n.) childhood bamojim

afNosfn adf]lhd

aGbL3/ aGbLu[x aGbLvfgf af8\g'

(adv.) according to, in accordance with, accordingly bamojit

adf]lht

(adj.) according to, in accordance with, accordingly

(v.t.) to part, to divide, to share, to partition

02.10.2002

24

banel (n.) wild pig bango

ag]n aff] a+u/ " afgL

(n.) habit, disposition, character

barkha

av{f afg'{

(n.) rains, rainy season, monsoon barnu

(adj.) crooked, bent, twisted bangur (n.) pig bani baru

(v.t.) to observe, to abstain from

a?
better, rather, or

barulo (n.) wasp basai sarai (n.) migration basalnu

af?nf] a;fO{ ;/fO{ a;fNg' a;Gt a;fpg' afl;Gbf a:g' a;f]af; a;f]jf; af6

banki

afsL
(n.) remainder, left over, residue

bannu

aGg' af;

(v.i.) to be ready, to be made bans (n.) bamboo bansko purda (n.) bamboo curtain bar

(v.t.) to cause to sit, to make someone sit basanta (n.) spring

af:sf] k"bf{ af/

basaunu

(v.t.) to cause to sit, to make someone sit basinda

(n.) fence, temporary wall bar

(n.) inhabitant, resident basnu

af/
(n.) weekday [of the Nepali calendar]

(v.i.) to sit, to settle, to remain basobas

bara

a/f
(n.) great-grandfather

(n.) residence, place of residence basovas

barbar

aa{/ aa{/tf af/]

(n./adj.) barbarian, savage, barbarisch, wild barbarta (n.) barbarity bare bata

(n.) residence, place of residence

(postp.) from, by bata marnu (v.i.) ro talk batas (n.) wind, air

aft dfg'{ atf;

(postp.) about, realting to, concerning bari

af/L
(n.) dry field, garden

02.10.2002

25

batho

af7f]
(adj.) intelligent, clever

beglo (adj.) separated behornu

a]Unf] a]xf]g'{

bato (n.) road, path, way bato lagnu (v.t.) to set off battai (n.) quail batti (n.) lamp battis

af6f] af6f] nfUg'

(v.i.) to bear, to make use of, to look after, to afford bela (n.) time, occasion

a]nf a]n'sf

afO{
beluka

aQL aQL;
(num.) thirty-two, 32 benci

(n./adj.) evening, in the evening, after sunset bemajja (adj.) not pleasing

a]dHhf a]GrL

batuko (n.) cup, bowl baulaha (adj.) mad, lunatic baunna (num.) fifty-two, 52 bayalis (num.) forty-two, 42 bayan

a6'sf]
bensi

(n.) bench

a]+;L
(n.) valley, lowland, lower portion of a hill

af}nfxf
bepar

a]kf/
(n.) trade, commerce

afpGg aofnL; aofg

ber

bepar garnu

a]kf/ ug'{ a]kf/L a]/

(v.t.) to trade, to sell bepari

(n.) trader, merchant

(n.) description, narration, account bayan (adj.) left bayanabbe

afof aofgAa]
bes

(n.) time, delay, late berojgar (n.) unemployment

a]/f]huf/ a];

(num.) ninety-two, 92 bayasi

aof;L
besar

(adj.) good, very good

(num.) eighty-two, 82 becnu

a];f/
(n.) turmeric

a]Rg'

(v.t.) to sell, to dispose off

02.10.2002

26

besari

a];/L

bhain

eO
(n.) ground, earth, floor

(adv.) nicely, abundantly, profusely, plentifully, excessively bevasta

a]jf:tf

bhainsi

e}+;L efhg efsf eQm eQmk'/

(n.) water buffalo [female] bhajan

(adj.) indifferent, unmindful, unconcerned, careless bhada

ef8f eb} ebf}

(n.) receptacle, object, dividing bhaka (n.) promise bhakta

(n.) rent, hire, fare, freight bhadai

(n.) woman's brother's daughter bhadau

(n./adj.) devotee; devoted, pious bhaktapur

(n.) fifth month of the Nepali year [AugustSeptember] bhadgaun

efbufp

(n.) Bhaktapur, Bhadgaon [an ancient town east of Kathmandu] bhakti

(n.) Bhaktapur, Bhadgaon [an ancient town east of Kathmandu] bhadkinu

elQm elQmdfg es'08f] v]Ng' efnf

(n.) devotion, worship, veneration

e8\lsg'
bhaktiman

(v.i.) to be frightened, to feel shy, to go astray bhado

(n./adj.) devotee; devoted, pious bhakundo khelnu

ebf] eb|

(n.) woman's brother's son bhadra bhala

(v.t.) to play football

(n.) fifth month of the Nepali year [AugustSeptember] bhagnu

(n.) spear, lance, pike bhalai

efUg' efO

enfO{

(v.i.) to flee, to run away bhai

(n.) welfare, well-being, goodness, gentleness bhale mujur (n.) peacock bhalu (n.) bear bhanda

efn] d'h'/ efn" eGbf

(n.) younger brother bhai-bharadar

efOef/fbf/

(n.) king's address towards his royal relatives bhaibuhari

efOa'xf/L

(n.) younger brother's wife

(postp.) compared to [used for construction of comparative]

02.10.2002

27

bhandakunda (n.) pots and pans bhandaphor

ef8fs'8f e08fkmf]]/

bhansar

eG;f/

(n.) customs, customs duties, office of the customs department bhanubhakta acarya

(n.) unmasking, unveiling, disclosure, revelation, betrayal bhandar (n.) store room bhandnu

efg'eQm cfrfo{

(n.) Bhanubhakta Acharya [a famous Nepali poet] bhar

e08f/ ef8\g'
bhar parnu (v.t.) to trust

e/
(n.) trust, faith, fullness

(v.t.) to spoil, to ruin (morally) bhando

e/ kg'{ ef/fbf/ ef/fbf/L ;ef

ef8f]
bharadar (n.) a high official

(n.) cooking pot, vessel, pot bhane

eg]
bharadari sabha

(conj.) if, on the other hand bhangero (n.) sparrow bhanij (n.) sister's son bhanje buhari

eu]/f] eflgh efGh] a'xf/L

bhare

(n.) assembly of high officials or nobility in early Shah and Rana times bharat (n.) India bharatiya (adj.) Indian

ef/t ef/tLo e/]

(n.) sister's son's wife bhanje jvain

efGh] HjfO{+
bhari

(postp.) later in the day, afterwards

(n.) sister's daughter's husband bhanji

ef/L
(adj.) heavy, weighty

efGhL
bhari

(n.) sister's daughter bhanjo (n.) sister's son bhanjyang

el/
(adj.) full to the brim, full

efGhf] e~Hof eGg] efG;f

bharibharau

el/e/fp el/k"0f{ ev{/

(adj.) full to the brim, full bharipurna

(n.) narrow valley, defile, mountain pass bhanne

(adj.) full to the brim, full bharkar (adv.) right now

(adj.) called, named bhansa (n.) kitchen

02.10.2002

28

bharopeli (adj.) indoeuropean bharopiya (adj.) indoeuropean bharosa

ef/f]k]nL ef/f]kLo e/f];f eT;{gf efof{ eof

bhau

efp
(n.) price, value, rate

bhaugolik

ef}uf]lns ef}uf]lns dxTj efph" efj

(adj.) geographic, geographical bhaugolik mahatva

(n.) hope, trust, reliance bhartsana

(n.) geographical importance bhauju

(n.) reproach, abuse bharya bhava

(n.) elder brother's wife

(n.) wife, female consort bharyang (n.) stairs bhasa (n.) language bhasan (n.) speech, lecture bhasan dinu

(n.) thought, mental state, feeling, sentiment, musing bhavan

ejg ejfg lgdf{0f snf efjgf

(n.) house, mansion, palace

efiff
bhavan nirman kala

efif0f efif0f lbg' efifflj1fg eft

architecture bhavana

(n.) thought, mental state, feeling, sentiment, musing bhavavacak nam

(v.t.) to give a lecture bhasavigyan

efjjfrs gfd eJo e]8f] e]s

(n.) abstract [linguistics] bhavya

(n.) linguistics, philosophy bhat (n.) boiled rice bhatamas (n.) soyabean bhatiji

(adj.) grand, pompous, splendorous bhedo (n.) sheep bhek

e6df; elthL elthf] ef/s

(n.) neighbourhood, locality, area bhela

(n.) man's brother's daughter bhatijo

e]nf
(n.) gathering (of people)

(n.) man's brother's son bhet bhattarak

e]6
(n.) meeting, visit, interview

(adj.) revered, respectable

02.10.2002

29

bhet hunu

e]6 x'g' e]6\g'

bhok (n.) hunger bhok lagnu to be hungry bhokaunu (v.i.) to be hungry bholi (adv.) tomorrow bhote (n.) Tibetan, Bhote bhraman

ef]s ef]s nfug' ef]sfpg' ef]ln ef]6] e|d0f e|i6 e|i6frf/ e|i6frf/L e"ue{ lj1fg e"uf]nsf] cg';Gwfg sfo{ e'O
(n.) ground, floor, surface of the earth

(v.t.) to meet, to bump into someone bhetnu

(v.i./v.t.) to meet, to get, to find, to come across bhijnu (v.i.) to get wet bhiksha

leHg' leIff legfh' leGgtf leq

(n.) begging, alm, charity bhinaju

(n.) elder sister's husband bhinnata (n.) difference bhrasta bhitra

(n.) travel, travelling, roaming

(adj.) fallen, spoilt, polluted, defiled bhrastacar

(postp.) inside, within, in bhitrinu

lelqg' lelqof

(n.) corruption, corrupt practice bhrastacari (n.) corrupt person bhugarbha vigyan (n.) geology bhugolko anusandhan karya

(v.i.) to enter, to penetrate bhitriya

(adj.) counted as a member of the family or group bhitte wall bhitto (n.) side of the wall bhogate (n.) grapefruit bhogdan

leQ] leQf] ef]u6] ef]ubfg ef]hg ef]hgfno

(n.) geological survey bhuin

bhuin

e"O
(n.) ground, floor, surface of the earth

(n.) help, assistance bhojan (n.) food bhojnalaya bhuincalo (n.) earthquake bhuinkatahar (n.) pineapple

e"Orfnf] e"Os6x/

(n.) kitchen, cafe, canteen, dining room

02.10.2002

30

bhuja

e'hf
(n.) boild rice [upper class]

bhutpurva

e"tk"j{ e'6'jf Eofu'tf] Eofpg' aLr

(adj.) past, former, previous bhutuva (n.) fried meat

bhuknu (v.i.) to bark bhu-ksharan (n.) soil erosion bhulnu

e'Sg' e"If/0f e'Ng'

bhyaguto (n.) frog bhyaunu (v.i.) to find time bic

(v.i./v.t.) to forget, to make a mistake, to be attached bhumi

e"ld e"ldut e"ldsf e"8L e"kl/j]li6t b]z e';'gf] e"6f e'6]sf] ds} e'6]sf] df;' e'Tn e'6\g'

(n./postp.) middle, centre, during, among bicar

(n.) ground, floor, surface of the earth

larf/
(n.) thought, consideration, idea

bhumigat (n.) underground

bicchi (n.) scorpion bigauti

laR5L lauf}tL

bhumika

(n.) preface, introduction, foreword bhundi (n.) stomach bhu-parivestit desh biha

(n.) beestings, the milk of the animal after bearing a calf

laxf
(n.) marriage, wedding, matrimony

(n.) land-locked country bhusuno (n.) gnat bhutang (n.) Bhutan bhuteko makai (n.) popcorn bhuteko masu (n.) fried meat bhutla (n.) fur, hair bhutnu (v.t.) to fry bij

bihaite

laxfOt] laxfg lalxjf/ aLh

(adj.) married, wedded bihana

(n./adv.) morning; in the morning bihivar (n.) Thursday

(n.) seed bijaropan

aLhf/f]k0f

(n.) laying of the foundation stone, cornerstone ceremony bijuli

lah'nL
(n.) electricity, lightening

02.10.2002

31

bikha (n.) poison, venom bilkul

lav lans'n
(adj.) entirely, fully, completely

bolaunu

af]nfpg' af]nafnf af]nrfn af]nrfndf af]lng' af]nLjrg af]Ng'

(v.t.) to call, to invite bolbala

(n.) all in all, all powerful bolcal

binti (n.) request, prayer bintipatra

laGtL lalGtkq la/fnf]

(n.) cat

(n.) conversation, talk bolcalma

(n.) application, petition biralo

in everyday language bolinu (v.i.) to be spoken

birami

la/fdL latf{

bolivacan

(n./adj.) patient, illness, ill birta (n.) free-hold land birtaval bolnu

(n.) conversation, talk

(v.i.) to speak

latf{jfn aL;

brihaspatibar (n.) Thursday brihat

a[x:kltaf/ a[xt

(n.) owner of free-hold land bis (num.) twenty, 20 bitaunu (v.t.) to spend biu (n.) seed biunjhanu (v.t.) to wake up bodi

(adj.) big, large, huge

latfpg' aLp

buddhi

a'l4

(n.) knowledge, intellect, mental power, wisdom buddhical (n.) chess

a'l4rfn a'l4hLjL a"9f af a'wjf/ a"9L cfdf

lapg'
buddhijivi

(adj.) intelligent, learned

af]8L
(n.) a kind of bean, blackeye bean budha ba

(n.) grandfather [lower class] boknu

af]Sg'
budhavar (n.) Wednesday

(v.t.) to carry, to lift, to conceive boko (n.) he-goat

af]sf]
budhi ama

(n.) grandmother [lower class]

02.10.2002

32

budhi aunlo (n.) thumb budho (adj.) old [person] buhari

a"9L cf}+nf] a"9f]

caharnu

rxfg'{

(v.t.) to loiter, to linger, to walk about, to spend time idly by moving about cahinu

rflxg' r}t

(v.i.) to be necessary, to be required

a'xf/L
cait

(n.) son's wife, daughter-in-law buingal

a'Oun
caitra

(n.) twelfth month of the Nepali year [MarchApril]

(n.) upper storey of a house, attic, garret bujhaunu

r}q
(n.) twelfth month of the Nepali year [MarchApril]

a'fpg' a'bf a'?08L a'f

(v.t.) to explain, to make over cakhaunu

rvfpg' rfVg' rSs' rqmdfu{ rfn

bunda

(v.t.) to cause to taste cakhnu (v.t.) to taste cakku

(n.) main point, main issue burundi (n.) Burundi butta (n.) design cakramarg buva (n.) father, papa bvanso (n.) wolf byadmintan (n.) badminton cabaunu (v.t.) to chew calan cadhaunu

(n.) knife, cutting knife

a'jf Ajf;f] Aof8ldG6g rafpg' r9fpg' r9\g' r8\g'

calan cal

(n.) ringroad

(n.) movement calak

rnfs
(adj.) clever, sly, cunning, shrewd

calakh

rnfv rng

(adj.) clever, sly, cunning, shrewd

(n.) custom, habit, style, conduct

(v.t.) to cause to ride, to offer [to superiors]

rnfg
(n.) despatch, consignment

cadhnu

(v.t.) to climb, to mount, to ride calan garnu (v.t.) to use

rng ug'{

cadnu

(v.t.) to mount, to go up, to ascend, to ride, to improve

02.10.2002

33

calaunu

rnfpg'

cancun

rfgr'g rGbf rf8} rfbL

(v.t.) to cause to move, to put to use, to move, to despatch calis (num.) forty, 40 callo (n.) young chicken calnu

(adj.) about, a little, miscellaneous canda (n.) donation candai (adv.) soon candi (n.) silver cando

rfln; rNnf] rNg'

(v.i.) to move, to be current, to be in use, to work, to flirt

rf8f] rGb|df rfu'gf/fo0f

caltika

rNtLsf rd8f rfdn rDrf rd]/f] rDsg' rDsfpg' rlDsnf] rD;'/

cap

(adj.) quick, fast, soon, immediately candrama (n.) moon cangunarayan

(adj.) common, normal, in circulation camada (n.) skin, hide camal

(n.) Changunarayan [an ancient site in the eastern part of the Kathmandu valley]

(n.) husked but uncooked rice

rfk
(n.) arc, segment of a circle, semi-circle, rainbow

camca (n.) spoon camero (n.) bat, vampire camkanu

car (num.) four, 4 caraitira

rf/ rf/}lt/ r/0f

(n.) foot, leg, a quarter of a stanza

(v.i.) to glitter, to shine camkaunu caran

(adv.) on all (four) sides

(v.t.) to polish, to cause to shine camkilo (adj.) bright camsur carca

caraunu

r/fpg' rrf{

(v.t.) to make graze

(n.) [a kind of pungent vegetable eaten raw as herbal medicine] canakya

(n.) talk, enquiry, query, praise, remark, commendation carit

rf0fSo

rl/t
(n.) character, conduct, manners, behaviour, work, occupation

(n.) [name of Kautilya, the author of the ancient Arthashastra]

02.10.2002

34

caritra

rl/q

caudha (num.) fourteen, 14 cauhattar

rf}w rf}xQ/ rf}sf rf}+tL; rf}k} rf}/fgAa] rf}/f;L rf};6\7L rf}tf/f

(n.) character, conduct, manners, behaviour, work, occupation carkanu

rs{g' rsf{pg' rvf{ rsf]{

(num.) seventy-four, 74 cauka

(v.t.) to crack, to split, to break carkaunu

(n.) eating place surrounding the store cauntis

(v.t.) to cause to crack, to cause to split carkha (n.) spinning wheel caupattai carko

(num.) thirty-four, 34

(adj.) exceedingly, exceptionally cauranabbe

(adj.) hard, bitter, heavy, difficult, loud, piquant. lively, excessive, high carnu (v.i.) to graze caro (n.) bird cartarph

rg'{ r/f] rf/tkm{ rf/lt/ r6fpg' rf6\g'

(v.i.) to lick

(num.) ninety-four, 94 caurasi

(num.) eighty-four, 84 causatthi

(num.) sicty-four, 64 cautara

(adv.) on all (four) sides cartira

(n.) sincere and benevolent member of the royal family cautariya

(adv.) on all (four) sides

rf}tl/of rf}tkm{ rf}yf] rjfnL; rjGg rjfpg'

cataunu

(n.) member of the royal family cautarph

(v.t.) to cause to lick catnu

(adv.) on all (four) sides cautho (adj.) fourth cavalis

caubar (adj.) four times caubis

rf}a/ rf}aL; rf}8f rf}8fO

(num.) forty-four, 44 cavanna (num.) fifty-four, 54 cavaunu (v.t.) to chew

(num.) twenty-four, 24 cauda

(n./adj.) width, breadth; wide caudai

(n./adj.) width, breadth; wide

02.10.2002 35

cehara

r]x/f r]nL

chahattar

5xQ/ 5};6\7L 5}6f}+ 5lSsg' 5sfpg' 5fnf

(n.) face, appearance, countenance celi

(num.) seventy-six, 76 chaisatthi (num.) sixty-six, 66 chaitaun (adj.) sixth chakkinu

(n.) female disciple, female pupil celibeti becvikhat (n.) girls trafficking cepang

r]lna]6L a]rljvt r]kf r]tgf

(v.i.) to be deceived, to be astonished chakyaunu

(n.) Chepang [a Nepalese nationality] cetana (v.t.) to tell lies, to deceive chala (n.) skin chalnu

(n.) intelligence, consciousness, animation, rationality, spirit cetauni (n.) to warn cetavani (n.) warning cetnu

r]tfpgL r]tfjgL r]Tg'

5Ng' 5nkmn 5nkmn ug'{ 5fDg' 5fgf 5fgjLg 5Gb 5fGg] 5fGg'

(v.t.) to deceive, to trick chalphal

(n.) discussion, debate chalphal garnu (v.t.) to discuss

(v.i.) to be conscious, to recover the senses, to be on the alert cha (num.) six, 6 cha patra (adj.) sixfold chabbis

5 5 kq 5AaL; 5fb\g' 5f8\g' 5xf/L

chamnu

(v.t.) to touch, to feel chana (n.) roof chanavin

(num.) twenty-six, 26 chadnu

(n.) selection, search, scrutiny, choice chand

(v.i./v.t.) to throw up, to vomit chadnu

(n.) meter, prosody, intention channe (n.) filter, strainer chahari channu

(v.t.) to leave, to leave out

shade, shelter, protection

(v.t.) to choose, to select, to sieve

02.10.2002

36

chantyal

5GYofn 5fkfvfgf 5kGg 5flkg' 5fKg' 5g'{

chayan

5fof 5ofgaA] 5of;L 5]Sg' 5]qL

(n.) Chantyal [a Nepali nationality] chapakhana

(n.) shade, shadow, reflection chayanabbe

(n.) press, printing press chapanna (num.) fifty-six, 56 chapinu

(num.) ninety-six, 96 chayasi

(num.) eighty-six, 86 cheknu

(v.i.) to be published chapnu chetri

(v.t.) to stop, to hinder

(v.t.) to print, to publish charnu

(n.) Chetri, Kshatriya [the second highest class (varna) of the Hindu social hierarchy] chimeki (n.) neighbour

(v.t.) to scatter, to disperse chata (n.) umbrella chati

l5d]sL l5+8L l5/fpg' l5s]{lds]{ l5g'{ l56f]

5ftf
chindi

(n.) cellar, basement

5ftL
(n.) chest, breast, bravery, courage chiraunu

(v.t.) to cause to go through chatra

5fq
chirkemirke (adj.) spotted

(n.) scholar, disciple, pupil chatravas

5fqfjf;
chirnu

(n.) hostel, boarding house, lodging chattis

(v.i.) to go through, to bore through

5QL;
chito (adj.) quick, smart

(num.) thirty-six, 36 chaunu

5fpg'
chodnu

(v.t.) to cover, to roof chauro

5f]8\g'

5fp/f] 5fof
chori

(v.t.) to leave, to leave out, to abandon, to relinquish, to give up chopnu

(n.) cub, puppy, kitten chaya

5f]Kg' 5f]/L

(v.t.) to cover, to hide

(n.) shade, shadow, reflection chayalis (num.) forty-six, 46

5ofnL;
choro

(n.) daughter

5f]/f]
(n.) son

02.10.2002

37

choto

5f]6f]
(adj.) short, small, condensed

cinaunu

lrgfpg' lrglof lrGg'

(v.t.) to introduce, to cause to recognize ciniyan (adj.) Chinese

chunu (v.t.) to touch churavaji

5'g' 5'/fjfhL 5':s/

cinnu

(n.) exchange of dagger-blows chuskar

(v.t.) to recognize, to know, to identify, to distinguish cinta

(n.) tell-tale, backbiter chutkara

lrGtf
(n.) woory, anxiety, care, concern, reflection

5'6sf/f
cintan

(n.) release, freedom, rescue chutnu

lrGtg

5'6\g'
cintit

(n.) thinking, study, reflection, contemplation, meditation

(v.i.) to be left, to separate chuvachut

lrlGtt
(adj.) sad

5'jf5"t
ciplo

(n.) untouchability, contamination cihan

lrKnf]
(adj.) slippery

lrxfg
(n.) grave, graveyard, cemetry, tomb, burial ground cirnu

lrg'{
(v.t.) to split, to rip up

cijbij

lrhlah
(n.) goods, furniture, wares ciso

lr;f]
(adj.) cold, wet, moistened, damp

cikitsa

lrlsT;f
ciso pani (n.) cold water

(n.) treatment, remedy, medication, therapy cikitsalaya

lr;f] kfgL lr7L

lrlsT;fno
cithi

(n.) hospital, dispensary cil (n.) eagle cimotnu

(n.) letter, written message

rLn
citra

lrq
(n.) picture, painting, illustration, image

lrdf]6\g'
citta

(v.t.) to pinch, to nip cin (n.) China cinari

lrQ
(n.) mind, feeling, spirit, heart, attention, memory, thought

rLg
cittha

lr6\7f
(n.) lottery, game of chance

lrgf/L
(n.) identity, acquaintance, intimacy, familiarity

02.10.2002

38

citthi

lr6\7L
(n.) letter, written message

cuhunu (v.i.) to drip, to leak culensi

r'x'g' r'n]+;L

cituva

lrt'jf
(n.) leopard, panther

(n.) a curved instrument for cutting and preparing vegetables for cooking culo

ciundo (n.) chin ciura

lrp8f] lrp/f

r'nf]
(n.) cooking place, stove

(n.) flattened rice, beaten rice ciya (n.) tea cod-patra

cultho

r'N7f] r'Dg' r'gf

(n.) plaited hair, interwoven hair

lrof
cumnu

(v.t.) to kiss, to caress

rf]8kq
cuna (n.) lime

(n.) written consent of divorce, quitclaim cok (n.) courtyard cokhinu (v.i.) to be pure cor

rf]s
cunauti (n.) challenge

r'gf}tL r'gfj r'gfjL r"k nfUg' r'/f]6

rf]lvg'
cunav

(n.) election, selection

rf]/
(n.) thief, robber, swindler cunavi (adj.) electoral

cornu (v.t.) to steal cot

rf]g'{
cup lagnu (v.i.) to be quiet

rf]6
(n.) wound, bruise, hurt, mental agony curot (n.) cigarette

cucuro

r'r'/f]
cusnu (v.t.) to suck

(n.) peak, summit, highest point cuda (n.) crown, crest cudamani

r':g' r'6fO

r"8f
cutai

(n.) beating, thrashing

r"8fdl0f
cutnu

(n.) a kind of valuable ornament or jewel worn on the head cuhinu (v.i.) to drip, to leak

r'6\g'
(v.t.) to thrash, to beat

r'lxg'

cyankhla (n.) ground corn

RofVnf

02.10.2002

39

cyatnu (v.t.) to tear cyau (n.) mushroom dabau (n.) pressure dabi (n.) claim, demand dadhnu

