Pg 144 chemistry 2.

1 exam questions 1a)i) Br2 2Br ii) Br2 Br+ + Br-iii) Homolytic Fission produces two radicals whereas Hetrolytic fission produces an electrophile and a nucleophile. 1b)i) Halogenation. ii)Structural isomers of Bromohexane are ; bromo-1-hexane, bromo-2-hexane and bromo3-hexane. 1c) H H H H H H C=C C2H5
C2H5

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C2H5

C---C+ C2H5 ---------> Br Br:

C2H5

C---C Br Br

C2H5

Br Br Reactants

Intermediate

3,4-dibromohexane

1d)i) The bromide atoms would be on the opposite sides of the molecule. ii) Because they have the same number of electrons/bonds and have the same atoms. 2a) Fractional distillation is the separation of the components in a liquid mixture into fractions which differ in boiling point ( and chemical composition) by means of distillation. 2d)i) 2,2-dimethylpentane. ii)

2e)i) A biofuel is a fuel that is made from recently living material such as plants or animal waste. ii) Biofuels are renewable as there will always be plants and animals dying and producing waste. 3a)i) Conditions for Halogenation are standard conditions ( 1atm, 25OC, 1moldm-3) ii) C4H10 + Cl+ + Cl- ---> C4H9Cl + Hcl 3b)i) 2,3-dichlorobutane. ii) Cl Cl

6a)i) an unsaturated hydrocarbon is a hydrocarbon with double bonds. ii) a= 109.5 b= 104.5 iii) The p orbitals overlap each other and become horizontal.