History Day Works Cited

Primary Sources
Advertisements
Apple. Advertisement. Crazy Ones. 1997. Television. Part of the "Think Different" advertising campaign created in Los Angeles by the ad agency Chiat/Day. This ad defined Apple and Steve Jobs and ran from 19972002. This commercial was narrated by Richard Dreyfus and I had to shorten it in order to comply with the rules. There was a version of the ad with Steve Jobs narrating it but he spoke slower than Dreyfuss so I did not use it. I believe the words capture the spirit of Steve Jobs perfectly. Apple. Advertisement. I'm a Mac and I'm a PC. 2006. Television. This ad campaign ran from 2006-2010 and featured a series of 24 ads. They were hilarious because they were so accurate about the problems with PC and why Macs were better. Apple. Advertisement. iMac Chic not Geek. 1998. Print. MacMotherhip. Website. The introduction of the iMac was the first major product Apple introduced after Steve Jobs returned. The ads were colorful and played on the idea that if you had a Mac, you were hip and cool. Apple. Advertisement. iTunes. 2004. Television. The ad for iTunes featuring Coldplay singing "Viva La Vida, which are part of a series of ads that featured famous singers. I chose this one because the music fit this page well.

Apple. Advertisement. CBS. Macintosh Superbowl Ad, 22 Jan. 1984. Television. It was a play on George Orwell's book, "1984". The ad debuted at the Superbowl at an unprecedented cost of $1.5 million and was directed by famous director, Ridley Scott. Apple II. Advertisement. Macmothership. Web. 20 Jan. 2012. These ads were created to market Apple II were placed in a variety of print magazines between 1977-1983. It was interesting to read them and get a sense of the messages being used at the time to sell personal computers. Macintosh. Advertisement. Newsweek Nov. 1984. Print. Apple used the post-election issue of Newsweek to focus on the Macintosh computer. They purchased all of the advertisement pages in the magazine and the Mac being lifted out of the "Mac Pack" is the 1st page of those ads.

Interviews with Steve Jobs

Isaacson, Walter. Steve Jobs. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2011. Print. This was an official autobiography and it was brutally honest in some cases like when he talked about Google and Bill Gates of Microsoft. The author told us stories (including some negative) that were not available anywhere else. I chose to include this in primary sources because there are so many interviews with Steve Jobs and the fact that it was authorized speaks to its legitimacy as a primary source. Morris, Betsy. "What Makes Apple Golden? An Exclusive Interview with Steve Jobs." Fortune 17 Mar. 2008. Web.

Steve Jobs was interviewed by Fortune Magazine, while vacationing in Hawaii with his family. It was an excellent interview. There were several quotes that I either used or helped me in creating the website. Reinhardt, Andy. "Steve Jobs: "There's Sanity Returning" Businessweek.com. Bloomberg. Web. 25 May. 1998. This article was published right after the iMac was released, and Steve Jobs was fully back at Apple after being isolated. This interview had some quotes I used in the website. "Steve Jobs: Rolling Stone's 2003 Interview." Rollingstone.com. Rolling Stone. Web. 29 01 June. 2011. This was a great interview about how Apple got into the music business and created iTunes when so many other bigger companies had tried and failed. This showed me his vision and his persuasion skills at their best. "When Steve Met Bill: 'It Was a Kind of Weird Seduction Visit'" - Fortune Tech. CNN. Web. 24 Oct. 2011. This was an excerpt from the book Steve Jobs. The excerpt was focused on the relationship between the two technology pioneers. Originally I had put in lots of information because I was fascinated by the relationship between Bill Gates and Steve Jobs, but due to size limitations, I had to remove it. I included this annotation because I believe it is an important aspect of Steve Jobs. Wolff, Gary. "Steve Jobs: The Next Insanely Great Thing ." Wired.com. Conde Nast Digital. Web. Feb. 1996. Steve Jobs discussing how the internet will change everything in our everyday lives.