RofTg' Rofp bafp bfaL 89\g' 8f8'

dajyu (n.) elder brother daknu

bfHo" 8fSg' bIf blIf0f sf]l/of bfn

(n.) different kinds of lentils

(v.t.) to call, to invite daksha

(adj.) dexterous, able, astute dakshin koriya (n.) Sdkorea dal

(v.i.) to burn, to be burnt up dadu (n.) ladle daguraunu dal

bn
(n.) party, group, crowd

bu'/fpg' bu'g'{ bx

dalal

bnfn
(n.) broker, tout, middleman

(v.t.) to cause to run dagurnu

dalbal

bnan bnaGbL bfnrLgL blnt

(v.i.) to run, to hasten, to race daha (n.) pond, lake dahi (n.) yoghurt dahine (adj.) right dahri (n.) beard dai (n.) elder brother dailo

(n.) the whole party, army, strenght dalbandi

(n.) party politics, group politics

bxL bflxg] bfx|L

dalcini (n.) cinnamon dalit

(n.) Dalit, untouchable (as seen by the Brahmans) dallo

8Nnf]
(n.) round thing, cloth, lump

bfO
dalo (n.) basket

8fnf] bnklt bnljxLgtf

b}nf]
(n.) door, gate, passage, entrance dalpati

(n.) party leader, chief, commander daju (n.) elder brother

bfh'
dalvihinata

(n.) independence from party, non-party

02.10.2002

40

daman

bdg bDklt 8Dkm" bfg

dantmanjan (n.) tooth paste danuvar

bGtdGhg bg'jf/ bkmf 8/

(n.) suppression, oppression dampati

(n.) husband and wife damphu (n.) a kind of drum dan dar

(n.) Dhanuwar [a Nepali nationality] dapha

(n.) section of a law

(n.) donation, gift, religious gift, contribution danda

(n.) fear, dread, alarm, risk, danger daraj (n.) cupboard daraunu

8f8f 8f8 88fNg' 8f8L

b/fh 8/fpg' b/af/ bf/L

(n.) beard

(n.) hill, hillock, pole of a roof danda

(n.) fine, penalty, punishment dandalnu (n.) back dandi dari

(v.i.) to frighten, to be frightened darbar

(n.) palace, royal court

(n.) pole, staff (of a palanquin) dando

8f8f] 8fkm]

dari (n.) cotton rug daridra

b/L bl/b| bfl/d

(n.) pomegranate

(n.) hill, hillock, the pole of a roof danphe

(n.) the nine-coloured Himalayan pheasant [the National Bird of Nepal] dant (n.) tooth dant majhnu (v.t.) to clean teeth dant malnu (v.t.) to clean teeth dant maskaunu (v.t.) to clean teeth dantko burus (n.) tooth brush

(adj.) poor, needy, penurious darim

bft bft dfg' bft dNg' bft d:sfpg' bftsf] a'?;

darja

bhf{
(n.) class, standard, position, rank

darjan (n.) dozen darjiling (n.) Darjeeling darlagdo

bh{g nfhL{ln 8/nfUbf]

(adj.) dreadful, terrible, dangerous

02.10.2002

41

darle out of fear darshan

8/n] bz{g b;
(num.) ten, 10

daya

bof
(n.) kindness, favour, mercy, pity, sympathy

daya aunu to pity, to feel pity dayan (adj.) right

bof cfpg' bfof bogLo b]a]|

(n.) audience, appearance, vision das

das

bf;
(n.) slave, servant, dependent

dayaniya

(adj.) pitiable, arousing pity debre

dasana

8;gf b;f}+ bzs ;j{gfd b;L

(n.) cotton rug for lying on, mattress dasaun (adj.) tenth dashak sarvanam

(adj.) left, reverse, opposite dedh baje (adv.) half past one dekhaunu (v.t.) to show dekhi

8]9 ah] b]vfpg' b]lv

(n.) demonstrative pronoun dasi (n.) proof, evidence dasta

(postp.) from, after, owing to

bf;tf
(n.) slavery, servitude, bondage

dekhinu

b]lvg' b]Vg' 8]/f

(v.i.) to be seen, to appear dekhnu (v.t.) to see dera

dastavej

b:tj]h bftf

(n.) document, deed data

giver, donor, benefactor datri sanstha (n.) donor agency daudaha

(n.) residence, booth, camp desh

bft[ ;+:yf bf}8fxf bfp/f

b]z
(n.) land, country, region

deshantar

b]zGt/ b]zeQm b]zelQm

(n.) touring, travelling, inspection daura

(n.) terrestrial longitude; foreign country deshbhakta (n.) patriot deshbhakti (n.) patriotism

(n.) firewood, fuel, dried wood dava (n.) claim, demand

bfjf

02.10.2002

42

deshraksha

b]z/Iff b]j/

dhandhali

wfwnL wfgL

(n.) national defence devar dhani

(n.) chaos, chaotic state

(n.) husband's younger brother devarani

(adj.) golden dhani (adj.) rich dhaniyan (n.) coriander

b]j/fgL b]j6f 9f8; wfuf] 9sg] 9s9sfpg' 9fSg' wldnf] wDsL wg

wgL wlgof wlgofsf] ;fu 9f6\g' wkfpg' wf/f

(n.) water tap, torrent, current of water

(n.) husband's younger brother's wife devata (n.) god dhadas

dhaniyanko sag (n.) coriander green dhantnu

(n.) encouragement, hope, assurance dhago (n.) thread dhakane

(v.i.) to tell a lie, to deceive dhapaunu

(n.) rice fried in butter and cooked in milk dhakdhakyaunu dhara

(v.t.) to drive away, to chase

(v.t.) to push down, to tap dhaknu

dharahara (n.) tower dharan

w/x/f wf/0f wf/0ff w/ftn ws]{ wd{ wdb]j

(v.t.) to hide, to cover, to conceal dhamilo

(adj.) dim, not clear, dirty, muddy dhamki

(n.) holding, wielding dharana

(n.) threatening, threat, reproof dhan

(n.) determination, thought, memory dharatal

(n.) wealth, property, riches dhan (n.) unhusked Reis dhanca

(n.) surface (of the earth) dharke (adj.) striped

wfg 9frf wGwf

dharma

(n.) design, way, method, make up, manner dhandha

(n.) religion, duty, creed, faith dharmadeva

(n.) occupation, business, profession

(n.) Dharmadeva [a Licchavi king, father of Manadeva I]

02.10.2002

43

dharmadhikari

wdf{lwsf/L wd{u|Gy wd{zfnf wd{jfrs gfd wld{s wld{s :yfg wgf{ wf/f]

dheraijaso (adj.) many, a lot dhiki

w]/}h;f] l9sL

(n.) an official responsible for jurisdiction dharmagranth (n.) religious text dharmashala

(n.) a machine for husking rice dhimal

lwdfn l9+8f] 9f]sf 9'Ss 9's'/ 9's'6L 9'+uf w"k

(n.) resthouse [for religious puposes] dharmavacak nam

(n.) Dhimal [a Nepali nationality] dhindo

(n.) abstract noun [ling.] dharmik

(n.) boiled flour paste dhoka

(adj.) religious, related to dharma dharmik sthan (n.) religious centre dharna

(n.) door, gate, gateway dhukka

(adj.) free from axiety, secure dhukur (n.) dove dhukuti

(n.) the act of waiting for something dharo

(n.) spring of water, current of water, stream of people dhatu (n.) metal dhau (n.) ore dherai

(n.) barn, storehouse, treasury dhunga (n.) stone dhup

wft' wfp w]/} w]/} cl3 w]/} nf]Ug] x'g' w]/} ljjfx w]/} ljjfx ug'{

(n.) sun, sunshine, incence dhusro

w';|f] Wjf;] Wofg lbbL

(adj.) ash-coloured, grey dhvanse

(adj.) much, many, a lot dherai aghi

(adj.) dark-brown, soot-coloured dhyan

(adv.) long time ago dherai logne hunu

(n.) meditation, contemplation didi (n.) elder sister digo (adj.) sustainable

(comp.) to practice polyandry dherai vivaha (n.) polgamy

bLuf]

dherai vivaha garnu

(comp.) to practice polygamy

02.10.2002

44

din (n.) day dinahun (adj.) daily dinbhari for the whole day dinu (v.t.) to give dirgha

lbg lbgx' lbgel/ lbg' bL3{ bL3{sfnLg lbzf

(n.) direction

dosi

bf]ifL
(adj.) defective, faulty, guilty, sinful

dosro (adj.) second dravyavacak nam (n.) material noun dristi

bf];|f] b|Jojfrs gfd b[l:6

(n.) sight, vision, looking

dristikon

b[l:6sf]0f b'Anfpg' b'Anf]

(adj.) large, wide, tall, huge, deep dirghakalin

(n.) viewpoint, visual angle dublaunu

(adj.) sustained, chronic, long term disha dublo

(v.i.) to get thin, to be weak

(adj.) weak, thin, lean, skiny

diunso

lbp;f] lbj;

dubnu

8'Ag' 8'a'NsL dfg'{ b"w

(adv.) at the day time divas (n.) day dobar

(v.i.) to drown, to sink dubulki marnu

(v.t.) to take the plunge

bf]a/
(adj.) double, twice, twofold

dudh (n.) milk dugdha (n.) milk dugdhasar (n.) cheese

dohori

bf]xf]/L bf]Snf]

b'Uw b'Uw;f/ b'u'g'{ b'MvL b'x'g'

(adj.) pertaining to both sides doklo (adj.) double doko

8f]sf]
(n.) a big basket carried on the back

dugurnu (v.i.) to run duhkhi (adj.) sad duhunu (v.t.) to milk

doreto

8f]/]6f] 8f]/L

(n.) footpath, way to walk dori (n.) cord, rope

02.10.2002

45

dui (num.) two, 2 dura

b'O{ b'/f
(n.) Dura [a Nepali nationality]

dyotak

Bf]ts

(adj.) making clear, showing, manifesting, enlightening, indicating e (int.) hey! listen!

P P3f/ P3f/f}+ Phg

ditto, loc cit.

duragraha

b'/fu|x
eghara (num.) eleven, 11

(n.) prejudice, improper attempt durdarshita

b"/blz{tf
egharaun (adj.) eleventh

(n.) far-sightedness, prudence, sagacity durgam (adj.) remote dursancar

b'ud {
ejan

b"/;rf/
ek (num.) one, 1

(n.) telecommunication durvavahar

Ps Ps aflh Ps l5g Ps rf]l6 Ps v]k Ps g Ps Ps kN6 Ps ;o b'O{ Ps ;o Ps Psfcsf{nfO{

b'j{jxf/
ek baji (adv.) once

(n.) misconduct, misbehaviour dusti

b"l:t
(adj.) defective, corrupted, defiled, contaminated, polluted ek chin

(adv.) for a moment, for a short time ek coti (adv.) once ek khep (adv.) once ek na ek one or other

dut

b"t
(n.) ambassador, massenger, courier

dvandva

Fb f/f

(n.) couple, duel, quarrel dvara (postp.) from, by dvija

lh
(n.) twice-born, Brahman, oviparous

ek palta (adv.) once ek saya dui

dvitiya purus vacak

ltLo k'?if jfrs ltLofw{

(num.) one hundred and two, 102 ek saya ek

(n.) second person [ling.] dvitiyardha (n.) second half ekaarkalai (adv.) each other (num.) one hundred and one, 101

02.10.2002

46

ekabihana

Psflaxfg Psfb]zdf PsfsL

ekkais

PSsfO{; PSsfl; Psn}

(adv.) very early in the morning ekadeshma in any country ekaki eklai

(num.) twenty-one, 21 ekkasi

(adv.) suddenly, at once, all at once

(adj.) alone, solitary ekanabbe

(adv.) alone, only eklauti (adj.) monopolistic eklo

PsfgAa] PsfGt PsfpGg Psf;L

Psnf}6L PSnf]

(num.) ninety-one, 91 ekanta

(n./adj.) solitude, loneliness; alone, lonely ekanunna (num.) fifty-one, 51 ekasi

(adj.) lone, solitary, alone, single eknas

Psgf;

(adj.) similar, in the same way, monotonous, uniform, all the same ekohorinu

(num.) eighty-one, 81 ekatira

Psf]xf]l/g' Ps;/f] Ps;6\7L Pstf

(v.i.) to concentrate on one thing only

Psflt/
eksaro

(adv.) to one side, on the one hand ekcalis

(adj.) single, without cover, once

PsrfnL;
eksatthi

(num.) forty-one, 41 ekdam (adv.) very ekedami (n.) academy ekhattar

(num.) sixty-one, 61

Psbd
ekta

Ps]8dL
ektak

(n.) oneness, unity, union, sameness, solidarity

Ps6s
(adv.) incessant, continuous

PsxQm/
ektis

(num.) seventy-one, 71 ekikaran

PstL;
(num.) thirty-one, 31

PsLs/0f
ektrit

(n.) integration, amalgamation, unification ekikrit

Pslqt
(adj.) united, gathered

PsLs[t
eproc

integrated, united, unified ekkai coti

Pk|fr ]
(n.) approach

PSs} rf]l6

(adv.) at the same time, at once

eshiyali (adj.) Asian

PlzofnL

02.10.2002

47

esiyayi (adj.) Asian euta

Pl;ofoL Pp6f

gadgad

ub\ub\

thick mud or any thick substance, muddy, swampy gadha (n.) donkey, ass

(adj.) one [non-human] euta tukra jagga a small plot of land evamastu

uwf uwfklRr;L uLg/l; uf8\g' ub\ofsu'b|'s

Pp6f 6'qmf hUuf Pjd:t' Pj+

gadhapaccisi

(n.) adolescence, an unexperienced age gadinarasing

(adv.) so be it; Amen evan (conj.) and, as also gada

(adj.) enthroned, installed as king gadnu (v.t.) to bury

ubf
(n.) club, mace, bludgeon

gadryak-gudruk

(n.) sound produced by the trampling of feet or hoofs gadryamma

gadagad

ubub ub/

(adj.) glad, happy, pleased, joyful gadar

ub\ofDd

(n.) terrible sound produced by the fall of heavy things gadya

(n.) mutiny, rebellion, revolt gadda

uB uBsljtf uBsfJo ufu|L

u2f u2f/ u2/

gagri

(n.) prose, ordinary writing gadya-kavita (n.) prose poetry gadya-kavya

(n.) soft and thick bed, mattress gaddar (adj.) revolutionary gaddar

(n.) prose, belles lettres

(n.) mud, dirt, swamp gaddar-posh

u2/kf]z
gagro

(n.) a metal water-vessel

(n.) door mat for rubbing off mud gaddi

ufu|f]
(n.) a large earthenware or metal jar for water

u2L
(n.) throne, saddle cloth, cushion

gahak gaddu

ufxs ufxsL

u2'

(n.) buyer, customer, purchaser gahaki

(n./adv.) a bear's cub; useless, good for nothing, worthless

(n.) buyer, customer, purchaser

02.10.2002

48

gahat (n.) lentils gahiro

uxt ulx/f] ux|f}+ ufx|f]

(adj.) difficult, arduous, hard

galat (adj.) wrong gali

unt ufnL
(n.) rebuke, abuse, reproof

(adj.) deep, profound, solemn gahraun gali

ufln
(n.) rebuke, abuse, reproof

(adj.) heavy, weighty gahro

gali garnu

ufnL ug'{ uNnL

(v.t.) to tell off, to insult galli (n.) lane, by-lane gamarkyaunu

gahrungo

ux|'+uf] ux' ufO{

(adj.) heavy, weighty gahun (n.) wheat gai (n.) cow gaibastu (n.) cattle gaihra (adj.) all, whole gainda (n.) rhinoceros gair sarkari sanstha

udSf{pg' uDeL/ ugug ugugfx6 ugugfpg' u0ftGq

(v.t.) to clutch, to seize gambhir

(adj.) deep, grave, far down

ufO{j:t' u}x| u}8f + u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf u}/k|hftflGqs ufh/

ganagan

(n.) grumbling, murmuring, prattling ganaganahat

(n.) grumbling, murmuring, prattling ganaganaunu

(v.i.) to grumble, to mumur ganatantra

(n.) Non Government Organization, NGO gairaprajatantrik

(n.) republic, republican system of government ganathan

ugyg ugygfpg' uGbuL uGw

(adj.) undemocratic, non-democratic gajar (n.) carrot gala (n.) cheeks galainca (n.) carpet

(n.) idle talk, gossip, a long tale ganathanaunu

(v.t.) to talk nonsense, to gossip

ufnf un}+rf

gandagi

(n.) filth, dirt, impurity gandha

(n.) smell, odour, stink, scent, perfume

02.10.2002

49

gandhadravya

uGwb|Jo uGws uGwfIft uGwj{

ganjipha

uGhLkmf uGg' uf;

a sweet scented substance gandhak

(n.) a kind of playing cards or ist game gannu

(n.) sulphur, brim-stone gandhakshat gans

(v.t.) to count, to reckon, to deem

(n.) sandal-wood, tice, etc. for puja gandharva

(n.) mouthful, morsel gansnu

uf:g' uGtL

(n.) a celestian or heavenly musician, a class of demi-god gandharva-ved

(v.t.) to join together ganti

uGwj{j]b uGwj{ljBf uGwj{ljjfx

(n.) number, reckoning, attendance gapashap

(n.) science of Music

ukzk uKkm8 u/fpg' ue{ u/]/} 5f8\g' u/La

gandharva-vidya

(n.) prattle, tittle-tattle gapphad

(n.) music, the science of music gandharva-vivaha

prattler, braggart, tattler garaunu (v.t.) to cause to do garbha

(n.) a kind of marriage by mutual agreement, love marriage gandhi

uGwL

a perfumer, one who sells essences or scented oils, scented, perfumed, having a sweet smell gandhik

(n.) womb, foetus, embryo garerai chadnu

ulGws u8fnf] uu6f] ufhf

(n.) the scent of perfumery merchant gandyaulo (n.) earthworm gangato (n.) crab ganja (n.) marijuana ganjagol garibi garib

(v.t.) to perform at all cost

(n./adj.) poor, penniless, humble, needy

u/LaL
(n.) poverty, penury, humility

garjan-tarjan

uh{gth{g uh{g' udL{

(n.) threat, intimidation

uGhuf]n uGhL

garjanu

(n.) confusion, topsy-turvey, chaos ganji garmi

(v.i.) to thunder, to roar, to bluster

(n.) sweater, vest, jacket, undershirt

(n.) heat, warmth

02.10.2002

50

garna chodnu

ug{ 5f]8\g' ug{ lbg'

gatividhi

ultljlw

(v.t.) to stop to do something garna dinu

(n.) activity, movements, frequentation, state of things, position of progress gatta

(v.t.) ro allow to do something, to cause to do something garna thalnu

uQ
(adj.) hopeless, having nothing

ug{ yfNg' ug'{

gattam

uQd uTj/ ufp

(v.t.) to start to do something garnu (v.t.) to do garo (n.) wall gate

(adj.) hopeless, having nothing gatvar

(adj.) transitory, perishable, mortal

uf/f] ut]
(n.) date [according to the Nepali calendar]

gaun (n.) village gaun

uf}0f
(adj.) secondary, subordinate, indirect, inferior, expressing associate quality

gatha

ufyf
(n.) story, tale, verse, song, lay gaun vikas samiti

ufp ljsf; ;ldlt ufp3/ ufplgjf;L uf}+ynL ufoa u]?

gathakar

ufyfsf/ u7g

(n.) Village Development Committee, VDC gaunghar

(n.) author of a narrative tale gathan

(n.) neighbour, villager gaunnivasi (n.) villager

(n.) formation, construction; act of building,modelling or shaping gathaso

uyf;f]
gaunthali (n.) swallow

(n.) long tale of oneself, nonsense gati

ult
(n.) speed, motion, movement, condition, circumstance, position gayab (adj.) missing, vanished, dissappeared geru

gatihara

ultxf/f ultdfg ultzLn

(adj.) lazy, sedentary, idle, stagnant gatiman ghadi

(adj.) ochre, red-brown

38L
(n.) clock, watch

(n.) speed, movement, full motion gatishil

ghailo

3}nf]

(n.) speed, movement, full motion

(n.) a large water-vessel, a huge pitcher

02.10.2002

51

ghaite (adj.) hurt gham

3fOt] 3fd

ghatnu

36\g' 3 3f6'

(v.i.) to decrease, to lesson, to decline ghatta

(n.) sunshine, heat of the sun ghan

(n.) corn mill, water mill ghatu

3g
(n.) large hammer, cloud, solidity

(n.) a Gurung dance ghau

ghana

3gf 306 3063/ 3f6L 3/

3fp
(n.) wound, sore, hurt, injury, ulcer

(adj.) thik, dense, solid, grumous ghanta (n.) clock, watch ghantaghar (n.) clocktower ghanti ghiu

l3p
(n.) melted butter

ghoda

3f]8f 3f]/n 3F]if0ff

(n.) horse, pony, hammer of a gun ghoral

(n.) throat, mountain pass, vale ghar (n.) house ghar hernu

(n.) Himalayan wild goat ghosana

(n.) declaration, proclamation, announcement

3/ x]g'{
ghosanapatra (n.) manifesto

to run the household, to do the housework gharelu udyog

3F]if0ffkq 3f]lift 3'Dg'

3/]n' pBf]u
ghosit

(n.) cottage industry ghatak

(adj.) declared, proclaimed

36s
ghumnu

(n.) factor, component, constitutent, ingredient ghatana

(v.i.) to move about, to roam, to turn round, to go around ghunda (n.) knee

36gf 36fpg'
ghus

(n.) incident, event, accident, episode ghataunu

3'8f 3";

(v.t.) to cause to decrease, to subtract ghati

(n.) bribe, emolument, graft

3f6L
(n.) throat, mountain pass, vale ghyampo

ofDkf] lu4

(n.) a large clay jar, a store-jar ghati

36L
(adj.) less, few, little giddha (n.) vulture

02.10.2002

52

gija (n.) gum gilo

luhf uLnf]
(adj.) soft, overripe, overcooked

golidvara mrityudanda

uf]nLf/f d[To'b08 uf]dg ;k{ uf]kfnk|;fb l/dfn

(n.) death penalty by shooting goman sarp (n.) cobra girnu

lug'{
(v.i.) to fall, to drop, to come down, to be degraded gopalprasad rimal

glas (n.) glass

Unf; uf]a/
(n.) cowdung [used as plaster on the floor of the house] goro

(n.) Gopal Prasad Rimal [ a famous Nepali poet] gopya

uf]Ko uf]/f]

gobar

(adj.) confidential, secret, private

godam

uf]bfd
goru

(adj.) fair-complexioned, white [skin]

(n.) godown, storehouse, granery godamel

uf]?
(n.) ox [castrated]

uf]8d]n
gosthi

(n.) weeding, removal of weeds godavari

uf]i7L uf]7

(n.) symposium, small assembly, discourse

uf]bfj/L
goth (n.) cowshed, byre graha

(n.) Godavari [a village in Kathmandu valley] godnu

uf]b\g' uf]8\g' uf]xL

u|x
(n.) planet, evil star, eclipse

(v.t.) to beat severely godnu

grahan

u|x0f

(v.t.) to weed, to remove weeds gohi (n.) crocodile golbhinda (n.) tomato goli

(n.) acceptance, reception, act of receiving or holding gram (n.) village

u|fd u|]gfO6 u[x

(n.) house, abode, residence, dwelling

uf]lNe+8f
grenait (n.) granite

uf]nL
(n.) a small ball, bullet griha

goli gantho (n.) ankle bone

uf]nL uf7f]
gulaphi

u'nfkmL

(adj.) pink, rose-coloured

02.10.2002

53

guliyo

u'lnof] u'd/fx

gyani

1fgL
(n./adj.) learned, intelligent, informed, erudite

(adj.) sweet, sugary gumaraha

(adj.) misled, astray gumaunu

gyapan (n.) memorandum

1fkg xAaf xAa] xRsg'

u'dfpg'
habba

(v.t.) to lose, to forfeit gun

(n.) might, power, capacity, strength

u'0f
(n.) quality, virtue, merit, attainment habbe

(n.) might, power, capacity, strength gunabodhak

u'0faf]ws
hackanu

(adj.) qualitative [gram.] gundri

u'Gb|L
had

(v.i.) to get frightened, to hesitate, to be scared

(n.) mat made of rice, wheat or corn-straw gundruk

xf8
(n.) bone

u'Gb|'s u'Kt

(n.) fermented and dried vegetables gupta

hade badam (n.) almond hadpa

xf8] abfd x8\k

(adj.) obscure, hidden, secret, private guptacar (n.) spy, emissary gupti (n.) spy, detective guru

u'Ktr/ u'KtL u'?

