Kecemasan & Nutrisi

nelly mayulu

Latar Belakang
Beban global untuk penyakit-penyakit kronik dan gaya hidup turut memediasi penyakit tidak menular, seperti penyakit kardiovaskuler, obesitas, dan DM tipe-2 yang menjadi substansial telah secara luas merubah kebiasaan makan/diet dan exercise dari penduduk dinegara berkembang dan negara maju.

 Akibatnya terdapat asosiasi antara kebiasaan kualitas diet dan tingginya prevalensi gangguan mental meskipun juga ada beberapa hal perancu tak dapat dihindarkan. Dianjurkan untuk melakukan penelitian prosfektif

 Meskipun tinggi prevalens penyakit kronik yg terkait depresi dan anxiety namun juga diet dan nutrisi merupakan fundasi utama modulasi proses biologik penyakit depressi seperti INFLAMASI , PLASTICITY DAN FUNGSI OTAK, sisytem respons terhadap stress dan proses oksidatif, maka masih kurang bukti-bukti tentang pencegahan dan strategi pengobatan yang berdasarkan modifikasi diet.

Penelitian-penelitian
The correlation between the anxiety scale and number of cups of coffee or tea consumed per day is not significantly different from zero at any reasonable level. Taking account of the complex sample design usually lowers the level of significance since the design effect of the HANES sample is greater than one; even so we also calculated the significance of the correlation as if the sample design were simple random, but the correlation (.007) remained non-significant. Separate coefficients for six different sex-age groups are presented in Table 1. None of the correlations are significant.

 It is possible that consumption of caffeine is only related to symptoms of anxiety when it is greater than some threshold level. To study this possibility, the entire range of consumption is presented in Table 2 with the anxiety scale dichotomized to focus on those with relatively high levels of anxiety. In each of these two extreme categories, about 22-23 per cent of the group have scores revealing high levels of anxiety. There is some wiggling around of the results in the categories between the extremes, but the trend is about as flat as one can expect.

 Investigates social and lifestyle determinants of depression, anxiety, sleeping disorders and self-evaluated low quality of life in a population sample from the northwest of Russia.

 Anxiety is a complex feeling of uneasiness, fear and worry, which has been associated with pulmonary, cardiovascular and other adverse health conditions. The aim of this work is to examine the association of the anxious state with inflammation and coagulation factors, in persons free of cardiovascular disease

 This study revealed that anxiety was associated with inflammation and coagulation markers in cardiovascular disease-free people. This may raise a hypothesis of a pathway leading to increased cardiovascular events in anxious individuals

 Numerous data suggest that vitamin D plays an important role in the brain through induction of many CNS genes, modulation of neuroprotection, neurotrophins release and activity of key neuro-transmitter metabolism enzymes . The functions of vitamin D are mediated through nuclear vitamin D receptors (VDR), which are widely distributed through the nervous system

 There is mounting evidence that low levels of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) play a role in the pathophysiology of a number of psychiatric disorders. Preclinical studies have shown that n-3 PUFAs decrease anxiety like behaviors, but there is a paucity of information about their effects on anxiety in humans.

 In light of our observation that substance abusers have poor dietary habits and the strong association between anxiety disorders and substance use disorders, the possibility that the administration of supplements of n-3 PUFAs would decrease the anxiety level of a group of substance abusers was explored

 Patients who received n-3 PUFAs for 3 months showed a progressive decline in anxiety scores. This was not the case for patients who received placebos. A comparison of the 2 groups was significant (P = 0.010). Anxiety scores remained significantly decreased in the PUFA group for 3 months after treatment discontinuation. A comparison of the 2 groups followed for 6 months was also significant (P = 0.042).

 Sejumlah penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa defisiensi triptophan akut terjadi gejala depresi dan berakibat tidak baik pada perasaan. Folic acid deficiency dapat berkorelasi dengan depresi, teristimewa efek terhadap perasaan, dan kognisi seperti pada fungsi sosial. Pernah dilaporkan bahwa rendahnya kadar asam folat diasosiasikan dengan meningkatnya gejala depresi pada laki-laki usia pertengahan.

 treatment in pregnancy for depression, anxiety and/or hyperemesis, based on its dual action (serotonin and norepinephrine), efficacy in treating depression, and antagonism of 5HT-3.