Video
An Interview With Steve Jobs | Watch NOVA Online | PBS Video." PBS.org. Public Broadcasting System. Web. 29 Feb. 2012. CBS News Online. "Jobs Unveils "iPad" YouTube. YouTube, 27 Jan. 2010. Web. 29 Feb. 2012. This was a CNET event in which Apple introduced the iPad. Listening to the reasoning, purpose and features of the iPad was very helpful in creating the mobile computing page. "Charlie Rose." - A Discussion with Steve Jobs and John Lasseter. Charlie Rose/Public Broadcasting System, 30 Oct. 1996. Web. 29 Feb. 2012. This was, in essence, initial overwhelming success of Pixar. Macworld. "Macworld Boston 1997-Full Version." YouTube. YouTube, Web. 29 Feb. 2012. Steve Jobs returned as CEO of Apple and convinced Bill Gates to donate $150 million to Apple which was almost in bankruptcy. The reaction by the crowd to Steve Jobs as well as Bill Gates was interesting and eye-opening, especially when they booed Bill Gates and he was actually helping to save the company. Macworld. "Macworld NY 1999-The First IBook Introduction." YouTube. YouTube, 30 Jan. 2006. Web. 29 Feb. 2012. The introduction of the first iBook gave me a quote to use. It also helped me to understand why this was so revolutionary. Macworld. "The First Apple Retail Store - Introduction by Steve Jobs." YouTube. YouTube, 19 May 2011. Web. 29 Feb. 2012. This was great because it showed Steve Jobs going through the first Apple Retail

store. He took the audience on a tour and the audience watched this very private man light up as he showed all the features of the store. Macworld. "Steve Jobs Keynote Macworld 2007 SF." YouTube. YouTube, 08 Dec. 2011. Web. 29 Feb. 2012. Watching Steve Jobs methodically take the audience through how and why they came up with the iPhone was very informative. From his speech and the reaction of the audience, it was obvious that this was revolutionary. Solipsism1000. "Steve Jobs Showcases Macintosh 24-JAN-1984." YouTube. YouTube, Web. 29 Feb. 2012. The quote "Insanely great" to describe the Apple Macintosh is found in this video among "Steve Jobs: The Lost Interview (Official Movie Site) - Starring Steve Jobs." Steve Jobs: The Lost Interview (Official Movie Site). Web. 29 Feb. 2012. Bob Cringley was making the TV mini series, Triumph of the Nerds, but did not release this interview until after Steve Jobs died, so to listen to him as a young man at a different time was fascinating. Steve Jobs was very open, not rehearsed. other places that I saw it as it has become very well known, just like One More Thing. "Steve Jobs - One Last Thing." PBS. Web. 29 Feb. 2012. This was an incredible source. I watched it several times as they interviewed all types of people who were closely involved with Steve Jobs at different times of his life. I learned so much about him and his contributions as well as his failings. This was what I based my entire project off of. Stanford University. "Steve Jobs' 2005 Stanford Commencement Address." YouTube.

YouTube, 07 Mar. 2008. Web. 29 Feb. 2012. This commencement address is the only time that I could find where Steve Jobs is facing his illness and possible death and talking about the most important lessons he has learned. It is the only interview that has nothing to do with Apple or technology. "The iPad: Past, Present, Future." The Wall Street Journal. Dow Jones & Company, 07 June 2010. Web. 29 Feb. 2012. Walt Mossberg, Wall Street Journal's technology editor, was one of a handful of journalists that Steve Jobs actually liked and trusted, so their interaction seems very authentic. I used this to better understand the impact of the iPad at the All Things Digital Conference.

Music
Lennon, John, Paul McCartney, Revolution Comes the Sun." The Beatles. EMI Records, 2009. MP3. I used this in the home page because Steve Jobs loved the Beatles and this song, Revolution, captures the theme of his life, the website and History Day. Lennon, John, Paul McCartney, George Harrison, Ringo Starr, Billy Preston, and George Martin. "Hello Goodbye." The Beatles. EMI Records, 2009. MP3. This was used in the conclusion when I created a short movie about his life. Lennon, John, Paul McCartney, George Harrison, Ringo Starr, Billy Preston, and George Martin. "Here Comes the Sun." The Beatles. EMI Records, 2009. MP3. This song is a happy, good-feeling song, and a very good choice. Snoop Dogg. "Imagine." The Blue Carpet Treatment. Koch Records, 2007. Web.

The song was used in an iPod commercial and is an instrumental with both piano and drums, do not pay attention to artist, the song does not reflect it.