(n.) confiscation, taking one's property illegally, misappropriation hadtal (n.) strike, picket haisiyat

x8tfn x}l;ot xhf/

(n.) ability, status, merit, capacity hajar

(n.) spiritual teacher, master, guide gurung

u'? u'?jf/ u"7L

(num.) one thousand, 1,000 hajurama

(n.) Tamu, Gurung [a Nepali nationality]

xh'/cfdf xh'/af xh'/a'jf

guruvar (n.) Thursday

(n.) grandmother hajurba

guthi

(n.) grandfather [rural] hajurbuva (n.) grandfather

(n.) a religious or benevolent society, trust, pledge gyan

1fg
(n.) knowledge, intelligence, understanding, wisdom

02.10.2002

54

hajurmuma

xh'/d'df xs

hanknu

xfSg' xfGg' xf;

(n.) grandmother [upper class] hak

(v.t.) to drive, to challenge, to exaggerate hannu

(n.) right, authority, claim hal

(v.t.) to strike, to shoot, to jump hans

xfn
(n./adj.) present time, present condition, description

(n.) duck, goose, swan hansa

halkhabar

xfnva/ xNnf

x+; x+;fpg' x;]pnL xl;nf]

(n.) soul, vital air, life; duck, swan, goose hansaunu

(n.) news current affair halla

(v.t.) to cause to laugh hanseuli

(n.) noise, turmoil, uproar, tumult halnu

xfNg'
(v.t.) to put, to serve

(n.) laughter, joke, jest, fun, spott hansilo

haluka

xn'sf xn'sf] xn'f]

(adj.) light (in weight) haluko (adj.) light [weight]

(adj.) humerous, cheerful, frolicsome, jolly, jovial, gay, merry hans-kukhura palan (n.) poultry farming

xf;s'v'/f kfng xf;f] x:;L x/

halungo (adj.) light [weight] haluva

hanso (n.) laughter, laugh

xn'jf
hanssi (n.) laughter, joke, fun hara

(n.) flour boiled in water and mixed with butter and sugar haluvabed

xn'jfa]b xdnf xfd|f] xfuf] xflgg'

(n.) a kind of sweet fruit hamala

(adj.) every, everyone haraunu

x/fpg' x/fof] x/avt x/bd

(n.) attack, invasion, assault hamro (pron.) our (m.) hango

(v.i.) to lose, to defeat harayo it has got lost harbakhat (adv.) always, ever hardam (adv.) always, ever
55

(n.) branch, offspring haninu

(v.i.) to run very fast, to fly very fast

02.10.2002

hariya makai

xl/of ds} xl/of] xtf{stf{ xfl;n

hatti (n.) elephant hatya

xfQL xTof
(n.) murder, killing, slaughter

(n.) corn on the cob hariyo (adj.) green hartakarta hava

xjf
(n.) air, wind, breeze

(n.) one who is all in all, the Almighty hasil hava

xfjf
(n.) air, wind, breeze

(adj.) obtained, acquired hastagat

x:tut x:tsnf x:tfIf/ x:tIf]k xft

havai

xjfO{
(adj.) airy, relating to air

(adj.) received, obtained hastakala

havai jahaj (n.) airplane havai marg (n.) air route havai-dank

xjfO{ hxfh xjfO{ dfu{ xjfO{8fs xfjfhxfh xjg

(n.) handicraft, hand-work hastakshar

(n.) signature, one's own handwriting hastakshep

(n.) interference, interruption hat (n.) hand hat aunu

(n.) air letter, aerograph havajahaj

(n.) aeroplane, airplane

xft cfpg' xft xfNg' xltof/ xTs]nf] x6\g'

havan (n.) fire sacrifice havapani

(comp.) to fall into someone's hands hat halnu to lend a hand hatiyar (n.) weapon hatkelo (n.) palm hatnu havas

xfjfkfgL xj;\

(n.) climate, weather

o.k. [a word to indicate obedience] hemanta

x]dGt

(n.) late autumn, beginning of the cold season hernu

(v.i.) to retreat, to go away, to get out of the way hatteri

x]g'{
(v.t.) to see, to look at, to watch

xQ]/L

herpher

x]/km]/

(adv.) word used for expressing surprise or sorrow

02.10.2002

(n.) change, exchange, alteration, transfer

56

hijo (adv.) yesterday hijo rati (adv.) last night hijoaja (adv.) nowadays himalaya pradesh

lxhf] lxhf] /ftL lxhf]cfh lxdfno k|b]z lxd/]vf lxd;|f]t ePsf] gbL lxdd?e"ld xLg
(adj.) low, vile, inferior, degraded, base, humble

hodabaji

xf]8afhL xf]z

(n.) contest, gambling, betting hosh

(n.) sense, sensibility, intelligence hosh garnu (v.t.) to be cautious hoshiyar

xf]z ug'{ xf]lzof/ xf]lzof/L xf]6]n

(n.) Himalayan region himarekha (n.) snowline himasrot bhaeko nadi (n.) meltwater river hotel

(adj.) cautious, careful hoshiyari

(n.) cautiousness, carefulness, prudence

(n.) hotel hridaya

x[bo x'Ssf x'nfs c x'l b

him-marubhumi (n.) tundra

(n.) heart, mind, will hukka

hina

(n.) water pipe, Hookka hulak adda (n.) post office hundi

hindi (n.) Hindi hindnu

lxGbL lx+8\g'
huri

(postp.) during

(v.i.) to walk, to go, to move, to start, to set off hira (n.) diamond hit (n.) gain, benefit hiun (n.) snow hoco (adj.) short, low

x'/L
(n.) strong wind, storm

xL/f lxt lxp xf]rf]

huri calnu to be stormy hyolmo

x'/L rNg' xf]ndf] OR5f

(n.) Hyolmo [a Nepalese nationality] iccha (n.) wish, desire icchit

OlR5t
(adj.) desired, wished for

02.10.2002

57

icchuk (adj.) interested ijjat (n.) honour, status ikh

OR5's OHht O{v

irada

O/fbf
(n.) wish, desire, will, plan, intention

irsya (n.) jealousy, envy irsyalu

O{iof{ O{iof{n' Ozf/f O{Zj/

(n.) God, the Lord

(n.) jealousy, envy, vengeance ikh phernu

(adj.) jealous, envious ishara

O{v km]g{' Onfsf

(v.t.) to take revenge ilaka ishvar

(n.) gesture, sign, indication, wink

(n.) jurisdiction, possession, limit, area under control ilam

Onfd
(n.) Ilam (a district in Eastern Nepal)

iskus

O:s';
(n.) a kind of vegetable

ilame

Onfd]
(n.) inhabitant of Ilam

ispat (n.) steel ista

O:kft Oi6
(adj.) wished, desired

iman

O{dfg
(n.) truth, belief, faith, honesty

imandar

O{dfgbf/ Odfgbf/ O{dfgbf/L OG8f]g]l;of OlGb|o OGSnfa O+{6

itar (adj.) other itihas (n.) history itihasik (adj.) historical itihaskar (n.) historian itrinu

Ot/ Oltxf; Oltxfl;s Oltxf;sf/ Olqg'

(v.i.) to be mischievous, to talk mischievously about sex

(adj.) honest, trustworthy, faithful imandar

(adj.) honest, faithful imandari

(n.) honesty, faithfulness, integrity indonesia (n.) Indonesien indriya

(n.) sense, sense organ inklab (n.) revolution int (n.) brick ityadi

OTofbL
(conj.) etcetera, etc.

iyarphon

Oo/kmf{g

(n.) earphone, hearing-aid

02.10.2002

58

jado

hf8f]
(n./adj.) coolness, winter, chill, cold

jalvayu (n.) jalvayuko prabhav

hnjfo' hnjfo'sf] k|efj hnljefhs hfd

jaga

hu
(n.) foundation, ground work

(n.) climatical influence jal-vibhajak (n.) watershed jam (n.) jama

jagaran

hfu/0f jut

(n.) awakening, wakefulness jagat

(n.) universe, the world jagga

hUUff
(n.) landland, field, estate

hdf
(adv.) tol, in sum, altogether

jagir

hfuL/
(n.) employment, Job, service, monthly salary, wages

jamaunu

hdfpg' hdLg

(v.t.) to make solid, to freeze jamin (n.) land, field jamma

jagnu

hfUg'
(v.i.) to wake up, to be alert, to be angry

jahaj (n.) ship, vessel jahan (pron.) where jahan

hxfh hxf hxfg

(n.) family, members of the family

hDdf hDg' hgf

(adv.) tol, in sum, altogether jamnu (v.i.) to be frozen jana

(n.) (counting word for persons) jana-andolan

jal (n.) water jalaunu (v.t.) to set fire to jali

hn hnfpg' hfnL
(n./adj.) 1. forgerer, netting, web, film 2. imitated, forged

hgcf+bf]ng hgr]tgf hgu0fgf hg}

(n.) popular movement, people's movement janacetana (n.) janaganana (n.) census janai

jalnu

hNg'
(v.i.) to burn, to be kindled

(n.) sacred thread of a Brahman jana-jagaran

hghfu/0f

jal-shakti (n.) water power

02.10.2002

hnzlQm

(n.) popular awakening, renaissance

59

janajati

hghflt hghLjg hfgsf/L hgkIfLo hgk|jfb

janc (n.) exam, test jancnu

hfr hfRg' hf8

(n.) beer

(n.) ethnic group, nationality janajivan

(n.) public life, public living janakari jand

(v.t.) to test, to examine

(n.) knowledge, information janapakshiya

jangal jamaune kam

(adj.) related to the people janapravad (n.) jana-sahabhagita

h+un hdfpg] sfd h+un tof/ kfg]{ hnL hflgPsf] h~hfn

(n.) afforestation, reafforestation jangal tayar parne

(n.) afforestation, reafforestation

hg;xeflutf
jangali (adj.) savage, wild, beastly

(n.) popular participation janasamaksha (comp.) in public janasankhya (n.) population janashruti

hg;dIf
janieko (adj.) known

hg;+Vof
janjal (n.)

hg>'lt
janma

(n.) rumour, hearsay, common talk janasvasthya (n.) public health janata

hGd hGde"ld hGdb/ hGdbftf hGdg' hgdt hGdynf]

(n.) birth, life, nativity, production

hg:jf:Yo
janmabhumi (n.) birthplace

hgtf
janmadar (n.) birth rate

(n.) people, public, mass, mankind janatantravad (n.) democracy janatantrik

hgtGqjfb
janmadata (n.) father, progenitor, producer

hgtlGqs
janmanu (v.i.) to be born

(adj.) democratic, democratical janavad (n.) janavar (n.)

hgjfb
janmat (n.) public opinion

hgfj/
janmathalo (n.) birth-place, place where born

02.10.2002

60

janmaunu (v.t.) to give birth to janmeko (adj.) born jannu

hGdfpg' hGd]sf] hfGg'

jasto

h:tf]
(conj.) as for example, i.e., like

jasto dekhincha

h:tf] b]lvG5 h:tf] ;'lgG5 hft

(comp.) it looks like jasto sunincha

(v.t.) to know, to understand jantantra

(comp.) it sounds like jat

hgtGq hftf]

(n.) people's democracy janto jati

(n.) class, caste, kind, sort

hlt
(adv.) that much, about

(n.) handmill for grinding corn etc. janu (v.i.) to go japan (n.) Japan japnu

hfg' hfkfg hKg'

(v.t.) to mutter prayers, to repeat mantra or prayer, to tell beads

jativacak nam (n.) generic term jatiya

hfltjfrs gfd hftLo

(adj.) national, pertaining to the nation jatpat (n.) caste system jau (n.) barley javab (n.) answer javan

hftkft hf} hjfa hjfg

(n.) young man, youth

jarayo (n.) a kind of deer jari (adj.) jarimana

h/fof] hf/L h/Ldfgf h/Ljfgf h?/L

(n.) fine, punishment, money penalty javaph (n.) answer javaphdehi

hjfkm hjfkmb]xL ho

jarivana

(n.) fine, punishment, money penalty jaruri

(n.) responsibility, accountability, obligation jaya (n.) jayaprakash malla (n.)

(adj.) urgent, immediate jasta (n.) tin jastai

h:tf h:t}
(conj.) as for example, i.e., like

hok|sfz dNn

02.10.2002

61

jehendar (adj.) jel (n.) jail, prison jeth

h]x]Gbf/ h]n h]7

jhangad

fu8 f6\g' g'{ :sg'

(n.) Jhangad [a Nepalese nationality] jhantnu

(v.t.) to thresh (paddy), to rebuke jharnu

(n.) second month of the Nepali year [MayJune] jethaju

(v.i.) to fall, to descend, to go down jhaskanu

h]7fh' h]7fg h]7fgL lbbL h]7L ;f;' h]7f]

(n.) husband's elder brother jethan

(v.i.) to be startled, to get frightened all of a sudden, to feel sudden alarm jhiknu

lSg' l+u] df5f k+uf] f]n

(n.) elder brother' wife jethani didi

(v.t.) to take out, to take off jhinge macha (n.) shrimp jhingo (n.) fly, housefly jhol (n.) broth, soup jhuknu

(n.) husband's elder brother's wife jethi sasu

(n.) wife's elder sister jetho

(n.) eldest [of brothers] jhagada

u8f Nsg' ndn D6g' g

'Sg' '08f "7f] "6f]

(n.) quarrel, dispute, squabble jhalkanu

(v.i.) to bow down, to stoop jhunda (n.) jhutho (adj.) untrue, false jhuto (adj.) untrue, false jhyal (n.) window

(v.i.) to mshine, to glitter, to glisten jhalmal

(adj.) bright, resplendent, brilliant jhamtanu

(v.t.) to spring upon, to assault jhan (adv.) more jhan jhan more and more jhanda (n.) flag, banner

ofn ofnvfgf lha|f]

(n.) tongue

g g 08f

jhyalkhana (n.) jail, prison jibro

02.10.2002

62

jilla (n.) district jilla pramukh adhikari

lhNnf lhNnf k|d'v clwsf/L lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt

jivani

hLjgL
(n.) life-story, biography

jivanshaili (n.) jivjantu

hLjgz}nL hLjhGt' hf]ag

(n.) Chief District Officer, CDO jilla vikas samiti (n.) animal, living being joban

(n.) District Development Committee, DDC jimma

lhDdf
jod

(n.) youth, puberty, flower of youth

(n.) responsibility, care, custody jimmevari (n.) responsibility jindagi (n.) life jira (n.) cumin jirel

hf]8
(n.)

lhDd]jf/L
jodi

hf]8L
(n.) couple

lhGbuL
jodnu

hf]8\g'
(v.t.) to add, to join

hL/f
joi

hf]O{
(n.) wife [rural]

lh/]n
(n.) Jirel [a Nepalese nationality]

jokhnu (v.t.) to weigh jotnu

hf]Vg' hf]Tg'

jit

hLt
(n.) victory, triumph, success

jitnu to win jiu

lhTg'
juhar

(v.t.) to plow, to harness

h'xf/
(n.) jewel, jewellery, gem

hLp
(n.) body, person, frame juka

h'sf
(n.) leeches, tapeworms

jiundo (adj.) jiunu (v.i.) to live jivajantu (n.) jivan

lhpbf] lhpg'
julus

juktanu (v.i.)

h'Qmg' h'n';

hLjhGt'
jumra

(n.) procession, marching

h'd|f
(n.) lice

hLjg
(n.) life, existence, animation

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63

jun (n.) jun

h"g h'g
(pron.) which, whichever

juva khelnu to gamble jvain

h'jf v]Ng' HjfO

(n.) daughter's husband, son-in-law jyada

junaph (n.) presence junar (n.) orange junelo (n.) large millet junga (n.) moustache junkiri (n.) firefly junsukai

h'gfkm h'gf/ h'g]nf] h'uf

Hofbf
(adj.) too much, in excess, excessive

jyadai (adj.) extremely jyestha

Hjfb} Ho]i7

(n.) second month of the Nepali year (MayJune) jyotirvidya

Hof]ltlj{B Hof]ltif

(n.) astronomy, astrology

h"gsL/L
jyotis

(n.) astronomy, astrology

h'g;'s}
jyotisi

(pron.) whichever, whatsoever juramuraunu (v.i.) jut (adj.) group, party jutaunu

Hof]ltifL
(n.) astrologer, astronomer

h'/d'/fpg'
kabja

sAhf
(n.) possession, occupation

h'6
kacauro (n.) cup

srf}/f] s5'jf slr+un s8f

h'6fpg'
kachuva (n.) turtle, tortoise

(v.t.) to collect, to gather juthyaunu

h'7fpg'
kacinggal (n.) quarrel

(v.t.) to get dirty, so soil jutnu (v.i.) jutta

j'6\g'
kada

(adj.) hard, harsh, cruel, unkind

h'Qf
(n.) shoe, slipper, boot kadam (n.) step, footstep

sbd sb/

juva (n.) game, gamble

h'jf
kadar

(n.) respect, value, appreciation

02.10.2002

64

kag (n.) crow, raven kagati (n.) lime kahalaunu

sfu sfutL sxnfpg' sxf sxf klg sxfgL slxn] slxn] sxL+ sxL+
(adv.) wherever

kailo

s}nf]
(adj.) light-brown [hair]

kainyo (n.) comb kaiphat

sfOof] s}kmt s}lkmot s}of}+ s}o" sfh

(v.i.) to be called, to be famous kahan (pron.) kahan pani (adv.) kahani (n.) kahile kaj

(n.) statement, remark, description kaiphiyat

(n.) statement, remark, description kaiyaun (adj.) kaiyun (adj.)

(pron.) when? at what time? kahile kahin kaju

(n.) work, duty, job, occupation

sfh"
(n.) cashew nut

(adv.) sometimes, from time to time kahin kaka

sfsf
(n.) father's brother

kahin kahin

sxL+ sxL+ sflx+nf] s}b

kakh (n.) kakhi (n.) arm-pit kaki

sfv sfvL sfsL

(n.) father's brother's wife

(adv.) at some places, in many a place kahinlo

(n.) fourth eldest [of brothers] kaid

(n.) imprisonment, jail kaid garnu (v.t.) to arrest kaidi

s}b ug'{ s}bL

kakrinu

slqmg' sqmfpg' sfn

(v.i.) to become stiff by cold, to be numbed kakryaunu

(n.) prisoner, captive, convict kaidkhana (n.)

(v.t.) to make numbed kal

s}bvfgf

(n.) time, period, era, age, season, death

02.10.2002

65

kala

snf
(n.) art, craft, technics

kalpanashakti

sNkgfzlQm sNof0f sNof0fsf/L

(n.) powers of imagination kalyan (n.) welfare, good kalyanakari

kalaha

snx snfsf/ snfsf}zn

(n.) quarrel, scramble, dispute, fray kalakar

(n.) artist, technician kalakaushal (n.) kale

(adj.) propitious, auspicious, beneficial, good kam

sfd
(n.) work, duty, job, occupation

sfn]
(n.) a dark skinned human being kam

sd
(adj.) little, less, small

kaleji (adj.) dark-red kalejo (n.) liver kaligad (n.) artisan kalij (n.) pheasant kalilo

sn]hL
kam garnu (v.t.) to work

sfd ug'{ sdfO sdfpg' sfdbf/ sd]h sd]/f] sldnf] sdhf]/L sfdsfh sDdn

sn]hf]
kamai

(n.) income, returns, mode of earning

sflnu8
kamaunu

(v.t.) to earn, to acquire wealth, to cultivate

sflnh
kamdar (n.)

slnnf]
(adj.) ender, soft, delicate, young kamej (n.) shirt

kalo (adj.) black kalo dal (n.) black lentils kalo mas (n.) black lentils kalpa (n.) era kalpana

sfnf]
kamero

(n.) white clay used in painting walls

sfnf] bfn
kamilo (n.) ant

sfnf] df;
kamjori (n.)

sNk
kamkaj

(n.) business, occupation, work

sNkgf
kammal (n.) blanket

(n.) imagination, fiction, supposition, assumption

02.10.2002

66

kammar (n.) waist kamnu

sDd/ sfdg' sDtf sDtL

kankro (n.) cucumber kano (adj.) kanparo (n.) temple kanso (n.) bronze kanta (n.) fork

sfqmf] sfgf] sGkf/f] sf;f] sf6f sflGtk'/ sfg"g sfg"g adf]lht sk8f skfn

(v.i.) to tremble, to shiver kamta

(adj.) less, insufficient, short kamti

(adj.) less, insufficient, short kan (n.) ear kancat (n.) temple

sfg sGr6 sfG5L sfG5f]

kantipur kanun

kanchi

(n.) law, regulation kanun bamojit

(n.) last born female child, nice young girl kancho

(n.) youngest [of brothers] kanco

kapada

sfrf]
kapal

(n.) cloth, clothing, apparel, wear

(adj.) raw, unripe, immature kand

sf08
(n.) chapter, branch, incident

(n.) hair of the head, head kapal kornu

skfn sf]g'{ skfn g'xfpg' sfkmn skmL

kandha shoulder kandhinu

sfw sflwg' sf8f]

kaphi

(v.t.) to comb the hair kapal nuhaunu (v.t.) rinse hair kaphal

(v.i.) to be fatt [with eating] kando (n.) thorn kanggal

(n.) a fruit like strawberry but with a hard pit

sfn sfGsf nf]tL

kar

(n.) coffee kapnu

(adj.) poor, penniless, penurious kanka loti (n.) ear lobes

sKg' sf/

(v.t.) to carve, to chisel

(n.) car

02.10.2002

67

kar (n.) tax kara (n.) karadanda

s/ sf/f sf/fb08 sf/fuf/ sf/fu[x s/fO{

(n.) cooking pot [with a wide mouth]

karma (n.) deed, act, work karmacari

sd{ sdf{rf/L s/f]8

(n.) employee, officer karod (num.) kartavya (n.) duty, task kartik

(n.) prison sentence karagar (n.) karagriha (n.) karai

st{Jo sflt{s

(n.) seventh month of the Nepali year (October-November) karuva

s?jf sfo{

(n.) brass pot with a spout karamat (n.) miracle karan

s/fdt
karya (n.)

sf/0f
(n.) cause, motive, purpose, reason, occasion, origin karya samiti

sfo{ ;ldlt sfo{sfl/0fL sfo{qmd sfof{no sfof{Gjog sfo{kflnsf sfo{zfnf s;/L

(n.) working committee karyakarini (adj.) executive

karaunu (v.i.) to shout karavas

s/fpg' sf/fjf; s/bftf s/]nf] s/La

karyakram

(n.) prison sentence kardata

(n.) programme, schedule karyalaya (n.) karyanvayan

(n.) tributory, tax-paying, tax-payer karelo

(n.) a bitter vegetable, bitter gourd karib

(n.) execution, implementation karyapalika (n.) executive karyashala (n.) workshop

(adv.) almost, aproximately karigar (n.) artisan karkhana

sf/Lu/ sf/vfgf

kasari

(n.) workshop, factory, manufactory

(pron.) how? in what way?

02.10.2002

68

kasaundi

s;f}+8L s:n] nfUof] < s:g' si6

kati

slt
(pron.) how much? how many?

(n.) cooking pot [with a narrow mouth] kasle lagyo?

kati baje ?

slt ah] < slt aHof] < slt eof] < sltdf < sfl6g' sltko sf6\g'

(comp.) who has taken it? kasnu

(comp.) at which time? kati bajyo?

(v.t.) to tighten, to pull firmly kast

(comp.) what's the time? kati bhayo?

(n.) pain, distress, trouble, hardship kasturi (n.) muskdeer katahar (n.) jack fruit kataunu

(comp.) how much is it? katima?

s:t"/L s6x/ s6fpg'

(comp.) for how much? katinu (v.i.) to be cut katipaya (adj.) katnu

(v.t.) to cause to be cut, to cause to be beheaded katauro (n.) cup katha

s6f}/f] syf

(v.t.) to cut, to chop, to cancel kattar

s/
(adj.) diehard, orthodox

(n.) story, tale, fable, narrative katha halnu

syf xfNg' syg sl7g' sl7gfO{ slyt

kauli (n.) cauliflower kavi (n.) poet kavita (n.) poem kayam

sfpnL slj sljtf sfod sfod ug'{ s] <

(pron.) what?

(comp.) to tell a story kathan

(n.) utterance, narration, statement kathin

(adj.) difficult, hard, arduous, not easy kathinai (n.) difficulty kayam garnu kathit

(adj.) fixed, settled, firm, steady

(comp.) to fix a date ke

(adj.) said, narrated, told kathor

s7f]/

(adj.) hard, harsh, rigid, unkind, cruel

02.10.2002

69

kehi (adj.) something kehi kurako anurodh garnu

s]xL s]xL s'/fsf] cg'/f]w ug'{ s]xL s'/fsf] dtf] ldNg' s]xL s'/fdf cg'/f]w ug'{ s]xL s'/fdf dtf] ldNg' s]nfpg' s]Gb|Lt

keval

s]jn
(adv.) only, mere, all, whole

khabar (n.) message khabarkagat

va/ va/sfut vRr/ v8f v8\s'8f]

(comp.) to ask for, to request kehi kurako mato milnu (n.) newspaper khacar (n.) mule khada (adj.) khadkundu

(comp.) to agree upon, to arrange kehi kurama anurodh garnu

(comp.) to ask for, to request kehi kurama mato milnu

(comp.) to agree upon, to arrange kelaunu

(n.) a very large cooking vessel with rings on two sides to hold khadukunlo

v8's'nf]

(v.t.) to sift, to remove impurities kendrit (adj.) kera (n.) banana kerau (n.) pea kesari

(n.) a very large cooking vessel with rings on two sides to hold khadyanna (n.) food grains

vfBfGg vfut v}/f] vfhf

s]/f
khagat (n.) paper

s]/fp
khairo (adj.) brown

s];/L
khaja (n.) snack

(adj.) saffron-coloured kesh (n.) hair of the head ketaketima

s]z
khajasaja (n.) snack

vfhf;fhf vh'/ vfnf

s]6fs]6Ldf
khajur (n.) date

(comp.) in childhood keti (n.) girl keto (n.) boy

s]6L
khala (n.)

s]6f]
khaldo

vfN8f]

(n.) valley, ditch, trench, pit, hole

02.10.2002 70

khali

vfnL
(adj.) only, mere, merely, alone

khanyaunu (v.t.) to pour out khapat

vGofpg' vkt vKk/ v/fa v/a v/fgL v/fp v/fpg' v/fof] vr{

khamba (n.) khanaunu

vDaf vgfpg' vfrL vfrf] v08

(n.) consumption, sale, demand khappar (n.) skull kharab

(v.t.) to cause to be dug khanci (n.) khanco (n.) khand

(adj.) bad, wicked, spoiled, naughty kharab

(num.) 100 billion, 1.00.00.00.00.000 kharani

(n.) part, section, chapter, division, piece, canto khandan

ashes, ash-coloured kharau

v08g vl08t vfg] s'/f vflg

(n.) wooden sandal, wooden slipper kharaunu

(n.) refutation, rebuttal, repudiation, denial khandit (adj.) kharayo (n.) hare kharca khanekura (n.) food khani (n.) mine khanij (n.) khanij padartha (n.) mineral product khaninu

(v.t.) to fry hard to overparch

(n.) expense, expenditure, disbursement, oulay kharidnu (v.t.)

vlgh vlgh kbfy{ vlgg' vGg' vfg'

vl/8\g' vfl/h

kharij (adj.) khas

vf;
(adj.) real, true, particular, proper

(v.i.) to be poured out khannu (v.t.) to dig khanu (v.t.) to eat khasi

khasaunu

v;fpg' v;L

(v.t.) to cause to fall

(n.) castrated he-goat

02.10.2002

71

khasnu (v.i.) to fall, to die khasro (adj.) khat (n.) bed stead khatam

v:g' v;|f] vf6 vtd v]b\g' v]n

khicadi (n.) khicalo (n.) khicolo

lvr8L lvrnf] lvrf]nf] vL/

(n.) meddling, quarrel, interference khir (n.) rice pudding khoi

(n.) end, finish, conclusion, death khednu (v.t.) to chase khel (n.) play, game kheladi (n.) player khelaunu khoj

vf]O
(pron.) where (is it) ?

vf]h
(n.)

v]nf8L v]nfpg' v]Ng' v]/

khoji (n.) khojkhabar

vf]hL vf]hva/ vf]Hg' vf]Ng'

(v.t.) to cause to play khelnu (v.t.) kher

(n.) trace, quest, search, enquiry khojnu (v.t.) to search kholnu

(n.) time, length of time, destruction, loss, waste kheri (postp.) during kheti (n.) kheti garnu

(v.i./v.t.) to open, to unfasten, to explain, to annotate kholo (n.) small river

v]l/ v]tL v]tL ug'{

vf]nf] vf]kf]

khopo

(n.) a small hole in the wall for keeping things khoriya

(v.t.) to till the ground, to carry out agriculture khetikamai

vf]l/of vf];f{gL vf];'jf

(n.) uncultivated land, nature reserve khorsani

v]tLsdfO v]tLkftL

(n.) agricultural income kheti-pati (n.)

02.10.2002

(n.) chilli, hot pepper khosuva

(n.) thieve, one who snatches

72

khudkila (n.) steps khukuri

v'8\lsnf v's'/L v'lDrg' v'8f

kinnu (v.t.) to buy kintu

lsGg' lsGt'
(conj.) but, only, without

(n.) a Nepalesed curved knife khumcinu (v.i.) to shrink khunda

kinvadanti

ls+jbGtL

(n.) rumour, hearsay, false report, popular talk, vague talk, tradition kira (n.) worm

(n.) a kind of sword, a kind of scimitar khushi

sL/f ls/fof sL/f]

(n.) insect, worm

v'zL
kiraya (n.) hire, rent

pleasure, delight, cheerfulness, glad, happy khusi (adj.) khutrukka

v';L
kiro

v'qSs '
kirtiman

(n.) the sound produced by little articles when dropped khutto (n.) leg khuvaunu (v.t.) to feed ki (conj.) kilakile (n.) uvula kimbu (n.) mulberry kina (pron.) why? kinabhane (conj.) because kinamel garnu

sLlt{dfg ls;d ls;fg

(adj.) renowned, famous, celebrated kisam (n.)

v'f] v'jfpg' ls lsnlsn] lsDa' lsg lsgeg] lsgd]n ug'{

kisan (n.) farmer, peasant kisim

lsl;d
(n.) kind, sort, class, species

kismis (n.) raisins kisti (n.) tray kitli (n.) kettle kitnu

ls;ld; ls:tL lsTnL ls6\g'

(v.t.) to grind teeth, to gnash, to decide, to fix, to specify, to resolve kodali

(v.t.) to go shopping, to buy

sf]bfnL

(n.) spade (with short handle)

02.10.2002 73

kodalo

sf]bfnf] sf]bf]

kotparva (n.) kotparva pashcat kotyaunu

sf]tkj{ sf]tkj{ kZrft sf]6fpg' qmd

(n.) spade (with long handle) kodo (n.) a kind of millet kohi

sf]xL
(adj.) anybody, anyone, someone kram

(v.t.) to prick, to scratch

koila (n.) coal

sf]Onf sf]OnL
(n.) cuckoo

(n.) series, chain, order, method kramashah

qmdzM

koili

(adj.) step by step, by degree, serially, successively krambodhak (n.) ordinal number

kop (n.) anger, wrath kop-bhajan (n.) kopila (n.) koriya (n.) Korea kornu (v.t.) to scratch kos

sf]k sf]kefhg sf]lknf sf]l/of sf]g'{

qmdaf]ws qmdhf]/ qmflGt

kramjor (adj.) kranti

(n.) revolution, pace, movement, declination, invading, surpassing krishna paksha

s[i0f kIf

(comp.) dark fortnight, the phase of the waning moon krisi

s[lif
(n.) agriculture

sf];
(n.) a measure of length (distance of about 2 miles)

krisi utpadan

s[lif pTkfbg s[t1 lqmofsnfk lqmofkb lqmofof]uL

(n.) agricultural production koshish

sf]lzz sf]lzz ug'{ sf]6

(n.) endeavour, attempt, exertion, effort koshish garnu (v.t.) to try kot (n.) coat kotha (n.) room

kritagya (adj.) kriyakalap

(n.) functions, rites, ceremonies kriyapad (n.) verb

sf]7f

kriyayogi (n.) adverb

02.10.2002

74

kshamata

Ifdtf If]q If]qkmn s'rqm s'rf]

kul (n.) seashore kul (n.) kumari

s"n s'n s'df/L s'g

(adj.) which, what

(n.) ability, capacity, might, power kshetra

(n.) file, plot of land, area kshetraphal

(n.) products of the land, field crops, area kucakra (n.) kuco (n.) broom kucyaunu (v.t.) to crush kudnu (v.i.) to run kuhino (n.) elbow kuhuno (n.) elbow kuhunu (v.i.) to rot kukhurako bhale (n.) cock, rooster kukhurako pothi (n.) hen kukhuri (n.) hen kukhuro (n.) chicken kukur (n.) dog kun

(n.) princess, unmarried women

kuncahin (adj.) which one?

s'grflx+ s'08

s'Rofpg' s'b\g' s'lxgf] s'x'gf] s'x'g' s'v'/fsf] efn] s'v'/fsf] kf]yL s'v'/L s'v'/f] s's'/

kund (n.) kundnu

s'b\g' s'lGg

(v.t.) to hew, to carve kunni

(adv.) I don't know, perhaps, maybe kuposan (n.) malnutrition kura

s'kf]if0f s'/f

(n.) word, matter, affair, talk kurakani

s'/fsfgL s'/fpgL s'g'{

(n.) conversation, talk, chat kurauni

(n.) milk boiled down till nearly solid kurnu

(v.t.) to wait,to attend kursi (n.) chair kushal (n./adj.)

s';L{ s'zn

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75

kushasan (n.) kusti (n.) wrestling kusti khelnu to wrestle kutapita (n.) kutnaitik kshetra (n.) strategical area kutnu (v.t.) to beat, to hit kuva (n.) well kvartj (n.) quartz kyare I suppose labh

s'zf;g s':tL s':tL v]Ng'

lagani (n.) investment lagaunu

nufgL nufpg'

(v.t.) to use, to put on, to wear, to set up, to cause to work lagayat

nufot n3'syf n3'syf nfUg'

(postp.) including, together with

s'6lk6
laghukatha (n.) short story

s'6g}lts If]q
laghu-katha (n.) short story

s'6\g'
lagnu

(v.i.) to appear, to begin, to start, to join

s'jf
lagu

nfu'
(adj.) intoxicating, exciting

Sjf6\{h
lahad

nx8
(n.) entertainment, diversion of mind, amusement, joke

Sof/] nfe
(n.) value, profit, gain, earning, advantage lahar

lahad aunu to wish

nx8 cfpg' nx/

lacar

nfrf/
(adj.) unable, helpless, obliged lahari

(n.) ripple, small wave, surge, undulation

nx/fL
(n.) ripple, small wave, surge, undulation

ladain

n8fO{+ n8\g'

(n.) war, battle, fighting, strife ladnu

laihernu

nfOx]g'{ n}hfg' nfh

(v.t.) to try on [clothes] laijanu

(v.i./v.t.) to fight, to struggle, to fall down lagabhaga

nueu
laj

(v.t.) to carry, to take away

(adv.) about, nearly, approximately, almost lagaeko (adj.) used

nufPsf]

(n.) shame, shyness, modesty

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76

lajja

nHhf
(n.) shame, shyness, dishonour, ignominy, scandal, disgrace

lamtann

ndtGg nfG5gf nfg'

(adj.) prostrate, stretched out lanchana

lakh

nfv
(num.) one hundred thousand, 1.00.000

(n.) stigma, blame, slander lanu

lakkhan

nSvg nIf nIdfLk|;fb b]jsf]6f

(v.t.) to take away, to remove lapakka

(adj.) one hundred thousand, 1.00.000

nkSs nK;L

laksha

(adv.) adhering, attaching, stricking lapsi

(adj.) one hundred thousand, 1.00.000 lakshmiprasad devkota

(n.) a kind of sour fruit larbarinu

(n.) Lakshmi Prasad Devkota [a famous Nepali poet] lakshya

na{l/g' nfz

(v.i.) to reel, to stagger, to sway lash

nIo nlntk'/

(n.) aim, target, goal lalitpur

(n.) carcass, dead body lasun (n.) garlic latan-patan (n.) lataramma

(n.) Lalitpur, Patan [a neighbouring town of Kathmandu] lam

n;'g n6gk6g n6/Dd nf6f]

(adj.) dumb

nfd
(n.) a long line, a queue

lamai (n.) length lamba (adj.) long lamkanu

ndfO nDaf nDsg' nfDv'] nfdf]

(adj.) long

(adj.) in bunches, in clusters lato

latti (n.) kick launu

nfQL nfpg'
(v.t.) to put on (clothes), to ware

(v.i.) to walk with long steps, to stride lamkhutte (n.) mosquito lamo lauro

nf}/f]
(n.) stick

lampasar

nDk;f/

lek

n]s
(n.) hilly region, the higher slope of a mountain

(adj.) prostrate, stretched out

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77

lekha

n]v
(n.) prose composition, writing, essay, article

ling (n.) gender [gram.] linu

ln lng'
(v.t.) to take, to acquire, to accept

lekhak (n.) author, writer lekhinu (v.i.) to be written lekhnath paudyal

n]vs n]lvg' n]vgfy kf}8fn

lipi

lnlk
(n.) script, writing, handwriting

lobh

nf]e
(n.) greed, covetousness, temptation

(n.) Lekh Nath Paudyal [a famous Nepali poet] lekhpadh

lobhi (adj.)

nf]eL nf]Ug]
(n.) husband [common]

n]vk9 n]lggjfb lnR5lj

(n.) reading and writing, study leninvad (n.) Leninism licchavi

logne

lognemanche

nf]Ug]dfG5] nf]Ug]dflg; nf]xf]6f nf]s

(n.) man, male person lognemanis

(n.) Licchavi [an early ruling dynasty of the Kathmandu valley] licchavikal (n.) Licchavi era ligalige (n.) uvula likhat (adj.) written likhit (adj.) written lila (n.) lilam (n.) auction limbu

(n.) man, male person lohota

lnR5ljsfn lnulnu] lnvt lnlvt nLnf lnnd lnDa"

(n.) a small metal water-pot lok

(n.) world, the three worlds [heaven, earth, hell], people loktantra (n.) democracy luga

nf]stGq n'uf

(n.) clothes, clothing luga dhunu (v.t.) wash clothes luga lagaunu (v.t.) put on clothes luga launu (v.t.) put on clothes

n'uf w'g' n'uf nufpg' n'uf nfpg'

(n.) Limbu [a Nepali nationality]

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luga phernu

n'uf km]g'{ n'uf km'sfNg' n'uf km'sfpg' n'Sg'

madhyam (n.) medium madhyamik yug (n.) middle ages madhyanha (n.) noon madhyarat (n.) midnight

dfWod dfWolds o'u dWofGx dWo/ft dWofjlw lgjf{rg dWo]

(v.t.) change clothes luga phukalnu

(v.t.) take off clothes luga phukaunu

(v.t.) take off clothes luknu (v.i.) to hide lvang (n.) clove lyaunu

Njf Nofpg'

madhyavadhi nirvacan

(n.) mid-term elections (v.t.) to bring, to fetch ma madhye

df
(postp.) in, at, on, among mag

(postp.) amongin the middle, at the centre, in between, within, inside

dfu
(n.) demand, claim

macan (n.) stage maccinu (v.i.) to swing macha (n.) fish macha marnu (v.t.) to fish madat dinu

drfg dlRrg' df5f

magh

magaj (n.) brain magar

duh du/ df3

(n.) Magar [a Nepali nationality]

df5f dfg'{ dbt lbg' dw];

(n.) tenth month of the Nepali year [January/February] magne (n.) beggar magnu (v.t.) to ask for maha (n.) honey mahadhiveshan

dfUg] dfUg' dx dxflwj]zg

(v.t.) to help, to assist madhes

(n.) the Tarai (the southern flat land along the Indian border) madhya-din (n.) noon madhyakalin (adj.) mediaeval

dWolbg dWosfnLg

(n.) general assembly, general meeting

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79

mahajan

dxfhg dxfslj

mahina (n.) month mahina (n.) month maida (n.) fine flour maidan (n.) an open field maiju

dxLgf dlxgf d}bf d}bfg dfOh"

(n.) moneylender, rich man, virtuous man mahakavi

(n.) great poet [a title for Bhanubhakta Acharya] mahal (n.) palace mahango (adj.) expensive mahasul

dxn dxuf] dx;"n dx;"; dxQf

(n.) mother's brother's wife mailo (adj.) dirty mailo

(n.) cess, tax, rate, custom, octroi

d}nf] dfOnf]
(n.) second eldest [of brothers]

mahasus (n./adj.) mahatta

(n.) greatness, magnitude, gravity, glory, importance mahatva

main batti (n.) candle maina

d}g aQL d}gf

dxTj

(n.) greatness, magnitude, gravity, glory, importance mahatvakanksha (n.) mahatvakankshi (adj.) ambitious mahatvapurna

dxTjsf+Iff dxTjsf+IfL dxTjk"0f{

(n.) a name applied to several different sturnoid passerine birds of India and countries further east, belonging to the genera Acridotheres and Eulabes maiyan (n.) maja

d}of dhf

(adj.) superb, royal, regal, palmy, magnanimous, generous mahila (n.) woman mahilo

(n.) happiness, enjoyment, rejoicing majako

dlxnf dflxnf] dlxdf

dhfsf] df dfL

(adj.) pleased, funny majha (n.) majhi

(n.) second eldest [of brothers] mahima (n.) exaltation

(n.) Majhi [a Nepali nationality]

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majhnu (v.t.) to clean makai (n.) corn, maize makal

dfg' ds} dsn

manai

dgfO{ dfggLo dgfl;a dgfpg' dfgj dfgjzf:q dfgaf]ws d~r

(n.) prohibition, control mananiya

(adj.) honorable, respectable, venerable manasib (adj.) manaunu (v.t.) to celebrate manav (n.) manavshastra (n.) anthropology manbodhak

(n.) a small moveable earthenware stove used for heating malai man parcha (comp.) I like malai man pardaina (comp.) I don't like malai thah chaina

dnfO{ dg k5{ dnfO{ dg kb{}g dnfO{ yfxf 5}g dn]l;of dlnnf] dfntfn dfdf dg

(comp.) I don't know malesiya (n.) Malaysia manc (n.) mancari (n.) manche (n.) man, person mandro malilo (adj.)

(adj.) honorific [grammar]

d~r/L dfG5] dfGb|f] d+un d+unjf/ dfu d+Unjf/

maltal (n.) article, goods mama

(n.) mother's brother man

(n.) large bamboo or cane mat mangal (n.) the planet Mars mangalvar

(n.) mind, thought, mental state, heart, feeling man aunu to long, to wish manadeva

dg cfpg' dfgb]j

(n.) Tuesday mangga

(n.) Manadeva [name of several kings of the Licchavi era] manahi

(n.) demand, requirement, requisition

dgfxL
manglavar (n.) Tuesday

(n.) prohibition, control

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mangoliya Mongolei mangsir

d+uf]lnof d+u;L/

maramar (n.) fight marathi (n.) Marathi marg

df/fdf/ d/f7L dfu{

(n.) eighth month of the Nepali year [November/December] mani

dfgL
(adj.) respectable, respectful

(n.) eighth month of the Nepali year [November/December] maric (n.) black pepper

manis (n.) man, person mannu

dflg; dfGg'

dl/r dsf{ dfg'{ d;nf d;f}bf d;L

(n.) ink

marka

(v.t.) to respect, to worship, to accept, to observe manoranjan

(n.) loss, harm, damage marnu

dgf]/~hg dgf]lj1fg dgf]lj1flgs dgk/fpg' dgl:ylt dGtJo dGqfno dGqL dfGotf dfkb08

(v.t.) to kill, to slaughter masala (n.) spices masauda

(n.) amusement, entertainment, recreation manovigyan (n.) psychology manovigyanik (adj.) psychological masi manparaunu

(n.) draft, rough copy

(v.t.) to like, to approve, to prefer masino (adj.) mast (adj.) mastira (n./adv.) masu (n.) meat mat

dl;gf] d:t dfl:t/ df;' dt

mansthiti (n.) mental state mantavya

(n.) view, opinion, remark, note, comment mantralaya (n.) ministery mantri (n.) minister manyata

(n.) vote, opinion, voice, dogma, belief matabhed

(n.) recognition, validity, accredition

dte]b

mapdanda

(n.) difference of opinion

(n.) touchstone, standard

02.10.2002 82

matako (adj.) earthen matganana

df6fsf] dtu0fgf dfly

mausimi (adj.) seasonal mausuph

df}l;dL df};"km

(n.) counting of votes mathi (postp.) above mathlo tala (n.) upper floor matnu (v.i.) to get drunk mato

(pron.) personal address towards the king [royal honorific pronoun] maya (n.) love

dfof dfof ug'{ d]r]

(n.) Meche [a Nepali nationality]

dfYnf] tnf
maya garnu (v.t.) to love

dfTg'
mece

dtf]
(n.) consultation, counsel, opinion meghalaya

d]3fno d]xgt d]x]n d]n

(n.) Meghalaya [a Northeast Indian state] mato (n.) earth, clay, soil matoko sarvekshan (n.) soil survey matribhakta (n.) matribhasa (n.) mother tongue matriprem (n.) mother love maulik (adj.) original mauna

df6f]
mehanat

(n.) industry, labour, hard work

df6f]sf] ;j]{If0f
mehel (n.) a fruit

dfq[eQm
mel (n.)

dfq[efiff
meva (n.) melon

d]jf ldl8of ldxL

(adj.)

dfq[kd ]|
midiya (n.) media

df}lns
mihi

df}g
mihinet

(n.) silence, taciturnity, mum mauri (n.) bee, honeybee mausam

ldlxg]t ldlxg]tL

(n.) labour, industry, work, toil

df}/L
mihineti

(adj.) industrious, hardworking, busy, active

df};d

(n.) weather, season, monsoon

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milaunu

ldnfpg'

moren (n.) moraine mosam (n.) orange motamoti (adj.)

df]/]g df];d df]6fdf]6L df]6/

(v.t.) to reconcile, to resolve, to arbitrate, to bring about an agreement, to cause to join, to mix, to adjust, to solve, to balance milnu

ldNg'
(v.i.) to agree, to fit in, to mingle to mix up, to befit

mirg (n.) deer misaunu

ldu{
motar (n.) car

ld;fpg'
motar haknu (v.t.) to drive a car

(v.t.) to mingle, to mix up together misri

df]t/ xfSg' df]6fpg' df]6f]

ld;|L
(n.) sugar candy, rockcandy motaunu (v.i.) to get fat

mit

dLt
(n.) friend (ritually concluded) moto (adj.) fat

mit lagaunu

dLt nufpg'
mrig (n.) deer

(v.t.) to make friends (ritually) mithai (n.) sweets mitho

d[u d[To' d[To'sf] b08 d'2f d'8\sL d'b|f d'b|s d'b|fIf/

ld7fO{
mrityu (n.) death

dL7f]
(adj.) delicious, tasteful, tasty mrityuko danda (n.) death penalty

miti

ldlt
(n.) date, day, limit, time mudda (n.) law-suite, case

mohani

df]xgL
mudki (n.) blow of a fist

(n.) charm, enchantment mohi (n.) buttermilk mohi parnu

df]xL
mudra

(n.) seal, coin, gesture

df]xL kfg'{
mudrak (n.) printer

(v.t.) to make buttermilk moja

df]hf
(n.) socks, stocking, hose mudrakshar (n.)