Secondary Sources
Articles
Allen, Gary. "Apple Retail: Quotes." Ifo-roadtrip.com. Web. I struggled with whether to put this under Primary or Secondary sources because it is a collection of quotes regarding Apples Retails stores from a variety of different sources. The source is the most comprehensive that I could find dealing directly with Apples retail stores. I chose to put it under secondary sources because many of the quotes are not from Steve Jobs but others associated with Apples retail operations. Also, since the author did not get them directly from Steve Jobs, I believed this was better under Secondary sources. Ankeny, Jason. "10 Billion Downloads and Counting." Fiercedeveloper.com. 26 Jan. 2011. Web. 5 Feb. 2012. Very helpful in researching iTunes and how successful it has been. Burlingham, Bo, and George Gendron. "The Entrepreneur of the Decade." Inc. 1 Apr. 1989. Web. Steve Jobs was considered to be the entrepreneur of the decade in 1989, when he had founded Apple and NeXT and had been forced to leave Apple. This was very helpful in telling the story of Steve Jobs and why he was considered the entrepreneur of the 1980s. Later I read an article where he was named Entrepreneur of the Decade, but for the 2000's. Historical context of these two

articles was astounding. Burrows, Peter, and Ronald Grover. "Steve Jobs, Movie Mogul." Business Week 23 Nov. 1998. Businessweek.com. Bloomberg. Web. Reading about Pixar and the hurdles it went through before its first hit was eyeopening, since I have always known Pixar as a big successful company. Lashinsky, Adam, and Burke Doris. "The Decade of Steve." Fortune 23 Nov. 2009. Fortune.com. Web. I read this article after I read the 1989 "Entrepreneur of the Decade" article. Twenty years later and he was named again showed me how much he had impacted history. Leonard, Devin. "Songs in The Key of Steve." Fortune 12 May 2003. Web. This article was about music and how so many companies had tried to deal with the digital stealing of music, the decline of sales, and the MP3 player. But Steve Jobs was able to get all the music companies.. Liebmann, Wendy. "Steve Jobs Other Legacy: How the iStore Reinvented Retailing." Forbes.com 15 Nov. 2011. Web. This article helped me understand the environment in which Steve opened the retail stores. It showed how crazy it was to open retail stores when all computers were being sold online and prices were falling. Even his board was not behind his idea, especially because Apple didnt even have enough products to fill the stores. Schlender, Brent. "Apple's 21st Century Walkman." Fortune 12 Nov. 2001. CNNMoney. Cable News Network, 12 Nov. 2001. Web. 29 Feb. 2012. I used this article extensively when discussing how Apple changed the music

industry. Schlender, Brent. "Pixar's Magic Man." Fortune 29 May 2006. Print. This is an article by the same author as Steve Jobs Amazing Movie Adventures, but this is after Pixar became so successful. Schendler, Brent, and Jane Furth. "Steve Jobs' Amazing Movie Adventure." Fortune 18 Sept. 1995. Web. This article did a great job of helping me fully understand the ups and downs that Pixar faced in arriving at their success and Steve Jobs role in the company. The fact that he bought the company for its software, not its movie making, which ultimately is what they succeeded at was very lucky for him.

Websites
Callaghan, Beth, and Drake Martinet. Steve Jobs Through the Years: Highlights and clips from the D conference. All ThingsD.com. 26 Aug. 2011. Web. The digital conference is a big event in the Tech world Dernbach, Christoph. "The History of the Apple Macintosh." Mac-History.net. 24 Jan. 2011. Web. 30 Jan. 2012. This source was basically just an article describing the Apple Macintosh. Martinelli, Nicole. "We Told You So: Apple Store Highest Grossing Retailer on Fifth Avenue." Cultofmac.com. Web. This gave me the statistic that I used on my website regarding Apple being the highest grossing retailer per square foot, beating out Tiffanys. "Steve Jobs And The Apple Story." Investopedia The Webs Largest Investing Resource. 09 Jan. 2012. Web. 1 Feb. 2012.