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mudralaya (n.) mudran (n.) muhan

d'b|fno d'b|0f d'xfg d'xf/ d'x't{ d'sfd d'v

mulayat (adj.) soft mulsadak (n.) main road muluk

d'nfot d"n;8s d'n's d"njf;L d"No d"Nofg d'df d'gfn d'

(n.) source of a river or an irrigation canal muhar (n.) facade muhurta (n.) mukam (n.) mukh (n.) mouth, face mukh dhunu

(n.) country, realm, kingdom mulvasi

(n.) native, original inhabitant mulya

(n.) cost, price, worth, value mulyangkan

(n.) valuation, estimation muma

(n.) mother [used by upper class only]

d'v w'g' d'Vot d'Qm d'Qm ug'{ d"n

munal

(v.t.) wash and clean the face mukhyat (adv.) mukta muni mung

(n.) a kind of bird from the mountains

(n.) a kind of Lentils, mung bean

d'lg
(postp.) below, under

(adj.) liberated, released mukta garnu (v.t.) to free mul

muntira

d'lGt/ s';nwf/] d':sfpg' d':s'/fpg' d";f]

(postp.) downwards, below, under musaldhare

(n.) root, source, origin mula (n.) radish mulak

(adj.) torrential, heavy muskaunu (v.i.) to smile

d"nf d"ns

muskuraunu (v.t.) muso (n.) mouse, rat

(postp.) based on, depending on, growing from, emanating from, originating from mulatah

d"ntM

(adv.) basically, fundamentally, primarily, essentially

02.10.2002 85

musoko dulo (n.) mousehole musuro (n.) a kind of lentils muthi (n.) fist

d";f]sf] b'nf] d';'/f] d'7L d'6'

nagarpalika

gu/kflnsf g}

(n.) municipality, municipal committee nai (part.) nain naitikta

gfO{+ g}ltstf gfO6f]

(n.) navel

mutu (n.) heart

(n.) morals, morality, ethics naito

mvain (n.) kiss

DjfO
najar

mvain khanu to kiss

DjfO vfg' dofp ug'{ g

gh/
(n.) eye, vision, sight, look, glance

najarana myaun garnu (v.t.) to mew najarana na (conj.) neither, nor najayaj nabbe (num.) najik nac (n.) dance najitnu nacnu (v.i.) to dance nak nadi (n.) river nakka pora nagar (n.) town, city nakkal nagarik (n.) gift, present

gh/fgf gh/fgf gfhfoh ghLs

(n.) gift, present, presentation

gAa] gfr gfRg' gbL gu/ gful/s gful/s zf:q

(adj.) improper

(adj.) near, close to, next to

glhTg' gfs

(v.t.) not to win

(n.) nose

gfssf kf]/f gSsn gSzf

(n.) nostrils

(n.) copy, fashion naksha

(adj.) civil, urban, metropolitan nagarik shastra (n.) pattern, map, plan, chart

(n.) civics, civic studies

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nalikhutto (n.) shin-bone nam (n.) name, noun namak

glnv'f] gfd gfds gfd:yflgs gfdbf/ gfds/0f gfdsd{ gfdgfdf;L gfdlgzfg gfdof]uL gGb gGb]efO g

nani (n.) baby napunsakling

gfgL gk'+;sln gf/f

(n.) slogan, striking word, phrase

(n.) neuter [grammar] nara

(adj.) named, bearing the name of namasthanik

naram

g/d g/fd|f] gb{g g/]Gb| g/]z gf/L

(adj.) independent from a noun namdar (adj.) namkaran

(adj.) soft, delicate, kind, gentle naramro (adj.) bad, not good nardan (n.) neck narendra (n.) king naresh (n.) king nari (n.) wrist, pulse narival (n.) coconut naso (n.) vein naspati (n.) pear nata

(n.) naming ceremony, baptism namkarma (n.) nam-namasi (n.) namnishan (adj.) namyogi (n.) postposition nanda

gl/jn g;f] g:kftL gftf

(n.) husband's younger sister nandebhai

(n.) husband's younger sister's husband nang (n.) nail nangge

(n.) relationship, alliance

gf] gff]

natadar (n.) relative nati (n.) grandson

gftfbf/ gflt

(adj.) naked, uncovered nanggo

(adj.) naked, uncovered

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natija

glthf
(n.) result, consequence

netritva

g]tTj [ g]jf/

(n.) leadership, guidance, lead nevar

natini (n.) granddaughter natishitosna

gfltgL gfltzLtf]i0f g}
(num.) nine, 9

(n.) Newar [a Nepali nationality] nibandha

lgaGw

(adj.) temperate, moderate nau

(n.) article, essay, dissertation, thesis, bond, fixation nibhnu

lgEg' lga'jf gLrf]

(v.i.) to go out, to be extinguished naun (n.) name naun caleka

gfp
nibuva (n.) lemon

gfp rn]sf
nico (adj.)

(adj.) well known, famous nauni (n.) butter navaun (adj.) ninth nayakatva

gf}gL
nidaunu

lgbfpg' lgwfg lgwf/ lgwf]

(v.i.) to go to sleep, to become numb

gjf}+
nidhan

(n./adj.) destruction, death, poor

gfosTj
nidhar (n.) forehead

(n.) leadership, hegemony nayan (adj.) new nebharo (n.) fig nepalganj

gof
nidho (n.)

g]ef/f]
nihsantan

lgM;Gtfg lgx'

(adj.) childless, without offspring

g]kfnuGh
nihun

(n.) Nepalganj [a town in the western Tarai] nera

(n.) excuse, pretence, pretext

g]/
(adj.) near, near by, close by, not far niji kshetra (n.) private sector

lghL If]q lgs}

neri

g]l/
(adj.) near, near by, close by, not far nikai (adj.) much

neta

g]tf
(n.) leader, guide, chief nikat

lgs6
(adj.) near, near by, close by, not far

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nikaya (n.) body, system niko (adj.) cured, well nilo (adj.) blue nimitta

lgsfo lgsf]

nirantar

lg/Gt/

(adj.) continuous, constant, incessant, ceaseless nirantarta

lg/Gt/tf lg/k/fw lg/y{s

(n.) continuity, continuation

gLnf]
niraparadh

(adj.) innocent, faultless, guiltless

lgldQ
nirarthak

(n./postp.) for, for the sake of, for the cause of, cause, motive, account, reason nimnalikhit

(n.) meaningless, vain, useless, fruitless, insignificant, worthless, futile nirdaya (adj.) nirdayata (n.) nirdesh

lgDglnlvt

(adj.) undermentioned, following, mentioned below nimti

lgb{o lgb{otf lgb]{z lgb]{zs lgb]{zg lgdf{0f

lglDt
(postp.) [In Verbindung mit der Possessivform des Bezugswortes]

ninda

lgGbf
(n.) reflection, condemnation, slander, calumny, vilification, censure, blame

(n.) instruction, order, indication nirdeshak

nindan (n.) vilification niptara

lgGbg lgk6f/f

(n.) director (of an institute or center) nirdeshan

(n.) instruction, order, indication nirman

(n.) disposal, settlement, reconciliation, conclusion nipun

lgk'0f
(adj.) dexterous, skilful, clever

(n.) construction, creation, manufacture, formation, framing, act of building or making nirmata (n.) nirmit

lgdf{tf lgld{t

nir (adj.) indigo nira

gL/ lg/
(adj.) near, near by, close by, not far

(adj.) nirnaya

lg0f{o

nirakaran

lg/fs/0f lg/If/
nirogi

(n.) decision, resolution, discernment, ascertainment, determination

(n.) abrogation, annulment, removal

lg/f]uL
(adj.)

nirakshar (adj.) illiterate

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nirvacan (n.) election nis (n.) gneiss nisedh bhumi (n.) forbidden land nishcal (adj.) nishcaya

lgjf{rg lg; lgif]w e"ld lgZrn lgZro

nivas

lgjf;
(n.) home, residence, abode, dwelling

nivasi

lgjf;L
(n.) inhabitant, resident, inmate, native

niyam

lgod lgoGq0f lgolt

(n.) rule, usage, regulation, practice niyantran

(n.) control, restraint niyati (n.) niyukta

(n.) sure knowledge, resolution, determination, confidence nishcit

lglZrt lglZrt ;+Vofaf]ws lgis06s

lgo'Qm lgo'lQm lgo'Q gf]s/

(adj.) appointed, wmployed, posted niyukti

(adj.) sure, unfailing, without doubt nishcit sankhyabodhak

(n.) appointment, employment niyutta (adj.) nokar (n.) servant nuhaune kotha (n.) bathroom nuhaunu

(n.) definitive numeral niskantak

(adj.) thornless, free from troubles niskanu

lg:sg' lg:tf]

(v.i.) to come out, to appear nisto (adj.) plain, bland nitamba (n.) hip niti

g'xfpg] sf]7f g'xfpg' g"g

lgtDa
nun

(v.t.) take a bath

gLlt
(n.) policy, morality, manners

(n.) salt nunilo (adj.) salty nyauri (n.) mongoose nyaya

g'lgnf] Gofp/L Gofo

niun

lgp
(n.) pretext, excuse

nivaran

lgjf/0f

(n.) prevention, preclusion, redress, deterrence, determent

(n.) justice, equity, logic, reason

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nyayadhish (n.) judge, justice nyayadhish (n.) judge, justice nyayalaya (n.) court of justice nyayapalika (n.) judiciary nyuntam

GofofwLz GofofwLz Gofofno Gofokflnsf Go"gtd cf]5fg

ohralnu

cf]x|fNg' cf]Onfpg' cf]Olng'

(v.t.) to cause to descend oilaunu

(v.i.) to wither, to fade oilinu (v.t.) to be withered oiranu (v.i.) oiraunu

cf]O/g' cf]O/fpg'

(adj.) minimum, minimal ochyan

(v.t.) to cause to drop, to cause to fall [in large quantity] oirini

(n.) bed, bedding,sleeping-mat, quilt ochyaunu

cf]Ol/g'
(v.i.) to drop, to fall [in large quantity]

cf]5\fpg'
oirinu

(v.t.) to spread bedding, to spread a rug,to spread a mat odhan

cf]Ol/g'
(v.i.) to flow continually

cf]wfg

ojhel

cf]]n
(adj.) hidden, screened off

(n.) three-legged iron stand for putting a cooking vessel over a fire odhaunu

cf]9fpg' cf]9\g] cf]9\g'

okatnu

cf]s6\g' cf]v/

(v.t.) to occupy, to reserve, to hinder okhar (n.) walnut okhati (n.) medicine orlanu

(v.t.) to cover up sombody else odhne

(n.) blanket, bedcover, bedroll

cf]vtL cf]n{g' cf]ln{g'

odhnu

(v.i./v.t.) to cover oneself up; to wrap, to cover ogatnu

cf]u6\g'
orlinu

(v.i.) to comedown, to descend

(v.t.) to occupy, to reserve, to hinder ohar dohar

cf]x/ bf]x/ cf]xf]/ bf]xf]/

(v.i.) to comedown, to descend osarinu

(n.) the act of coming and going ohor dohor

cf];fl/g' cf];fg'{

(v.i.) to be moved from one place to another osarnu

(n.) the act of coming and going

(v.t.) to move something from one place to another

02.10.2002 91

oth (n.) lip, lips pacadi (postp.) behind pacarnu (v.t.) pacas (num.) fifty, 50 pacasi

cf]7 krfl8 krfg'{ krf; krf;L klR5d kRrL; k5fl8 krxQ/ k5f}6] kl5
(postp.) behind, later, in the back

pachipachi (adv.) pacpanna (num.) fifty-five, 55 pad

kl5kl5 kRkGg kb

(n.) foot, step, foot-step, word padadhikari (n.) padartha

kbflwsf/L kbfy{ kbfy{jfrs gfd kbjL k9fO k9fpg' k9]n]v]sf k9\g' klbgf kfun

(num.) eighty-five, 85 pacchim (n.) west paccis

(n.) meaning of a word, matter padarthavacak nam (n.) objective term padavi (n.) padhai (n.) padhaunu (v.t.) to teach padhelekheka

(num.) twenty-five, 25 pachadi

(postp.) behind, later, in the back pachattar

(num.) seventy-five, 75 pachaute

(adj.) late, hinder, backward pachi

(adj.) educated, able to read and write padhnu

(v.t.) to lear, to read, to study padina (n.) mint

pachi hatnu (v.i.) pachi janu (v.i.) pachi sarnu (v.i.) pachillo

kl5 x6\g' kl5 hfg' kl5 ;g'{ kl5Nnf]

pagal (n.) a mad man pagalkhana (n.) mad-house pagalnu (v.t.)

kfunvfgf kufNg'

(adj.) last, hindermost, back, rear

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92

paglanu (v.i.) pahad (n.) mountain, hill pahadi pradesh (n.) hilly region pahasan (n.) pahenlo (adj.) yellow pahican

kUng' kxf8 kxf8L k|b]z kx;g kx]+nf] klxrfg klxnf] klx/g kfx'gf k}+;6\7L k}+tfnL; k}+tL;

pakaunu (v.t.) to cook pakeko

ksfpg' kfs]sf] ks]6

(adj.) ripe, cooked, mature paket (n.) pocket pakhala (n.) diarrhoea pakhalnu (v.t.) to rinse pakheta (n.) wing pakhura (n.) arm pakka

kvfnf kvfNg' kv]6f kfv'/f kSsf

(n.) recognition, acquaintance, identity pahilo (adj.) first pahiran (n.) pahuna (n.) visitor, guest painsatthi

(adj.) 1. certain, sure, true 2. durable, strong 3. careful, experienced pakka garnu

kSsf ug'{ kSs' kfSg' kfsf]

(v.t.) to confirm to make sure pakku

(num.) sixty-five, 65 paintalis (num.) forty-five, 45 paintis

(n.) meat fried in butter paknu

(v.i.) to be ripe, to ripen, to be cooked pako

(num.) thirty-five, 35 paitalo (n.) sole pajani

k}tfnf] khgL

(adj.) aged, experienced pakranu

kqmg'

(v.t.) to catch, to hold, to arrest, to capture, to seize, to catch on, to understand pakrau

(n.) arrangement, setting in order, overhauling [the annual festival during which appointments of government officials were renewed for the ensuing year]

kqmfp

(n.) capture, arrest, seizure

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93

paksha

kIf kfNg'

pancayat (n.) panchaunu

kGrfot kG5fpg' kG klg

(n.) wing, part, party palnu

(v.t.) to take care of, to raise, to bring up, to nourish, to keep, to tame palpa

(v.t.) to evade, to push aside pandhra (num.) pani

kfNkf
(n.) Palpa [former mini-state, currently a district of Nepal]

paltan

kN6g
pani

(adv.) also, too, even

(n.) regiment, batallion palunggo (n.) spinach pan

kfgL
(n.) water, rain

kfn'f] kfg

pani ... pani (adv.) pani pareka vela

klg klg kfgL k/]sf] j]nf kfgL kg'{ klgp kGhf kl~hsf k+vf kGy kGyL kfk

(n.) the leaf of the betal nut eaten with areca nut and lime pana (n.) leaf (of a book) panati (n.) panati (n.) panc (num.) five, 5 panc patra (adj.) pancanabbe

(comp.) when it rains

kfgf
pani parnu (v.t.) to rain

kgftL
paniun

(n.) a flat spoon used for ladling out rice

kgflt
panjaa (n.)

kfr
panjika (n.)

kfr kq
pankha (n.) fan

kGrfgAa]
pantha (n.)

(num.) ninety-five, 95 pancangga (n.) pancaun (adj.) fifth

k~rf
panthi (n.)

kfrf}+
pap (n.) sin

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94

papi

kfkL
(adj.) sinful, profligate, criminal

paramparik

kf/Dkfl/s k/dlktf k/Gt'

(adj.) traditional, hereditary parampita (n.)

par (n.) para

kf/ k/
(adv.) aside, separate, beyond, further

parantu

(n./adv.) but, inspite, however, still, the remaining life, end parapacuke

paraghaun

k/f3f}+ k/fho
parar

(adv.) after two years parajaya (n.) defeat parajit

kf/kfr's] k/f/

(n.) divorce, dissolution of marriage

(adv.) two years ago

k/flht
pararastra (n.)

(adj.) defeated, vanquished, overthrown parajit

k//fi6 k//fi6 dGqfno k//fi6 dGqL k//fi6Lo k/:k/ krf{

k/flht
pararastra mantralaya (n.) foreign ministry

(adj.) defeated, overthrown parakram

k/fqmd
pararastra mantri (n.) foreign minister

(n.) power, strength, valour, prowess parakrami

k/fqmdL
pararastriya (adj.)

(adj.) heroic, gallant, valiant, brave param (adj.) paramdham (n.) paramgati (n.) parampad (n.) parampara

k/d
paraspar

(adj.) mutually, reciprocal, one another

k/dwfd
parca

(n.) leaflet, settlement record

k/dult
parda

kbf{
(n.) curtain, screen, veil, partition

k/dkb
pardabhitrai (comp.) secretly

kbf{leq} k/b]z k/b]z nfUg'

k/Dk/f
pardesh (adv.) abroad

(n.) sequence, succession, order paramparagat (adj.) tradional

k/Dk/fut
pardesh lagnu to go abroad

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95

parela (n.) eyelash pareva

k/]nf k/]jf kfl/

paripurti

kl/k"lt{ kl/ifb kl/lzi6 kl/>dL

(n.) perfection, completion parisad

(n.) pigeon, young dove pari

(n.) assembly, council, senate, committee parishist (n.) parishrami

(n.) the other side [of the shore or boundary] pari

kf/L
(n.) the other side [of the shore or boundary]

(adj.) laborious, industrious, painstaking, hardworking, diligent paristhiti (n.)

paribhasa (n.) paricalan (n.) mobilization paricaya

kl/efiff kl/rfng
parit (adj.)

kl/l:ylt kfl/t kl/Tofu kl/jf/ kl/jt{g kl/of]hgf kvf{n kv{g' klv{g' kg'{

kl/ro
parityag (n.)

(n.) acquaintance, intimacy, familiarity paricched (n.) pariksha

kl/R5]b
parivar (n.) family

k/LIff
parivartan

(n.) examination, investigation parikshan

(n.) change, exchange

k/LIf0f
pariyojana (n.) project

(n.) examination, investigation parimanbodhak

kl/df0faf]ws
parkhal (n.) wall

(adj.) quantitative [grammar] parinam

kl/0ffd
parkhanu

(n.) result, consequence parinamsvarup (conj.) parinati

(v.t.) to wait, to have patience

kl/0ffd:jk
parkhinu

(v.t.) to wait, to have patience

kl/0flt
parnu

(n.) transformation, culmination, form paripati

(v.i.) to happen, to occur, to fall, to ignite

kl/kf6L
parnu

(n.) tradition, method, mode, arrangement, order

kfg'{
(v.t.) to put in, to lay, to ignite, to cause, to make
96

02.10.2002

paro (n.) mercury parsi

kf/f] kl;{
(adv.) the day after tomorrow

pasina (n.) sweat paskanu (v.t.) to serve [food] pasnu

k;Lgf k:sg' k:g' kf6

parti (n.) party parti kendriya kamiti (n.)

kf6L{ kf6L{ s]Gb|Lo sldlt kj{

(n.) festival, holiday, fte, chapter, section, portion, canto

(v.t.) to enter, to go in, to come in pat (n.) patak

kts
(n.)

parva

patalo (adj.) thin patan

kf6nf] k6g

parvat (n.) paryanta

kj{t ko{Gt
patan

(n.)

(postp.) till, until, unto, up to paryatak

ktg
(n.) fall, downfall, degradation

ko{6s
patan

(n.) traveller, wanderer, tourist paryatakharuko svarg

kf6g
(n.) Lalitpur, Patan [a neighbouring town of Kathmandu]

ko{6ssf] :ju{ ko{6g

path

(n.) tourist paradise patani paryatan (n.) irrigation (n.) touring, tourism pasal

k6gL kf7

k;n
(n.) shop, warehouse, booth path

(n.) lesson, reading, recital

ky
(n.) path, course

pasale

k;n] klZrd
pathi

(n.) shopkeeper, merchant, vendor pathaunu pashcim (n.) west pashupalan (v.t.)

k7fpg' kf7L

kz'kfng
patho

(n.) lamb [female]

(n.) animal husbandry pashupati (n.) Pashupati

02.10.2002 97

kz'klt

kf7f]
(n.) lamb [male]

pathshala

kf7zfnf kf7zfnfof klt

paune (adj.) a quarter to paunu

kf}g] kfpg'

(n.) school, seminary pathshalaya (n.) pati (n.) husband patit

(v.t.) to get, to obtain, to receive, to bear, to beget, to produce pauranik (adj.) legendary

kf}/flgs kf}/g' kf}/L

kltt
(adj.) fallen, degraded, outcaste pauranu (v.i.) swim

patni

kTgL
(n.) wife, better half, married woman pauri (n.) swimming

patra (n.) page patrakar (n.) journalist patre cattan

kq
pauri khelnu (v.t.) swim

kf}/L v]Ng' kfp/f]6L kf}if

kqsf/
pauroti (n.) bread

kq] rfg
paus

(n.) sedimentary rock patrika

klqsf kQf

(n.) ninth month of the Nepali year (December/January) paustik (n.) nutrition pesh

(n.) magazine, journal patta

kf}li6s k]z

(n.) leaf, foliage, address patthar (n.) stone patti (n.) bandage patti (n.) side pattyaunu (v.t.) pau (n.) a quarter

kTy/ kL
pesta

(postp.) in front of, before pesha (n.) occupation

k]zf k]:tf

kl
pet

(n.) pestachio nut

k]6
(n.) stomach

k\ofpg'
peti

k]6L
(n.) belt, casket, small box, small chest, girdle

kfp

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98

phagun

kmfu'g

pharak

km/s km/flsnf] km/f/ kms{g' km;L{ km:6fpg' km6ff] km]/abn km]l/

(n.) eleventh month of the Nepali year (February/March) phaida (n.) advantage phailanu

(n.) difference, separation, being apart pharakilo

kmfO{bf km}ng' km}ng' km}lng' km};nf kmnfd kmNu'0f

(adj.) spacious, roomy, extensive pharar (n.) pharkanu

(v.i.) to spread, to be scattered phailanu

(v.i.) to return, to come back pharsi

(v.i.) to spread, to be scattered phailinu

(n.) large yellow pumpkin phastaunu

(v.i.) to spread, to be scattered phaisala (n.) phatyangro phalam (n.) iron pherabadal phalgun

(v.t.) to develop, to become fat

(n.) cricket, grasshopper

(n.) change, modification pheri

(n.) eleventh month of the Nepali year (February/March) phalnu (v.t.) to throw away phalnu

kmfNg' kmNg' kmnkm"n kmnkm"n v]tL

phila

(adv.) again, once more, once again phesan (n.) facion phijinu (v.i.) phikri garnu (v.t.) to be worried

km];g lkmlhg' lkmqmL ug'{ lkmnf

(v.i.) to bear fruits; to cleanse, to husk phalphul

(n.) fruits and flowers phalphul kheti (n.) horticulture phalsvarup

kmn:jk kmf;L kmfk/

(n.) thigh philipins (n.) Philippinen phohor

(postp.) as a result of phansi

lkmlnlkG; kmf]xf]/

(n.) execution by hanging, noose phapar (n.)

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(adj.) dirty, foul, filthy, obscene

99

phokso (n.) lungs phranseli (adj.) French phul (n.) flower phul (n.) egg phulbari (n.) flower garden phuleko kesh grey hair phulkopi (n.) cauliflower phupaju

kmf]S;f] k|mfG;]nL km"n km'n km"naf/L

pindalu (n.) a kind of root pindulo (n.) calf of the leg ping (n.) swing pir

lk+8fn' lk+8nf] ' kL kL/

(n.) worry, anxiety, distress, mental trouble, punishment pira

lk/f
(n.) floor seat [of straw or wood]

km'n]sf] s]z
piralnu (v.i./v.t.)

lk/Ng' lk/f]

km"nsf]kL
piro (adj.) hot [in taste]

km'kfh'
pirolnu (v.t.)

(n.) father's sister's husband phupu (n.) father's sister phurtilo (adj.) smart phusro (adj.) grey, grizzled phutbal khelnu

lk/f]Ng' lktf

km'k"
pita

(n.) father [Sanskritized]

km'lt{nf]
pithiun (n.) back

lkl7p kL7f]

km';|f]
pitho (n.) flour, powder

km"6an v]Ng'
pitho (n.) flour

(v.t.) to play football phyanknu (v.t.) to throw away phyauro (n.) fox pidit (adj.)

kL7f] lkQn
(n.) brass

ofSg'
pittal

ofp/f]
pohor (adv.) last year

kf]xf]/ kf]O
(n.) husband [rural]

kLl8t
poi

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poila

kf]On
(n.) running away with a man without formal marriage

pracarit

k|rfl/t

(adj.) propagated, publicised, circulated, made current, made prevalent, given currency pracin

poila janu

kf]On hfg' kf]v/L

pracinta

(comp.) run away with a man pokhari

k|frLg k|frLgtf k|fbef{j k|b]z

(adj.) ancient, old, antique, aged

(n.) pond, lake, reservoir poleko masu

(n.) antiquity, ancientness

kf]n]sf] df;'
pradarbhav (n.)

(n.) barbecued meat pothi mujur (n.) peahen potnu

kf]yL d'h'/
pradesh

kf]Tg'
(v.t.) smear with red clay, paint the floor wall, whitewash

(n.) province, region, realm, country, territory, state pradeshik (adj.) regional

kf|b]lzs k|wfgdGqL k|wfgGofofwLz k|fWofks kb"if0f k|ult k|ultzLn k|x/L k|hf

poto (n.) prabandhak

kf]tf]
pradhanmantri (n.) Prime Minister

k|aGws
pradhannyayadhish (n.) Chief Justice

(n.) manager, writer of an essay prabhat (n.) prabhav

k|eft
pradhyapak (n.)

k|efj
pradusan (n.) pollution pragati

(n.) influence, effect, power, strength, authority, dominance prabhavashali

k|efjzfnL k|rng

(adj.) powerful, strong, radiant pracalan

(n.) progress, advancement pragatishil

(n.) prevalence, custom, usage, currency, movement pracalit (adj.) pracar

(adj.) progressive, modern prahari (n.) police praja

k|rlnt k|rf/

(n.) subject, tenant, people, progeny

(n.) publicity, publication, usage, advertisement, announcement

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prajatantra (n.) democracy prajatantrik (adj.) democratic prakar (n.) kind, way, sort prakash

k|hftGq k|hftflGqs k|sf/ k|sfz k|sfzs k|sfzg k|sflzt k|sfzsLo k|Voft k|fs[lt

pramanik (adj.) pramanik (adj.) pramanit (adj.) pramanpatra

k|dfl0fs k|fdfl0fs k|dfl0ft k|df0fkq k|d'v k|0ffnL k|fGt k|fKt k|flKt

(n.) light, manifestation, publication prakashak (n.) publisher prakashan

(n.) certificate, testimonial, permit pramukh

(n.) principal, chief, head pranali

(n.) publication, publishing prakashit (adj.) published prakashkiya

(n.) method, mode, way pranta

(n.) border, end, extremity, province prapta

(adj.) related to the publisher prakhyat (adj.) prakriti (n.) nature, talent prakritik prapti

(adj.) obtained, received, acquired

(n.) receipt, procuration, acquisition, income, profit prarambha

k|f/De

k|fs[lts k|fs[lts Uof; k|fs[lts jg:klt k|lqmof k|df0f

(n.) beginning, commencement, inception, initiation, starting point prarthana

(adj.) natural, physical, material prakritik gyas (n.) natural gas prakritik vanaspati

k|fy{gf k|fy{gf ug'{ k|;

(n.) prayer, petition, request prarthana garnu

(v.t.) tp pray, to request prasanga

(n.) natural vegetation prakriya (n.) praman (n.)

(n.) relation, connection, association, discussion, narration, context prasar (n.)

k|;f/

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102

prashangsa

k|z+;f

prathamikta

k|fyldstf k|lt

(n.) praise, appreciation, applause, laudation, eulogy prashasan (n.) administration prashasta

(n.) priority, precedence prati

k|zf;g k|z:t k|Zg

(postp.) towards, near to, against, in opposition to pratibaddha

k|lta4

(adj.) abundant, sufficient, enough prashna (n.) question prashnarthak sarvanam

(adj.) restricted, banned, conditioned, committed pratibaddhata (n.) commitment

k|lta4tf k|ltalGwt k|ltef k|ltlaDa k|ltlalDat k|ltufdf k|tLs

k|Zgfy{s ;j{gfd k|ZgfjnL k|l;4 k|:tfj k|:tfjgf k|:t't k|td k'?ifjfrs k|yf

pratibandhit

(n.) interrogative pronoun prashnavali (n.) questionnaire prasiddha (adj.) prastav (n.) prastavana (n.) prastut pratik

(adj.) restricted, banned, conditioned pratibha (n.) pratibimba

(n.) reflection, image, shadow pratibimbit (adj.) reflected pratigama (adj.) retrogressive

(adj.) presented, submitted pratam purusvacak

(n.) symbol, fetish pratikar

k|ltsf/ k|tLsfTds k|ltlqmof k|tLIff k|ltlglw

(n.) first person [grammar] pratha

(n.) retaliation, revenge pratikatmak

(n.) usage, practice, custom, rule, fashion, method, system pratham

(adj.) symbolic, allegorical pratikriya

k|yd k|yd k'?if

(n.) reaction pratiksha

(adj.) first, best, primitive pratham purus (n.) expectation pratinidhi

(n.) first person [ling.] (n.) representative, substitute

02.10.2002 103

pratinidhitva

k|ltlglwTj k|ltkIf

prayah

k|foM k|of; k|oTg k|oF]u

(n.) representation, deputation, delegacy pratipaksha

(adv.) almost, nearly, often, generally prayas

(n.) opposition, rival side, hostile camp, contesting party pratipakshi

(n.) effort, attempt, endeavour prayatna

k|ltkIfL k|ltzft k|ltzf]w k|lt:k4{ k|ltj]bg k|ltof]lutf k|To]s k|jrg k|j]z

(n.) effort, attempt, endeavour prayog

(n.) opponent, rival, contestant, contralateral pratishat (n.) pratishodh (n.) pratisparddha pret (n.) pristhabhumi (n.) basis prithvi (n.) earth priya

(n.) use, application, action, effort, usage, example, performance

k|t ] k[i7e"ld k[YjL lk|o

(adj.) dear, lovely, beloved

(n.) rivalry, contest, competition prativedan

(n.) report, representation pratiyogita

(n.) rivalry, competition, hostility pratyek

pucchar (n.) tail pugnu

k'R5/ k'Ug'

(adj.) every, everyone pravacan

(n.) commentary, elucidation, explanation pravesh

(v.i.) to arrive at, to reach, to be fulfilled, to be sufficient puja garnu (v.t.)

(n.) entry, admission, access, entrance pravidhi (n.) technique pravidhigya (n.) technician pravriti (n.) trend pravritti

k"hf ug'{ k"hf sf]7f k'gu{7g k'ghL{ljt k'glg{df{0f

k|ljlw
puja kotha

(n.) prayer room, worshipping room

k|ljlw1
punargathan

(n.) reorganization, recasting

k|j[lt
punarjivit (adj.)

k|jl[ Q
punarnirman reconstruction

(n.) inclination of mind, tendency

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punarvalikan

k'g/jnLsg k'gjf{; k'lgp k'l+ n

purohit (n.) family priest purusartha (n.) purusvacak sarvanam

k'/f]lxt k'?iffy{ k'?ijfrs ;j{gfd k"jf{wf/ k"jf{u|x k"j{s k"jL{

(n.) revision, retrospect, review punarvas (n.) rehabilitation puniun

(n.) a flat spoon used for ladling out rice punling

(n.) personal pronoun (n.) male [grammar] pura (adj.) purano (adj.) old, ancient purashcaran (n.) purashcarya (n.) puratatva (n.) archaeology puri purvadhar (n.) infrastructure

k"/f
purvagraha (n.) prejudice

k'/fgf]
purvak (suff.)

k'/Zr/0f
purvi (adj.) Eastern, eastern quarter

k'/Zrof{
purviya (adj.)

k"jL{of k"jL{o k'of{pg' k';

k'/ftTj
purviya (adj.)

k'/L
(n.) bread cooked in butter puryaunu (v.t.) to exort, to lead, to fulfil a wish

purkha

k'v{f
pus

(n.) ancestor, forefather purna (adj.) purnatah (adj.) purnataya (adj.) purnima (n.)

k"0f{
pusta

(n.) ninth month of the Nepali year (December/January)

k':tf
(n.) generation, succession

k"0f{tM k"0f{tof
pusti

pustakalaya (n.) library

k':tsfno k'li6

k"l0f{df
putali

(n.) nourishment, nutrition

k'tnL
(n.) butterfly

02.10.2002

105

pval (n.) hole, opening pyaj (n.) onion pyaro (adj.) pyau (n.) mushroom racak (n.) racana

Kjfn Kofh Kof/f] Kofp /rs /rgf

rahasyamaya dhangabata (adv.) rahat (n.) comfort, relief rai

/x:odo 9af6

/fxt /fO{
(n.) Rai [a Nepali nationality]

raithane

/}yfg] /}tL

(n.) local inhabitant, aboriginee raiti

(n.) tenant, leaseholder, farmer raja

(n.) composition, production, creation, formation racanatmak (adj.) racayita (n.) racit (adj.) radhi

/fhf
(n.) king, ruler, sovereign

/rgfTds /rlotf /lrt /f9L

rajaharuma

/fhfxdf /fh:j /fhb/af/ /fhwfgL /fhb"t

(comp.) among kings rajasva

(n.) revenue, royalty rajdarbar

(n.) the king's palace rajdhani (n.) capital rajdut (n.) ambassador

(n.) coarse wollen rug ragat (n.) blood ragat aunu rahanu

/ut /ut cfpg' /xg'

rajdutavas (n.) embassy rajhans (n.) swan

/fhb"tfjf; /hxf; /fhxf; /fhL

(v.i.) to remain, to dwell, to inhabit rahar (n.) a kind of lentils rahasyamaya (adj.)

/x/
rajhans (n.) swan

/x:odo

raji (adj.)

02.10.2002

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rajikhushi

/fhLv'zL

rajprasad (n.) palace rajtantra

/fhk|;fb /fhtGq

(n.) willingness, acceptance with much pleasure rajinama

/fhLgfdf /fhsfh

(n.) agreement, compromise rajkaj

(n.) monarchy, monarchical system of government rajvanshi

/fhj+zL /fHo

(n.) government work, administration rajkaji

(n.) Rajvanshi [a Nepali nationality] rajya

/fhsfhL

(adj.) relating to government, relating to administration rajkanya (n.) rajkumar (n.) prince rajkumari (n.) rajnaitik (adj.) political rajnaitik gatividhi political movement rajniti

(n.) kingdom, state, territory rajyadhikar

/fhsGof /fhs'df/ /fhs'df/L /fhg}lts /fhg}lts ultljlw /fhgLlt

/fHolwsf/ /fHojtL /fhsfo{ /fVg' /Iff /S;L

(n.) power of the state, jura regia rajyavati (n.) rakarya (n.) rakhnu

(v.t.) to keep, to protect, to hold raksha

(n.) defence, protection, guard raksi (n.) alcoholic drink raktapatpurna (adj.) bloody rakumari

(n.) politics, political science rajnitigya (n.) politician rajnitik (adj.) political rajnitik labh

/Stkftk"0f{ /fhs'df/L /dfOnf] /dfpg'

/fhgLlt1 /fhgLlts /fhgLlts nfe /fhkl/ifb

(n.) princess ramailo (adj.) pleasant ramaunu

(n.) political importance rajparisad (n.)

(v.i.) to be pleased, to feel happy, to feel delighted, to be glad

02.10.2002

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ramnu

/Dg'

rastranayak (n.) head of state rastravad (n.) nationalism rastravadi

/fi6gfos /fi6jfb /fi6jfbL /fli6o /fli6o hfu/0f /fli6o /fi6 /fli6otf /t

(v.i.) to be pleased, to feel happy, to feel delighted, to be glad ramro

/fd|f]
(adj.) good, beautiful

rang (n.) colour rangamanc (n.) rangaunu (v.t.) rangicangi

/ /d~r /+ufpg' /+uLr+uL /+uLg /fuf]

(n.) water buffalo [male]

(n./adj.) a nationalist, nationalistic rastriya (adj.) national rastriya jagaran national awakening rastriya rastra nation-state rastriyata

(adj.) multi-coloured rangin (adj.) coloured rat (postp.) rat (n.) night rat parcha it's getting dark rati (adv.) at night rato (adj.) red rato mato rango

(n.) nationality, nationalism

rani (n.) queen ranniti (n.) strategy rap

/fgL /0fgLlt /fk

(n.) heat of the sun, heat of the fire

/ft /ft k5{ /flt /ftf] /ftf] df6f] /f}+

(n.) hair of the body

ras (n.) juice, broth rasiya (n.) Russia rastra (n.) nation rastrabhasa

/; /;Lof /fi6 /fi6efiff

(n.) red clay to paint the wall raun

ravivar (n.) Sunday

/ljjf/

(n.) national language, language of the nation

02.10.2002 108

rayako sag

/fofsf] ;fu /]n

rodh

/f]w
(n.) onbstruction, obstacle, hindrance

(n.) mustard greens [large] rel (n.) rail rica (n.) verse, hymn rihai (n.) rijha rog

/f]u
(n.) sickness, disease, illness, ailment

Crf l/xfO{ l/
(n.) gladness, happiness, contentment

rogi (n.) sick person rojgar

/f]uL /f]huf/
(n.) business, trade, employment, profession, occupation

rok

/f]s
(n.) prohibition, restriction, interdict

rina

C0f
(n.) debt, loan, due, obligation rokinu

/f]lsg' /f]Sg'

(v.i.) to be stopped, to be hindered rini

C0fL
(n./adj.) debtor, indebted roknu

ris

l/;
(n.) anger, wrath, irritation roti

(v.t.) to prohibit, to obstruct, to hinder, to prevent, to stop

/f]6L
(n.) bread [made of flour and water without yeast]

risaeko (adj.) risaunu

l/;fPsf] l/;fpg' Clif

ruci

lr
(n.) interest, liking, taste

(v.i.) to be angry, to get irritated rugha

?3f
(n.) cold, catarrh, chill

risi

(n.) sage, saint, wise ascetic riti-thiti (n.) social customs rittinu (v.i.) runu ritto (adj.) rup ritu

/Lltlylt l/lQg' l/Qf] Ct'

rugna

?U0f
(adj.) ill, sick, unwell, indisposed, motbid, diseased

runa man lagnu

?g dg nfUg' ?g'

(v.i.)

k
(n.) countenance, look, form, shape, aspect, beauty, guise, semblance, appearance

(n.) season of the year

02.10.2002

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rupantar

kfGt/

sabun (n.) soap sabunko gaj (n.) soap foam sabunko phinja (n.) soap foam

;fa'g ;fa'gsf] ufh ;fa'gsf] lkm+h ;a"t

(n.) transformation, transition, change of form, metamorphosis, translation, conversion rupi

kL
(postp.) having the form of, having the shape of

rupiyan (n.) Rupee ruvanda (n.) Ruanda ruvaunu

?lkof
sabut (n.)

?jf08f
sacetak (n.) whip

;r]ts ;rLj

?jfpg'
saciv

(v.i.) to cause to weep saba (adj.) all, everything sabai bhanda of all sabaijaso (pron.) almost all saber (adj.) early saberai (adv.) early sabha

(n.) secretary, advisor, companion

;a
sacivalaya (n.) secretariat

;lrjfno ;8s ;bg ;b/

;a} eGbf
sadak (n.) road [metalled]

;a}h;f]
sadan

(n.) residence, house, assembly hall

;a]/
sadar (n.)

;a]/}
sadar upatyaka (n.) central valley

;b/ pkTosf ;bZo ;bZoxk|lt bdggLlt ;b:o ;b:otf

;ef
sadashya (n.) member

(n.) assembly, meeting, gathering sabhapati

;efklt
sadashyaharuprati daman-niti

(n.) chairman [of a meeting, organization or party] sabhyata

;Eotf

sadasya (n.) member sadasyata (n.)

(n.) civilization, civility, politeness, courtesy, good manner sabik

;flas
(adj.) former, previous

02.10.2002

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sadbhavana (n.) friendship sadhain (adv.) always sadhan

;b\efjgf ;w}+ ;fwg

sagaunu

;ufpg' ;3fpg' ;Unf]

(v.t.) to help, to assist, to aid saghaunu

(v.t.) to help, to assist, to aid saglo

(n.) material, resource, medium, means, equipment sadhana (n.) sadharan

(adj.) whole, complete, undivided sagsabji (n.) vegetables sahabhagi

;fwgf ;fwf/0f ;fwf/0f ;ef ;f9] ;lbR5f ;b'kof]u if8\oGq ;fukft ;fu/

;fu;AjL ;xefuL ;xeflutf ;xn]vs ;xdt

(n.) partner, accomplice sahabhagita (n.) participation sahalekhak (n.) sahamat

(adj.) common, simple, general sadharan sabha (n.) sadhe (adj.) half past sadiccha

(n.) good wishes, good will sadupayog (n.) utilization sadyantra

(n./adv.) agreement, of one and the same mind or opinion sahamati

;xdlt ;xg ;xg'

(n.) agreement, concurrence, content sahan

(n.) conspiracy, plot, intrigue sagapat

(n.) endurance, enduring, bearing sahanu

(n.) (leafy) vegetables sagar (n.) sagar (n.) sky, heaven sagarkhand (n.) sweet potato sagarmatha

(v.t.) to forbear, to endure, to brook, to sustain, to withstand sahara

;xf/f ;x;|fAbL ;xfo ;xfo

(n.) help, assistance, support

;u/
sahasrabdi (n.) millennium

;u/vG8
sahaya

(n.) help, assistance, support

;u/dfyf
sahaya

(n.) Sagarmatha, Chomolungma, Mount Everest

02.10.2002

(n.) help, assistance, support

111

sahayak (n.) sahayak nadi (n.) sahayata

;xfos ;xfos gbL ;xfotf ;xof]u ;xof]u ;ldlt ;xof]uL ;flx+nf] ;flxTo ;flxTosf/ ;flxTozf:q ;flxlTos

sainik (adj.) military sainik viman (n.) saintis (num.) saja

;}lgs ;}lgs ljdfg ;}+tL; ;hf

(n.) help, assistance, support sahayog (n.) cooperation sahayog samiti

(n.) punishment, confinement, penalty sajaya

;hfo ;ff

(n.) cooperative society sahayogi sajha

(n.) punishment, confinement, penalty

(n.) colleague, supporter, assistant, friend sahinlo sajilo

(n.) cooperative, joint enterprise

;lhnf]
(adj.) easy, simple

(n.) third eldest [of brothers] sahitya (n.) literature sahityakar (n.) writer, author sahityashastra

sakali

;snL ;se/ ;s];Dd rf8f]

(adj.) original, true, pure, good, genuine sakbhar

(adv.) as much as possible sakesamma cando

(n.) poetics, rhetoric, literature sahityik (adj.) literary sahu

(comp.) as fast as possible, as soon as possible saknu

;Sg' ;Ifd ;fIf/ ;fIf/tf ;fn

(v.t.) to be able; to finish, to complete

;fx'
(n.) merchant, trader, money-lender, banker saksham (adj.)

sahu

;fx"
(n.) shopkeeper, merchant, trader, businessman, moneylender sakshar (adj.) literate saksharta (n.) literacy

sahuni (n.) shop keeper saiddhantik

;fx'gL ;}4flGts

sal

(adj.) according top principle, theoretical

(n.) year [of vikram samvat]

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salah (n.) locust salai (n.) matches salaiko batta (n.) match-box salakhala

;nx ;nfO{ ;nfO{ af ;fnfvfnf ;fnfgf ;fnL

(n.) wife's younger sister

samagra

;du| ;dfh ;dfh zf:q ;fdflhs ;fdfHjfb ;fdfHjfbL ;fdfHjfbL /fHo ;dIf ;dfnf]rgf ;fdfg

(adj.) whole, all, entire, complete samaj (n.) society samaj shastra (n.) sociology samajik (adj.) social samajvad (n.) socialism samajvadi (n./adj.) socialist samajvadi rajya (n.) samaksha

(adj.) on the average salana (adj.) sali

salig

;flnu
(n.) statue, effigy, idol, image

salik

;flns
(n.) statue, effigy, idol, image

(postp.) before, in front of, samalocana (n.) review

salinda (adj.) sallaha

;flnGbf ;Nnfx

saman

(n.) consultation, advice, counsel, conference, deliberation sallahakar advisor, consultant salo

(n.) things, materials, apparatus, tools, belongings, appliances saman

;Nnfxsf/ ;fnf]

;dfg

(adj.) similar, equal, alike, uniform, equivalent, identical, tantamount samanta

(n.) wif's younger brother salvalaunu (v.i.) samacar

;dfgtf

;njnfpg' ;dfrf/ ;dfwfg

(n.) equality, equivalence, parity, similarity, likeness samanti

;fdGtL ;dGjo

(adj.) feudal, feudatory samanvaya

(n.) news, information samadhan

(n.) combination, union, uniformity, harmony, natural succession

(n.) solving the problem, cracking the nuts, removel of doubts

02.10.2002 113

samanya

;fdfGo

samatal (adj.) samay

;dtn ;do

(adj.) ordinary, general, common, usual, trivial, insignificant samanya ling (n.) double gender samanya nam (n.) generic term samapta

;fdfGo ln ;fdfGo gfd ;dfKt ;dk{0f

(n.) time, period, season, opportunity, leisure, occasion sambal (n.) support sambandha

;Dan ;DaGw

(adj.) finished, completed, accomplished samarpan

(n.) relation, relationship, connection, association, affinity sambandhi

(n.) offering, dedication, surrender, deliverynce, disposal, assignment samartha

;DaGwL ;DaGwL ;j{gfd ;Defjgf ;DejtM ;De|fGt ;Daf]wg ;Drf/ ;DwL

(suff.) related with, pertaining to sambandhi sarvanam

;dy{ ;dy{s ;dy{g ;dy{tf ;d:t ;dli6 ;dli6ut ;d:o

(adj.) mighty, powerful, strong, able samarthak

(n.) relative pronoun sambhavana

(n./adj.) supporter, vindicator; supporting samarthan

(n.) possibility, probability sambhavatah

(n.) support, ratification, corroboration samarthata (n.) samasta (adj.) samasti

(adv.) possible, in all probability sambhranta

(adj.) perplexed, confused, bewildered sambodhan

(n.) address, calling aloud; vocative case samcar

(n.) collectiveness, totality, aggregate samastigat (adv.) collectively samasya

(n.) news, information samdhi

(n.) son's father-in-law, daughter's father-inlaw samdhini

(n.) problem, dilemma samasyagrasta (adj.) problematic samata

;lDwgL

;d:ofu|:t ;dtf

(n.) son's mother-in-law, daughter's motherin-law samet

;d]t

(postp.) with, together with, including, included

(n.) equalness, similarity, evenness

02.10.2002 114

saminya

;fdLGo ;ldlt ;Dgf ;Dd ;Ddt ;Ddlt

samparka

;Dks{ ;Dk|fbfo ;Dk"0f{ ;d|f6\ ;d[4 ;fd'

(adj.) simple, common samiti (n.) committee samjhana

(n.) company, association, union sampradaya (n.) sampurna (adj.) samrat

(n.) remembrance, reminiscence, memory samma

(postp.) upto, as far as sammat (adv.) sammati samu

(n.) emperor, sovereign, king of the kings samriddha (adj.) important

(n.) opinion, consent, approval, permission, acceptance, assent sammelan

(postp.) samuccaya (n.) samudaya

;Dd]ng ;DdLlnt

;d'Rro ;d'bfo ;d'bfojfrs gfd ;fd'bflos ;d'b| ;d'b|;tx ;d"x ;d"lxs ;d'Gglt

(n.) meating, conference sammilit

(n.) collection, assemblage, group samudayavacak nam

(adj.) with eyes shut, with eyes closed, covered sammyaunu

;DDofpg' ;Dkfbs ;DkfbsLo ;DkfbsLo ;xfos ;DkfbsLo ljefu ;DkGg

(v.t.) to level, to make plain sampadak (n.) editor sampadakiya (adj.) editorial sampadakiya sahayak (n.) assistant editor sampadakiya vibhag

(n.) collective noun, generic term samudayik

(adj.) collective, pertaining to community samudra (n.) sea, ocean samudra sataha (n.) sea level samuha

(n.) collection, assemblage, group samuhik (adj.) collective

(n.) editorial department sampanna

(adj.) rich, well-off, prosperous, wealthy, well-to-do

samunnati

(n.) progress, development, elevation, rise

02.10.2002

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samyatantra (n.) communism samyavad (n.) communism samyavadi (n./adj.) communist san (n.) jute sana buva

;fDotGq ;fDojfb ;fDojfbL ;g ;fgf a'jf ;+rfng ;~rng ;~rflnt ;~rf/

sanga

; ;} nfg' ;;} ;7g ;+u7gfTds ;7lgs ;+3if{ ;+3

(postp.) with, along with sangai lanu

(v.t.) to take along, to take away sangasangai (adj.) together sanggathan

(n.) organization, union, league sanggathanatmak (adj.) sanggathanik (adj.) sanggharsa

(n.) mother's younger sister's husband sancalan (n.) sancalan (n.) movement sancalit (adj.) sancar

(n.) struggle, conflict, strife, friction sangh

(n.) assembly, association, multitude, monastery sanghu (n.)