This article focused on Steve Jobs impact on various industries. difficulties he had at Apple and how his arrogance was part of his downfall. York, Josh Quittner With Reporting Rebecca Winters/New. "Apple's New Core." Time. Time, 14 Jan. 2002. Web. 01 Mar. 2012. Steve Jobs talks about reinventing the role of the personal computer and figuring out what people want the computer to do is more important than what the computer does. He discusses having total control of the process so Apple can create a seamless experience. Young, Jeffrey S., and William L. Simon. Icon: Steve Jobs, the Greatest Second Act in the History of Business. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2005. Print. I chose to put this under secondary sources because it was an unauthorized biography therefore, any quotes were from other sources. It helped me understand his life better especially, the

Images
Apple. Itunes logo. Digital Image. 2001. Web. Apple has images dating back to 2000, so that is where I pulled the iTunes logo from. This logo is well known to anyone with an iPod, iPhone, or iPad. iPod slideshow images, Photographs. Ipodhistory.com. 2001-2010. This site has a slew of images and an in-depth history by year. It was very interesting seeing some of the old ipods that I vaguely remember seeing but have never owned. I used a portion of the collection in my slideshow. Janoff, Ronald. Original Apple Logo. Digital image. Edibleapple. Web. 5 Nov. 2011. The Apple logo was put into place in 1976 and was the logo for 22 years until Steve Jobs returned to Apple. In 1998, he scrapped this logo and instituted the

current monochromatic logo. Kuo, Robert. "Kuo Design | Steve Jobs on Magazine Covers." Kuo Design. Web. 01 Mar. 2012. There are 133 Magazine Covers with Steve Jobs smiling face on them. There may be more but Mr. Kuo has the most exhaustive library of this that I have found. Miller, Warren. Vinyl Records and CDs. Digital image. Ehow. Web. This ehow site was how to take vinyl records to cd and I thought that was truly appropriate for the information on this page. Pixar Characters. Digital Image. Money.cnn.com. CNN, 31 Oct. 2005. Web. This picture shows all the famous Pixar characters from the hit movies. I liked the way the image added to the look and feel of this page on the website. I found the picture while reading a story on the CNN/Money site about Jobs selling Pixar to Disney. Pixar Lamp and Steve Jobs. 2011. Photograph. ZDNet. Web. This photo shows Steve Jobs sitting under an animated lamp created by Pixar. It seemed perfect as Wally the Lamp seems to be helping and protecting Steve Jobs and that is what it seemed like Pixar did for him. It was not taken in 2011, that is when I accessed it from a website. Pixar Movie Revenues. Digital Image. Money.cnn.com. CNN, 24 May 2004. Web. Image showed the names and movie characters and box office revenue next to each. This was one of those pictures that is worth a thousand words. I thought it was a great way to express the information. Rand, Paul. Next Logo. Digital image. Paul-Rand. Web. 12 Jan. 2012.

The Next logo was developed by Paul Rand for Steve Jobs new company that he started after being forced out of Apple Computers. Seeff, Norman. Steve Jobs Holding the Macintosh. 1984. Photograph. Cupertino. Tech.Fortune.CNN. CNN, 20 Feb. 2012. Web. This is a famous photo shot by a South African photographer, who was hired to shoot the Macintosh design team. It was used on a Time magazine cover as well as Walter Issacson's authorized biography. Steve Jobs and the Apple II. 1977. Photograph. Apple Computers. Gizmodo. By Apple Computers. 24 Aug. 2011. Web. A file photo in Apple's archives found on many websites, showcasing the Apple II back in 1977. Steve Jobs and John Sculley discussing the Apple Macintosh. 24 Jan.1984. Photograph. United Press International. Web. This photo was taken at a shareholders meeting in which Apples Chairman, Steve Jobs and Apples President, John Sculley and shows the two men in happy times. I modified this photo and put a crack in the middle of it because that is a good representation of what happened in the relationship as Jobs was ousted Sculley and the board. Tama, Mario. Steve Jobs at Apple's 1st Retail Store. 2002. Photograph. Getty Images. The Atlantic. 6 Oct. 2011. Web. I liked this picture because it showed Steve Jobs at his first retail store in front of the "Genius Bar" The stores and the Genius bar have been a big success but everybody doubted it would work.

White, Kimberly. Steve Jobs & Steve Wozniak, 1977. 1977. Photograph. Retromek. Web. 6 Oct. 2011. This picture was taken in the beginning of Apple Computers with the two cofounders. It is a Reuters picture taken by Kimberly White. The long hair, circuit boards and black and white image sets a tone of the time.