(n.) movement, motion sancaran

;f3' ;ng ;Nk

;~r/0f
sangkalan

(n.) movement, motion sanco

(n.) collection, compilation

;frf]
sangkalpa

(n./adj.) 1. key 2. true, sincere, genuine, real sandarbha (n.) sandarbha-suci (n.) sandesh (n.) sandhe (n.) bull

(n.) solemn promise, resolve, solution, determination sangkat

;Gbe{ ;Gbe{;"rL
sangkat

;+s6 ;6 ;f\sl] ts ;f\nf]

(n.) distress, peril, caamity, agony

(n.) hint, symbol, gesture, sign

;Gb]z
sangketik

(adj.) token, nominal, symbolic, indicative

;f9]
sanglo (n.) roach

02.10.2002

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sanguro (adj.) sangyojik (n.) conjunction sangyukta rastra sangh

;fu'/f] ;+of]lhs

sanrakshan

;+/If0f

(n.) guardianship, patronage, protection, conservation, tutelage sansad (n.) parliament

;+;b ;;bLo ;;bLo Joj:yf ;+zf]wg

;+o'Qm /fi6 ;+3

sansadiya (adj.) parliamentary sansadiya vyavastha

United Nations Organization sani ama

;fgL cfdf ;lgZrjf/ ;lgjf/

(n.) mother's younger sister sanishcavar (n.) Saturday sanivar (n.) Saturday sanjha

(n.) parliamentary affairs sanshodhan

(n.) correction, purification, refinement, revision, amendment sanshodhit (adj.)

;+zf]lwt ;+:sf/ ;+:s/0f ;+:s[t ;+:s[lt ;+:s[lts ;+:s[tdo ;+:d/0f ;+:yf ;+:yfut

;f
sanskar (n.) reformation, initiation, purification

(adv.) in the evening sanjha paryo it became evening sankhyabodhak

;f koF]
sanskaran (n.)

;+Voaf]ws
sanskrit (n.) Sanskrit

(adj.) numerical [grammar] sankhyamatrabodhak

;+Vofdfqaf]ws
sanskriti

(n.) cardinal number sankramankal (n.) sano

(n.) culture, cuatoms, tradition

;+qmd0fsfn
sanskritik (adj.) cultural

;fgf]
(adj.) small, little, inferior sanskritmaya (adj.) sanskritized, full of Sanskrit

sanp (n.) snake sanracana

;fk
sansmaran (n.)

;+/rgf
sanstha

(n.) structure, composition, anatomy sanrakshak

(n.) institution, establishment

;+/Ifs
sansthagat (adj.) institutional

(n.) keeper, preserver, guardian

02.10.2002

117

sansthan (n.) sansthapan

;+:yfg ;+:yfkg

sanvedanshil

;+j]bgzLn ;+ljwfg ;fkm

(adj.) sensitive, sensible, feeling sanvidhan (n.) constitution saph (adj.) sapha

(n.) establishment, founding, initiation, inauguration, foundation santa

;Gt
(n.) mendicant, ascetic, pious person, devotee

;kmf ;kmn ;kmnLe"t ;kmntf ;f/

santa-mahanta (n.) holy men santan

;GtdxGt ;Gtfg

(adj.) clean, clear, pure, transparent saphal

(adj.) successful, effective, fruitful saphalibhut (adj.)

(n.) family, extended family, lineage, genealogy, offsoring, children, breeding santanabbe

;GtfgAa]
saphalta

(num.) ninety-seven, 97 santan-nigraha (n.) santan-nirodh (n.) santaunna

(n.) success, achievement

;Gtfglgu|x
sar (n.)

;Gtfglg/f]w
sara

;f/f
(adj.) all, whole, entire, complete

;GtfpGg
saraha (adj.)

(num.) fifty-seven, 57 santulan

;/x ;/n

;Gt'ng
saral

(n.) equalization, making equal sanu

;fg'
(adj.) small, little, inferior

(adj.) easy, simple, plain, straightforward, upright, sincere saranggi (n.) sarapnu (v.t.) to curse saripha

;f/L ;/fKg' ;l/kmf ;/sf/

sanu

;fg"
(adj.) small, little, inferior

sanvaidhanik (adj.) constitutional sanvarddhan (n.)

;+j]wflgs ;+j4{g

(n.) custard-apple sarkar

(n.) government, administration

02.10.2002

118

sarkari

;/sf/L

sarvekshan (n.) survey sarvesarva (adj.) sasana

;j]{If0f ;j]{;jf{ ;f;gf ;zQm ;z:q ;:tf]

(adj.) governmental, public, official, administrative sarkari bhasa

;/sf/L efiff ;fg'{

(n.) official language sarnu

(n.) punishment, suppression sashakta

(v.t.) to move, to remove, to shift, to copy, to infect sarnu

;g'{
(v.i.) to move, to spread

(adj.) potential, powerful, strong, forceful sashastra

sarp (n.) snake sarva

;k{
sasto

(adj.) armed, equipped with arms

;j{
(adj.) all, entire, whole, complete sasu

(adj.) cheap

;f;"
(n.) mother-in-law

sarvahara (n.) proletariat sarvajan (pron.) sarvajanik (adj.) public sarvanam (n.) pronoun sarvanamik (adj.) pronominal sarvapracin (adj.) sarvashrestha (adj.) sarvasva

;j{xf/f ;j{hg ;fj{hlgs

sat

sasura (n.) father-in-law sasuro (n.) father-in-law

;;'/f ;;'/f] ;t\

;j{gfd
sat

(n.)

;ft
(num.) seven

;fj{gflds
sata

;ftf
(n.) week, period of seven days

;j{k|frLg ;j{>]i7 ;j{:j ;j{tf]d'lv

sataha (n.) satahi (n.) satani

;tx ;6xL ;6gL

(n.) entire property, everything sarvatomukhi

(n.) change, exhange, interchange

(adj.) universal, all pervading

02.10.2002 119

satasi

;tf;L ;ftf}+ ;TrfnL; ;fy

sattarudh

;Qf?9 ;ft'

(num.) eighty-seven, 87 sataun (adj.) seventh satcalis (num.) forty-seven sath satya satu

(adj.) ruling, wielding power

(n.) flour of dryfried corn

;To
(adj.) true, real, right, veritable, correct, honest

(postp.) with, including sathattar

saun

;fpg
(n.) fourth month of the Nepali year [JulyAugust]

;txQ/ ;fyL

(num.) seventy-seven, 77 sathi

saundarya

;f}Gbo{ ;fpjf/ ;f}o{ ;f}tf

beauty, charm, pretiness saunvar (n.) Monday saurya

(n.) friend, companion sathi (num.) sixty, 60 sati

;f7L ;tL
(n.) Sati, virtuous wife, chaste woman, faithful woman sauta

(adj.) solar

(n.) co-wife satopuglo

;ftf]k'Unf]
sava

(n.) spirit, presence of mind satra

;jf
(adj.) a quarter past

;q
(num.) seventeen, 17 saval

;jfn
(n.) question, plumb, a laden weight on a line

satsatthi

;T;6\7L
saya

(num.) sixty-seven, 67 satta

;o
(num.) hundred, 100

;f
(n.) change, exhange, interchange

sekaunu

;]sfpg' ;]s'jf ;]nfpg'

satta (n.) speculation sattais

;f ;QfO{; ;Q/L

(v.t.) to roast, to warm up sekuva (n.) roasted meat selaunu (v.t.) to cool

(num.) twenty-seven, 27 sattari (num.) seventy, 70

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selroti

;\n/f]6L ;]lknf] ;]tf]

shaktiparikshan (n.) shaktishali

zlQmk/LIf0f zlQmzfnL zfd]n

(n.) Nepalese doughnut made of rice flour sepilo (adj.) shaded, dark seto (adj.) white seva

(adj.) powerful, strong shamel

(adj.) assembled, gathered together, united together

;]jf
(n.) service, attendance, worship shamil

zfldn

sevan

;]jg
(n.) service, attendance, worship

(adj.) assembled, gathered together, united together shangka

zf z+sfn'

shabda (n.) word shabdakos (n.) dictionary shahar (n.) town

zAb zAbsf]if zx/ zx/Ls/0f zfxL

(n.) doubt, suspicion, apprehension shankalu

(adj.) suspicious, questionable, prone to suspicion, vague shankaradeva (n.) shanta

z+s/b]j zfGt

shaharikaran (n.) urbanization shahi (adj.) royal shahid (n.) martyr shakta (adj.) shakti

(adj.) calm, quiet, mild, serene, pacific, grave, silent sharad (n.) early autumn

z/b z/0f z/0ffyL{ z/t z/L/

zfxLb zQm zlQm

sharan

(n.) protection, shelter sharanarthi

(n.) refugee, shelter-seeker sharat (n.) early autumn sharir

(n.) strength, power, prowess, capability, calibre, vigour, energy shaktihina (adj.)

zlQmxLg zlQmdfg

(n.) body shasak

zf;s

shaktiman (adj.)

(n.) administrator, ruler, governor

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shasakiya

zf;sLo zf;g zf;g kl/jt{g zf;gf zf;gsfn zf;gstf{ zf;gk4lt zf;gk|0ffnL zf;gktGq zfl;t z:q

shatruta

zq'tf zf}rfno zj

(adj.) governmental, administrative, public shasan

(n.) enmity, hostility shaucalaya

(n.) command, authority, governance, reign shasan parivartan (n.) coup, putsch shasana shav

(n.) rest room, toilet

(n.) corpse shayad

zfob z]kf{ lzsf/Lsf] :ju{ lzIff lzIfs lzIf0f lz/

(n.) punishment, suppression shasankal (n.) shasankarta

(adv.) perhaps, maybe sherpa

(n.) Sherpa [a Nepali nationality] shikariko svarg

(n.) administrator, ruler, governor shasanpaddhati (n.) shasan-pranali

(n.) hunting paradise shiksha (n.) education shikshak (n.) teacher shikshan (n.) shir

(n.) government, constitution shasantantra

(n.) government, constituion shasit (adj.) shastra

(n.) head, crest, noddle, summit, top of anything Shista

(n.) weapon, arms, tool, instrument shatabda (n.) century shatabdi (n.) century shatak (adj.) hundred, 100 shatru (n.) enemy

lzi6

ztfAb ztfAbL zts

shlok

(adj.) gentle, polite, mannerly, civil, wellbred, refined, trained shisya (n.) shitilta (n.)

lzio lzltntf Zn]]s

zq'

(n.) verse, stanza, poetry, couplet

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122

shobha

zf]ef

shukravar (n.) Friday shunya

z'qmjf/ z"Go z"/

(n.) beauty, handsomeness, magnificence, elegance, lustre, replendence shos

zf]if
(n.) suction, drying up, withering, dryness, absorption, sucking

(n./adj.) empty, nill, zero shura (adj.) shuru (n.) start, beginning shuru garnu to start, to begin

shosak

zf]ifs zf]if0f

(adj.) absorbent, withering shosan

z' z' ug'{ Zofkf{ l;4fGt l;l4

(n.) suction, drying up, withering, dryness, absorption, sucking, exploitation shosit (adj.) exploited shram

zf]lift
shyarpa

(n.) Sherpa [a Nepali nationality]

>d
siddhanta

(n.) hard labour, toil, exertion shravan

(n.) doctrine, tenet, established truth

>fj0f
siddhi

(n.) fourth month of the Nepali year [JulyAugust] shri

(n.) perfection, accomplishment, maturity, fulfilment, victory siddhyaunu

>L
(n.) Mr., Mrs., Ms., Miss

l;4fpg' l;lSsd l;Sg'

(v.t.) to finish, to complete, to kill shrilangka (n.) Sri Lanka shriman (n.) husband shrimati (n.) wife shuddha (adj.) shukavar (n.) Friday shukla paksha

>Lnf
sikkim (n.) Sikkim

>Ldfg
siknu (v.t.) to learn

>LdtL
silbar (n.) aluminium

l;Na/ l;ln
(n.) ceiling

z'4
siling

z'sjf/
sima

;Ldf
(n.) boundary, border, limit, landmark

z'Sn kIf
simana

(comp.) the moonlit half of a lunar month

l;dfgf

(n.) boundary, border, limit, landmark

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simi (n.) bean simit (adj.) sinbi (n.) bean sincai (n.) sincit

l;dL ;Lldt l;+aL l;+rfO l;l~rt

(adj.) irrigated, drenched

sirak (n.) quilt sirani (n.) pillow sirjana

l;/s l;/fgL l;h{gf ;L;f

(n.) lead

(n.) creation, formation, construction sisa

sita

l;t
(postp.) with, along with

sindur (n.) sindure

l;+b/ " l;+b"/] l;+ufk'/ l;+x

siune kal

l;pg] sn l;pg'

(n.) sewing machine siunu

(adj.) scarlet, vermilion-coloured singgapur Singapur sinha (n.) lion sinhasan (n.) sinki siyo

(v.i.) to sew, to stitch

l;of]
(n.) needle

skulma padhnu

:s"ndf k9\g' :d/0fkq :dfl/sf :d[lt

(comp.) to go to school

l;+xf;g l;GsL

smaran-patra

(n.) reminder, memorandum smarika (n.) smriti

(n.) soured raddish, fermented raddish sip

;Lk
(n.) handicraft, handiwork, art, craft, arts and crafts, skill

(n.) memory, remembrance, memento smriti-patra

sipahi (n.) soldier sipalu

l;kfxL l;kfn' l;kmfl/z

:d[ltkq :gfg

(n.) reminder, memorandum snan (n.) bath snankotha (n.) bathroom

(adj.) skilful, experienced, clever, skilled

:gfgsf]7f

sipharish (n.)

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so

;f]
(adj.) that, that one, he, she

steshan (n.) station sthagit

:6]zg :ylut :yfg

sobhita (n.) cobalt socnu

;f]letf ;f]Rg' ;f]wvf]h ;f]x|

(adj.) postpones, adjourned sthan

(v.t.) to think, to ponder, to consider sodhakhoj

(n.) place, spot, site, position, house sthaniya

:yfgLo :yfkg

(n.) research program, research project sohra (num.) sixteen, 16 sojho

(adj.) local, territorial, regional, topical sthapan

(n.) establishment, foundation, setting up, creation, planting, placing

;f]f]
(adj.) straigt, straigtforward, honest sthapana

:yfkgf

somvar (n.) Monday sopan

;f]djf/ ;f]kfg :ki6

(n.) establishment, foundation, setting up, creation, planting, placing sthapi (adv.) sthapit

:yflk :yflkt

(n.) steps, ladder, staircase spast

(adj.) distinct, clear, intelligible, lucid, apparent, evident sresta (n.) srot

(adj.) propounded, founded, established, instituted, set up, fixed, placed, erected, installed sthayi

;|:tf ;|f]t

:yfoL

(adj.) permanent, stationary, fast, durable, lasting, stable, steady sthayitva

:yfloTj l:y/

(n.) current, stream, channel, water course, source of income sthira srot ra sadhan (n.) resources

(n.) permanence, durability, sustainment

>f]t / ;fwg :tDe :tg

(adj.) sthirata

l:y/tf l:y/Tjf l:ylt

stambha (n.) column

(n.) sthiratva (n.) sthiti

stan (n.) breast stava (n.)

02.10.2002

:tj

(n.) place, position, circumstance, condition, phase, equilibrium

125

striling

:qLln :t'lt

sukhiya (adj.) sukti

;'lvof ;"lQm

(n.) female [grammar] stuti (n.) subista

(n.) good saying, beautiful sentence

;'la:tf ;'la:tfsf]

sukul

;'s'n
(n.) a kind of straw mat, a person of high or respectable family

(n.) easiness, comfort subistako (adj.) sucana

sukumvasi

;'s'djf;L ;'s'6L ;'g

(n./adj.) a homeless person, homeless

;"rgf
sukuti (n.) dried meat, jerk sun (n.) gold sunaulo (adj.) golden

(n.) notice, notification, information, advertisement, indication, hint sucanapatra

;"rgfkq ;"rL

(n.) advertisement, notice suci (n.) sudhar

;'gf}nf] ;'gfpg' ;'Gb/ ;'9 ;'u/ ' ;'Gtnf ;'Gtn] ;'g'jf/ ;'kf/L

;'wf/

sunaunu

(n.) improvement, reform, reformation, correction, amendment, renovationr sudharak (n.) sudharnu (v.t.) sudridha

(v.t.) to make others hear, to tell sundar

;'wf/s ;'wfg'{ ;'b[9 ;'uf

(adj.) beautiful, nice, pretty, charming sundha (n.) sungur (n.) pig, hog suntala (n.) tangerine suntale

(adv.) very strong, very firm, very rigid suga (n.) parrot sujhau

;'fp ;'fj ;'vL

(adj.) orange-coloured sunuvar

(n.) suggestion, advice, counsel sujhav

(n.) Sunuwar [a Nepali nationality] supari (n.) areca nut

(n.) suggestion, advice, counsel sukhi (adj.)

02.10.2002 126

suraksha protection, security surakshit

;'/Iff ;'/lIft ;'tL{

sutne kotha (n.) bed room sutnu

;'Tg] sf]7f ;'Tg'

(adj.) well protected, in safety surti (n.) tobacco suruva

(v.i.) to sleep, to go to sleep, to go to bed, to lie down sutrapat (n.)

;"qkft ;'ljwf ;'lj:tf :jefj :jefjtM :jefljs :jR5 :jfb

;'?jf
suvidha

(n.) meat broth, meat soup surya (n.) sun surya (n.) sun susajjit (adj.) susangat susangata (n.) susangati (n.) suselnu (v.t.) to whistle suselo (n.) sushasan

(n.) facility, convenience

;"o{
suvista

(n.) easiness, comfort

;"o{
svabhav

(n.) habit, nature, temperament, character

;';lHht
svabhavatah

(adv.) naturally, by nature

;';+ut
svabhavik

;';+utf ;';ult +
svad

(adj.) svaccha

(adj.) clean, clear, pure, transparent

;';]Ng' ;';]nf] ;'zf;g

svami

(n.) taste svadhin (adj.) svadhinta (n.)

:jfwLg :jfwLgtf :jfdL

(n.) good government, good rule, good administration sushri (n.) Miss susta

(n.) master, owner, lord, proprietor, husband

;'>L
svar

:j/
(n.) voice, sound, tune, tone, vowel

;':t
(adj.) lazy, slow, idle, tardy, inactive svarg (n.)

:ju{

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127

svargavas

:ju{jf; :jk :jf:gL :jf:gLdfG5] :j:y :jf:Yo

svayatta

:jfoQ :jfoQ zf;g :jfoQzf;L :jfoQtf :jLsf/

(n.) death, passing away svarup

(adj.) autonomous, under one's control svayatta shasan

(n.) shape, form, apperarance svasni (n.) wife [common] svasnimanche (n.) woman svasth (adj.) healthy svasthya (n.) health svatah svikar

(n.) autonomy, self-government svayattashasi (adj.) svayattata (n.)

(n.) acceptance, confession, assent, agreement svikrit

:jLs[t
(adj.) accepted, agreed, consented, conferred

:jtM

(adj.) voluntarily, spontaneous, of one's own accord svatantra (adj.) free svatantrata

svikriti

:jLs[lt

:jtGq
syal

(n.) acceptance, sanction, approbation, acknowledgement, consent

:ofn
(n.) jackal

:jtGqtf
syau

(n.) freedom, independence svatantrata divas

:ofp
(n.) apple

:jtGqtf lbj;
tadha

(n.) independence day svayam

6f9f
(adj.) far (away)

:jod :jfoDe"gfy :jod]j

tai

(adv.) personally, self svayambhunath

tadkanu

t8\sg' t8\lsg' tfO{

(v.i.) to walk speedily, to shout, to cry tadkinu

(n.) Swayambhunath svayamev

(v.i.) to walk speedily, to shout, to cry

(adv.) personally, self svayamsevak (n.) volunteer svayang (adj.)

:jod;]js :jo+

(n.) flat iron pan taipani

t}klg

(conj.) though, notwithstanding

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128

taja (adj.) tak

tfhf tfs
(n.) time, hour, opportunity, chance

talkinu

6lNsg' tfnd]n

(v.i.) to shine, to glitter, to sparkle talmel

(n.) co-ordination, concordance, harmony, agreement talu (n.) palate

tak (n.) takaliph

6s tsnLkm
tama (n.) copper

tfn' tfdf tdfv' tfdf tD;g' td'

(n.) Tamu, Gurung [a Nepali nationality]

(n.) trouble, pain, affliction takiya (n.) pillow takuro (n.) tal (n.) lake tala (n.) lock tala

tlsof
tamakhu (n.) tobacco

6fs'/f]
tamang

(n.) Tamang [a Nepali nationality]

tfn
tamsanu

(v.i.) to be forward, to be active

tfnf
tamu

tn
(postp.) down, below tanahun (n.)

tgx' tgfj

tala (n.) floor talak

tnf
tanav

(n.) tension, tenseness, strain, tautness

tns
(postp.) upto, as long as tanba (n.) copper

tfaf tGbf
(n.) bed-sheet

talca (n.) lock talika

tfNrf
tanda

tflnsf
(n.) list, key, table, schedule tannu

tfGg'
(v.t.) to draw, to pull, to drag

talim

tfnLd
(n.) training, teaching tansnu

6f:g' tk

(v.t.) to stick, to fasten, to join talkanu

6Nsg'
tap

(v.i.) to shine, to glitter, to sparkle

(n.) penance, practice, heat, warmth

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129

tap (n.) tapani

tfk tfklg 6k/L

(n.)

tark

ts{
(n.) debate, discussion, argument

tarkari (n.) vegetable curry tarnu (v.t.) to deep fry

tsf{gL tfg'{ tkm{

(conj.) although, nevertheless tapari

tapke (n.) frying pan tar (n.) cream tara (n.) star tara (conj.) but taranga (n.) taraph (n.) direction, side taraph (conj.) towards tarbuja (n.) watermelon tari khet (n.) terraced field tarika

tfKs] t/ tf/f t/ t/ t/km t/km ta'{hf

tarph (conj.) towards tarph (n.) direction, side tarphbata

tkm{ tkm{af6 t?n

(n.) yam

(postp.) on the part of, from tarul

tarun

t?0f
(n.) young man, youth, juvenile

taruno

t?gf] t;y{

(n.) young man, youth, juvenile tasartha

(int.) on account of that, from that reason, therefore taskar (n.) smuggler

t:s/ t:s/L t6

6f/L v]t
taskari (n.) smuggling

t/Lsf
(n.) method, manner, way, means tat

(n.) shore, bank, beach, coast tarikh

tf/Lv
(n.) date [according to the western calendar] tatastha

t6:y ttfpg'

(adj.) neutral, objective, indifferent tariko sag

tf/Lsf] ;fu
tataunu

(n.) mustard greens [small]

(v.t.) to heat, to warm up

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130

tatha (conj.) and tathya

tyf tYo 6f6f]

(n.) mark, spot, scar, stain

tebbar (adj.) tehra (num.) thirteen, 13 teis

t]Aa/ t]x| t]O{;

(n.) truth, reality, substance tato

(num.) twenty-three, 23 tekne lauro

tato (adj.) warm, hot tato pani

tftf] tftf] kfgL tQj

(n.)

6]Sg] nf}/f] t]naLh

(n.) staff, walking stick telbij (n.) oilseed telhan (n.)

(n.) hot water, warm water tattva

t]nxg 6]lg;

tau (n.) sheet of paper tauko (n.) head taulanu

tfp 6fpsf] tf}ng' tf}lnof tj/

(n.) manner, way, mode, method

tenis (n.) tennis ternu (v.t.) tesro (adj.) third tesro dhrava (n.) third pole tettis

6]g'{ t];|f] t];|f] j t]QL;

(num.) thirty-three, 33

(v.t.) to weigh, to compare tauliya (n.) towel tavar

tayar (adv.) ready tayar garnu (v.t.) to make ready tayar hunu

tof/ tof/ ug'{ tof/ x'g' tof/Ldf

thag

7u
(n.) cheat, knave, swindler

thagaha

7ufxf 7Ug' yfxf

(n.) cheat, knave, swindler thagnu

(v.i.) to be ready, to make ready tayarima (adv.) thaha

(v.i.) to cheat, to deceive

(n.)

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131

thakai

ysfO ysfnL yfSg'

thannu

7fGg' yfKg' y/

(n.) fatigue, weariness, exhaustion thakali

(v.t.) to think, to determine thapnu

(n.) Thakali [a Nepali nationality] thaknu thar

(v.t.) to establish, to erect, to place

(v.i.) to get tired, to become tired, to be exhausted thal (n.) plate thali (n.) small plate thalni (n.) thalnu

(n.) clan, tribe, subcaste tharkaunu

yfn yfnL yfNgL yfNg' ynf]

(n.)

ysf{pg' yf?

(v.t.) to frighten, to shake tharu

(n.) Tharu [a Nepali nationality] thati

yfgL
(n.) pawn, stake, postponement

thaun

7fp
(n.) place, spot, opportunity

(v.t.) to begin, to start, to commence thegnu (v.i.) theknu (v.t.) thicnu

y]Ug' 7]Sg' lyRg' 7Ls

thalo

thamaunu (v.t.) thami

7dfpg' yfdL

(v.t.) to press, to crush, to squeeze thik (adj.) right, correct thiti (n.) thiti (n.) thiti-riti (n.) thito (n.)

(n.) Thami [a Nepali nationality] thamyaunu

7Dofpg' yfgf

(v.t.) to recognise, to know

l76L lylt lyltl/lt l66f]

thana

(n.) police station. police post thana

7fgf
(n.) police station. police post

thanda (adj.) thanda marubhumi (n.) tundra

708f 708f d?e"ld

02.10.2002

132

thople (adj.) spotted thopo (n.) thor (adj.) thorai (adj.) a little, few thuli ama

yf]Kn] yf]kf] yf]/ yf]/} 7"nL cfdf

tighra (n.) thigh tihun (n.) vegetable stew tikho (adj.) tiknu

lt3|f ltx'g tLvf] l6Sg'

(v.i.) to last, to remain, to endure

til (n.) sesame tin (n.) tin tin (num.) three, 3 tinma

tLn l6g tLg ltgdf

under it, under them, under there

(n.) father's elder brother's wife, mother's elder sister thulo (adj.) big thulo ba

7"nf] 7"nf] af

(n.) father's elder brother, mother's elder sister's husband thulo buva

7"nf] a'jf

(n.) father's elder brother, mother's elder sister's husband thunse

tinma adhi bhanda kehi badhi

ltgdf cf3L eGbf s]xL a9L l6Kk0fL

y'G;] y'g'jf y'k|} cfpg' y'k|f] tL

a little bit more than half of them tippani

(n.) a large close-meshed basket thunuva (adj.) thuprai aunu

(n.) note, annotation, comment, observation, critical remark tippani

l6Kk0fL l6Kk0fLsf/ lt/

(n.) note, annotation, commentary tippanikar (n.) commentator tira

(v.i.) to pour in, to swarm in thupro

(n.) heap, mound, pile, crowd ti (pron.) those tibbat (n.) Tibet

(postp.) towards, in direction to tirnu (v.t.) tp pay tirsana (n.)

ltAat

ltg'{ lt;{gf

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tis (num.) thirty, 30 tithi

tL; ltly
(n.) date [according to the astrological calendar]

tritiyapurusvacak

t[tLo k'?ifjfrs lqofsnfk lqofgAa] lqof;L 6'qmf

(n.) third person [grammar] triyakalap (n.) triyanabbe

titri

ltqL
(n.) a sour fruit [relished for pickle], tamarind

(num.) ninety-three, 93 triyasi

toknu (v.t.) toli

tf]Sg' 6f]nL
(n.) small group, btch, party, team

(num.) eighty-three, 83 tukra (n.) a small piece, tukrinu

topalnu

6f]kNg' tf]/L

6'lqmg' t'ngf 6'l+ ug'

(v.t.) to pretend, to make a pretext tori (n.) mustard torika phul dekhnu to be astonished tran

(v.i.) to be divided to pieces tulana (n.)

tf]/Lsf kmn b]Vg' qf0f

tunginu

(v.i.) to come to an end, to be finished, to be completed tupi (n.) pig-tail turunta (adj.) immediate

6'kL t'?Gt Tofu

(n.) desertion, abandonment

(n.) protection, defence, safety tribhuj (n.) tricalis

lqe'h lqrfnL; lqxQ/ lqkGg lq;6\7L t[tLo k'?if

tyag

(num.) forty-three, 43 trihattar

tyahan (adv.) there tyas tak (adv.) at that time tyasai (adv.) tyasaile

Toxf To; tfs To;} To;}n]

(num.) seventy-three, 73 tripanna

(num.) fifty-three, 53 trisatthi

(num.) sixty-three, 63 tritiya purus

(n.) third person [ling.]

02.10.2002

(conj.) therefore, so
134

tyaso hunale (conj.) so, thus tyasprati

To;f] x'gfn] To;k|lt To:tf] Toltsf]

udaharaniya (adj.) udan

pbfx/0fLo p8fg

(adv.) in this connection, concerning this tyasto udar

(n.) flight, act of flying or fleeing

pbf/
(adj.) high minded, munificent, generous, open-hearted, noble-minded

(pron.) such, that kind of, like that tyatiko

(adj.) that much, that big ubhayaling (n.) double gender ubhinu

udarashaya (adj.)

pbf/fzo pbf/tf pbf/jfb pbf/jfbL pbf;

peoln
udarta (n.)

pleg'
udarvad (n.)

(v.i.) to stand up, to stand, to get up ubhyaunu

pEofpg'
udarvadi (n.)

(v.t.) to cause to stand, to raise up ubjani

pAhgL
udas (adj.) sad

(n.) production, productivity ubjanu

pAhg'
udasi (adj.) sad

(v.i.) to grow, to grow up, to be produced ubjaunu

pbf;L p8fpg'

pAhfpg'
udaunu

(v.t.) to produce, to cause to grow ubranu (v.i.) to be left over ucalnu (v.t.) to lift up ucca (adj.) ucca parvatiya (adj.) alpine udaharan

pa|g' prfNg' pRr pRr kj{tLo pbfx/0f

(v.t.) to cause to fly; to waste, to squander, to gobble udaunu

pbfpg' pbo p2]z p2]Zo p4f/

(v.i.) to rise (sun or moon) udaya

(n.) rising, ascent, dawning uddesh

(n.) desire, wish, intention, purpose uddeshya (n.) aim, objective uddhar

(n.) instance, example, illustration

(n.) kindness, charity

02.10.2002 135

udgar

pb\uf/
(n.) exclamation, emotional statement

ujyalo (adj.) light ukali

pHofnf] psfnL

udharnu (v.t.) to rip up udhinnu

pwfg{ plw'

(n.) upward gradient ukalnu (v.t.) to lift ukalo

psfNg' psfnf]

(v.t.) to dig up, to pick out, to find out, to search, to select udnu (v.i.) to fly udus (n.) bedbug udyamashil (adj.) industrial udyat

p8\g' p8'; pBdzLn pBt

(adj.) ready, prepared, raised, brought up

(n./adj.) steepness, upward gradient; steep ukasnu

psf:g' ps]Ng' pvfg pv]Ng' pv'

(v.t.) ro raise, to rouse ukelnu

(v.t.) to vomit, to spew out ukhan

(n.) proverb, saying, aphorism ukhelnu

udyog

pBf]u pBf]uL p3fg'{ p3|g' pu|

(v.t.) to uproot, to remove ukhu (n.) sugar cane ukkaunu

(n.) industry, enterprise, effort, diligence udyogi (adj.) industrious

pSsfpg' plSsg' pSng' pQm

ugharnu

(v.t.) to break open, to initiate ukkinu

(v.t.) to open, to unlock ughranu (v.i.) to be opened uklanu ugra

(v.i.) to be selected, to be picked out

(v.t.) to climb up, to ascend ukta (adj.) ukti

(adj.) wrathful, angry, fierce uhan

pxf
(pron.) he, she [very polite]

uhile

plxn]
(adv.) then, at that time, many years ago, long ago

plQm
(n.) statement, remark, a saying

ukusmukusaunu

ps';d's';fpg'

ujad (adj.)
02.10.2002

phfb

(v.t.) to stifle, to cause claustrophobia

136

ullangghan

pNn+3g pNnf;

unancas

pgGrf; pgfGgAa] pgfG;Q/L pgfG;o pgf;L

(n.) violation, contravention ullas (n.) joy, delight ullekh

(num.) forty-nine, 49 unannabbe (num.) eighty-nine

pNn]v pNn]vgLo

unansattari

(n.) mention, reference, description ullekhniya

(num.) sixty-nine, 69 unansaya

(adj.) remarkable, worthy of being mentioned ullikhit

(num.) ninety-nine, 99 unasi

pNn]lvt pN6f]

(num.) seventy-nine, 79 unca (adj.) high, lofty uncai

(adj.) written, mentioned

pmrf pmrfO
(n.) height, tallness, summit

ulto

(adj.) opposite, upside-down umalnu

pdfNg' pdfg'{ pd]bjf/ pd]/

(v.t.) to cause to boil uncalis

pGrfnL; pmrf]

umarnu

(num.) thirty-nine, 39 unco (adj.) unco (adj.) uni kammal (n.) wollen blanket unmulan

(v.t.) to cause to sprout umedvar (n.) candidate

prf] pmgL sDdn pGd"ng pGgfO{; pGgt

(adj.) risen, progressed, improved

umer

(n.) age, length of life umkanu

pDsg' pDng' pDd]bjf/ pd|g' pmg

(v.i.) to escape, to get free, to slip out umlanu

(n.) uprooting, destruction, eradication unnais (num.) nineteen, 19 unnat

(v.i.) to boil, to bubble up, to simmer ummedvar (n.) candidate umranu

(v.i.) to sprout, to spring up, to grow up unnati

pGglt

un (n.) wool

(n.) progress, rise, advancement, improvement, prosperity, elevation

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unnatishil (adj.) progressive unnayak (n.) unnayan (n.) unnu

pGgltzLn pGgfos

upakram

pkqmd

(n.) plan, programme, preparations, beginning, preamble, preface upalabdha

pknAw

pGgog p'

(adj.) gained, felt, acquired, attained, available upalabdhi

pknAwL pknIo pkdf pklgifb\

(n.) achievement, accomplishment upalakshya (n.)

(v.t.) to wreath, to thread, to string, to pass a thread through a needle unsathi (num.) fifty-nine, 59 unta (n.) camel untis

pG;f7L
upama

(n.) comparison, simile, likeness

pm6
upanisad

pGtL;
(num.) twenty-nine, 29

(n.) Upanishads (the theological part of the vedas) upanisadvadi

pklgifb\jfnL

upabhog (n.) enjoyment upabhokta

pkef]u pkef]Qm pkrf/ pkb]z pkflw pkxf/ pkh

(n.) (someone who is following the teachings of the Upanishads) upansanhar (n.) upanyas (n.) novel upar

pk;+xf/ pkGof; pk/

(n.) consumer, user upacar

(n.) remedy, medical treatment, care upadesh

(postp.) above, over, for uparastrapati (n.) uparna (n.) scarf, shawl upasabhapati

(n.) instruction, counsel, lesson

pk/fi6klt pkgf{ pk;efklt

upadhi

(n.) title, attribute, designation, status upahar (n.) present, gift upaj (n.) upakhyan (n.)

(n.) vice-chairman [of a meeting, organization or party] upasthiti

pkfVofg

pkl:ylt

(n.) presence, attendance

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138

upatya (n.) valley upa-usnakatibandhi (adj.) subtropical upayog

pkTo pkpi0fsl6aG wL pkof]u pkof]lutf pko'Qm pk]Iff

uta (adv.) there, thither utarnu

ptf ptfg'{

(v.t.) to cause to get off, to cause to descend, to help to descend, to take off (clothes) uthal-puthal

(n.) use, utilization, application upayogita

pynk'yn p7fpg' p7\g'

(n.) overturning, change uthaunu

(n.) usefulness, utility upayukta

(v.t.) to wake up, to rouse, to cause to rise uthnu

(adj.) proper, suitable, appropriate upeksha

(v.i.) to get up, to stand up, to stand uti (adv.) that much utnikher

(n.) slight, indignity, neglect, disregard, contempt, scorn upekshit

plt plTgv]/ pTkfbg pTklQ pTkL8s pTkLl8t pTkLl8t ju{ pqg'

pk]lIft

(adj.) neglected, ignored, discarded, disregarded uphranu

(adv.) meanwhile, at that time utpadan

pk|mg' plkof p/fNg' pn{g'

(n.) production utpatti

(v.i.) to jump, to leap upiyan (n.) flea utpidak uralnu (n.) oppressor utpidit urlanu (v.i.) to surge up, to rise up, to come in waves; to become angry usa (v.t.) to instigate, to incite (n.) oppression, persecution, harassment utpidit varga (n.) origin, production

piff
(n.) dawn, daybreak

(n.) oppressed class utranu

usinnu

pl;'
utrinu

(v.i.) to get off, to descend, to float, to rise out of, to rise above

(v.t.) to boil while cooking uso

p;f]
(adj.) like that, such

plqg'
(v.i.) to get off, to come down, to descend

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139

utsaha

pT;fx pT;j

vaishakh

j}zfv jh|frfo{ jQmJo jfdkGyL jg la/fnf] jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x jfef]h jfl0fHo jgsf] wfg j+z

(n.) enthusiasm, excitement utsav

(n.) first month of the Nepali year [April-May] vajracarya (n.) vaktavya (n.) vampanthi (n./adj.) leftist van biralo (n.) wild cat van upabhokta samuha

(n.) entertainment, festival, celebration, festivity utsukta

pT;'stf pQd

(n.) enthusiasm, excitement uttam

(adj.) supreme, best uttano

pQfgf] pQ/

(adj.) flat on one's back uttar

(n.) answer, reply; north uttaradhikari

(n.) forest users group vanbhoja (n.) picknick vanijya

pQ/flwsf/L pQ/bfoL pQ]lht

(n.) heir, successor, inheritor uttardayi

(adj.) responsible, answerable, accountable uttejit

(n.) trade, commerce, business vanko dhan

(adj.) excited, quickened utthan (n.) upliftment utthan

(n.) forest resources vansha

pTofg p6\7fg

(n.) clan, pedigree, dynasty, lineage, birth, family, tribe, generation vardan (n.) boon

(n.) progress, emancipation vacan

j/bfg ju{

jrg
(n.) speech, utterance, talk varga (n.) class, kind, series, row

vad

jfb
(n.) theory, dispute, controversy varga mil (n.) square mile

ju{ dLn ju{xLg ju{xLg ;dfh

vaicarik (adj.) vaidhanik

j}rfl/s
vargahin (adj.)

j}wflgs
vargahin samaj (n.)

(adj.) constitutional, according to the constitution

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140

varipari (adv.) varnan

jl/kl/ j0f{g jif{

vela (n.) time veshya

j]nf j]Zof ljefu ljefuLo

(n.) description, narration, encomium varsa (n.) year varsa

(n.) prostitute, whore, harlot vibhag

(n.) section, part, department

jiff{
(n.) rains, rainy season, monsoon

vibhagiya

(adj.) departmental, related to the department vibhajan

varta (n.) vartalap (n.) vartaman (adj.) vasanta (n.) spring vasi

jftf{ jftf{nfk
vibhinna

ljefhg ljle ljrng ljrf/

(n.) section, part, department

(adj.) various, diverse, different kinds of

jt{dfg
vicalan (n.)

j;Gt
vicar

jf;L
(n.) inhabitant, dweller

(n.) consideration, observation, notion, idea, judgement videsh (n.) foreign country videshi (n.) foreigner

ljb]z ljb]zL ljb]zL ;xfotf ljwfg ljw]os ljlw

vastavik

jf:tljs

(adj.) in reality, essential, genuine, true, virtual vastavikta (n.) reality, truth vastu (n.) vastutah (adv.) vatavaran

jf:tljstf
videshi sahayata (n.) foreign aid

j:t'
vidhan (n.)

j:t'tM
vidheyak

(n.) bill [in a legislature]

jftfj/0f
vidhi (n.) vidhipurvak (adv.)

(n.) condition, surrounding, environment, circumstances, situation veda (n.) Veda

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j]b

ljlwk"j{s

141

vidhivat (adv.) vidit (adj.) vidroha

ljlwjt ljlbt ljb|f]x ljfg ljBf

vihina (postp.) vihinata

ljxLg ljxLgtf ljho

(n.)

(n.) missing, non-existence vijaya

(n.) revolt, rebellion, mutiny, treason vidvan vijaya

ljhof
(n.)

(n./adj.) scholar; learned, wise vidya (n.) vidyabhyas (n.) vidyalaya

vijaya dashami (n.)

ljhof bzdL ljhoL

ljBfEof; ljBfno ljBf/De

vijayi (n./adj.) vijeta

ljh]tf
(n.) conqueror, victor, one who has achieved victory

(n.) school, college, academy, seminary vidyarambha (n.) vidyarthi (n.) student vidyarthi gatividhi

vikas

ljsf;
(n.) development, expansion, evolution

ljBfyL{
vikasit (adj.) developed

ljsfl;t ljsl;t ljs6

ljBfyL{ ultljlw
vikasit (adj.) developed

(n.) student movement vidyashram (n.) vidyut (n.) electricity vigat

ljBf>d
vikat

(adj.) dreadful, difficult, hideous

ljB't
vikendrikaran

ljs]Gb|Ls/0f ljv08g

(n.) decentralization

ljut
(adj.) past, gone away vikhandan

vighatan

lj36g lj1fg

(n.) fission, breaking up, splitting up, fragmentation vikhandit

(n.) break up, dissolution, destruction vigyan (n.)

ljvl08t

(adj.) divided, separated, split up, cut off, broken

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vikriti

ljs[lt
(n.) deformation, defilement, mutilation, defect

visakta

ljiffQm

(adj.) toxic, poisonous, venomous, vituperative visalu

vilas (n.) vilayat

ljnf; ljnfot

ljiffn'
(adj.) toxic, poisonous, venomous, vituperative

(n.) foreign land, foreign country, Europe, England viman

visaya

ljifo ljifoqmd ljifofGt/ ljifok|j]z

(n.) subject, topic, article visaya-kram

ljdfg
(n.) airplane, airship

(n.) contents, table of contents visayantar

vimansthal (n.) airfield, airstrip vinash

ljdfg:yn ljgfz ljk

(n.) an outside subject, another topic visayapravesh

(n.) destruction, ruin, disaster, loss vipanna

(n.) introduction, preface, foreword, preliminary visaya-pravesh (n.) visayavastu

(adj.) distressed, afflicted, fallen into calamity, in a critical state viparit

ljifok|j]z ljifoj:t' ljzfn

ljk/Lt
(adj.) opposit, contrary, reverse, adverse, hostile

(n.) subject matter, something discussed vishal

viphal

ljkmn
(adj.) fruitless, useless, unsuccessful

(adj.) big, very big, gigantic, extensive, large, palatiol, huge, great vishes

vir (adj.) viraha (n.) virodh

jL/ lj/x

ljz]if

(adv.) extraordinary, unusual, special, distinguished, famous vishes adalat (n.) special court

ljz]if cbfnt ljz]if gfd ljz]if1 ljz]if0f

lj/f]w
(n.) dissension, discrepancy, hostility, discord, objection, antagonism vishes nam (n.) proper name vishesagya (n.) expert vishesan (n.) adjective

viruddha

lj?4

(postp.) against, opposed, opposite, contrary, adverse, hostile

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143

vishesya (n.) vishista (adj.) vishva

ljz]io ljlzi6

vivad

ljjfb
(n.) discussion, debate, dispute, altercation, quarrel, controvercy

vivaha

ljjfx ljj/0f ljjz ljljw

(n.) marriage, wedding, matrimony

ljZj
(n.) universe, the whole world vivaran

(n.) description, account, statement vishvas

ljZjf;
vivash

(n.) belief, trust, faith, reliance, confidence, assurance vishvasniya (adj.) vishvasniyata (n.) vishvaspatra (n.) vishvavidyalaya (n.) university vishvayuddha (n.) world war viskambhak (n.) vismayadibodhak (n.) interjection visphot (n.) visphotak (adj.) explosive vistar (n.) vistarit

(adj.) dependent, helpless, subjected vividh

ljZj;gLo ljZj;gLotf

(adj.) different, diverse, various, miscellaneous vividhta

ljljwtf j[4 j[4fj:yf j[l4

(n.) diversity, variety, variation

ljZjf;kfq
vriddha (adj.)

ljZjljBfno
vriddhavastha (n.)

ljZjo'4
vriddhi

ljisDes lj:doflbaf]ws lj:kmf]6 lj:kmf]6s lj:tf/ lj:tfl/t

(n.) progress, increase, increment, rise, growth, enlargement vrihaspativar (n.) Thursday vriksha (n.) tree vriksharopan (n.) tree plantation vrisadeva (n.) vyakhya (n.) explanation

j[x:kltjf/ j[If j[Iff/f]k0f j[ifb]j JofVof

(adj.) expanded, enlarged

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vyakhyan

JofVofg JoQm

vyavastha

Joj:yf

(n.) speech, lecture, explanation, exposition vyakta

(n.) system, method, regulation, management, settlement, systematization, form vyavasthapan

(adj.) clear, discernible, expressed, stated, mentioned vyakti

Joj:yfkg Joj:yflksf Joj:yflkt Jojl:yt oBlk

(n.) organizing, systematizing

JolQm
(n.) person, individual, manifestation vyavasthapika (n.) legislative

vyaktigat (adj.) vyaktitva (n.) vyaktivacak nam

JolQmut
vyavasthapit (adj.)

JolQmTj
vyavasthit

(adj.) systematic, methodical, in order

JolQmjfrs gfd Jo Jolrq Jofkf/

yadyapi

(n.) proper name, proper noun vyangya

(conj.) although, though, even, if, however, notwithstanding yagya (n.)

(n.) sarcasm, irony, innuendo vyangya-citra (n.) cartoon vyapar

o1 oxf oxL

yahan

(adv.) here, at this place, hither yahi (pron.) this very yahi nai

(n.) business, trade, profession, occupation, industry vyapta

JofKt

oxL g} o; sf/0f o; qmDdf o;}u/L oz:jL ozf]ufg

(adj.) diffused, pervaded, occupied, overcast, scattered, flush vyatha

(pron.) this and no other yas karan

Joyf

so, because of this yas kramma yasaigari (adv.)

(n.) pain, suffering, misery, distress, injury, ache vyavahar (n.) vyavasay (n.)

Jojxf/ Joj;fo

yashasvi

(adj.) renowned, reputed, glorious yashogan

(n.) eulogy, singing of praises

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145

yasmadhye (adv.) yaso

o;dWo] o;f]

yayavar

ofofj/ of]u

(n.) nomad, wanderer yog (n.) yogadan

(adj.) like this, such yasogari (adv.) yasto

o;f]u/L o:tf]

of]ubfg

(n.) cooperation, help, assistance, contribution yogaphal (n.)

(pron.) like this, of the same kind yasto andhyaroma

of]ukmn Of]Uotf of]hgf o'u

o:tf] cWo/f]df
yogyata

(comp.) in such darkness yata

(n.) power, strength, talent

otf
(adv.) here, at this place, hither yojana (n.) planning

yatauta (adv.) yatayat

otfptf
yug

(n.) epoch, era, age

oftfoft
yugoslabhiya (n.) Yugoslavia

(n.) transportation, traffic yathavat

o'uf]:nfeLof o"/f]k

oyfjt
yurop (n.) Europe

(adv.) in situ, intact, as before yati

olt
(adv.) this much, thus much, so much yuropeli (adj.) European

o"/f]k]nL o'jf

yatiko (adv.) yatra (n.) trip, voyage yatri

oltsf]
yuva (n.) youth

ofqf
yuvati

o'jtL
(n.) young woman, youthful woman

ofqL
(n.) traveller, pilgrim, tourist

yatro (pron.) yauvan (n.)

oqf] of}jg

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146