 Parenting, including nonresponsive feeding styles, has been associated with risk of both underweight and overweight among young children. A responsive feeding style is embedded in an authoritative style of parenting and refers to an interaction in which the caregiver provides guidance, recognizes the child's cues of hunger and satiety, and responds in an age-appropriate and nurturant manner. Conversely, a controlling feeding style is embedded in an authoritarian style of parenting and includes practices such as pressuring children to eat more food and restricting children from certain amounts or types of food.

 Controlling feeding styles are associated with low child self-regulation of intake, feeding fussiness, low fruit and vegetable consumption, child dietary restraint, disinhibition, and childhood overweight. An indulgent feeding style GABA Deficiency Symptoms is embedded in an indulgent style of parenting, is often based exclusively on the child's wishes with little or no structure or guidelines, and may result in a diet low in vegetables and high in fat and sugar. An uninvolved feeding style is embedded in an uninvolved parenting style in which parents may be unengaged, ignore child feeding recommendations, and are insensitive to their children's dietary needs or cues.

 It could be that coffee and tea drinkers who suffer symptoms of anxiety stop drinking it. It could be that the effects of caffeine consumption are limited to a very short time period after consumption, and do not endure for as long as one month. Or it could be that other sources of caffeine, such as that from soft drinks, produce anxiety symptoms, independently of coffee or tea drinking. But in all these circumstances, as well as many others that we have considered, one would expect some sort of positive relationship of coffee and tea intake to the symptoms of anxiety studied here, and none of our analyses revealed even a remote suggestion of an association.

 Maternal mental health, including symptoms of stress, depression, or anxiety, can interfere with responsive parenting. Although feeding practices are a fundamental component of parenting, the relationship between maternal mental health and feeding styles has not been well explored. The objective of this study is to assess how maternal mental health (including symptoms of stress, depression, or anxiety) is related to feeding styles among mothers and infants. We hypothesize that mothers who report more symptoms of stress, depression, or anxiety report less responsive (e.g. more controlling, indulgent, and uninvolved) feeding styles than mothers who report fewer symptoms of stress, depression, or anxiety.

 Mothers who perceive their infants as having difficult temperaments may experience greater parenting challenges than those who perceive their infants to be easy-going. Thus, mothers' perceptions of the infant's temperament may also be related to maternal mental health and feeding. We hypothesize that maternal perception of infant temperament moderates the relationship between feeding styles and symptoms of stress, depression, or anxiety such that mothers with maternal mental health symptomatology who perceive their infants to be temperamentally difficult or fussy are more likely to use nonresponsive feeding styles than mothers with neither or only one condition.

Nutrition Therapy for Anxiety Disorders

- It is well-known that certain foods and substances tend to create additional stress and anxiety, while others promote a calmer and steadier mood. - Certain natural substances have a direct calming effect and others are known to have an antidepressant effect.

Stimulants Caffeine coffee, tea, alcohol, coke stimulate an adrenal response in your body, which can provoke anxiety, nervousness and insomnia to name a few side effects. They also deplete the body of necessary vitamins and minerals that help balance our mood and nervous system. Recommended dosage less than 100mg per day (one cup of percolated coffee or two diet cola beverages per day. Less than 50mg per day is preferable. Nicotine this is as strong as caffeine it stimulates increased physiological arousal, vasoconstriction and makes your heart work harder. Smokers tend to be more anxious than non-smokers and tend to sleep less well than non-smokers. Stimulant Drugs beware of prescription drugs that contain caffeine and amphetamines, and recreational drugs such as cocaine that increase levels of anxiety and panic attacks in people using them.

Salt Salt depletes the body of potassium, a mineral important to the proper functioning of the nervous system. Salt raises blood pressure that in turn puts a strain on the heart and arteries and hastens arteriolosclerosis. Recommended dosage do not excess 1gm of salt per day. Preservatives There are over 5000 chemical additives in commercial food processing. Our bodies are not equipped to handle these, and little is known about long term biological effects. Try and eat whole unprocessed foods as much as possible. Try to purchase vegetables and fruit that haven't been treated with pesticides (organically grown).

 Hormones in Meat Most commercially forms of meat have been fed hormones to promote fast weight gain and growth. One hormone diethylstilbestrol (DES) has been implicated in the development of breast cancer and fibroid tumors. Try to replace red meat, pork and poultry with organically raised beef, poultry and fish such as cod, salmon, snapper, sole, trout. Sweet, refined foods Reduce intake of sweet refined foods as these affect the blood sugar that can lead to anxiety and mood swings while also affecting how the brain functions. MSG MSG from Chinese takeaway should be avoided as it can have a major irritating effect on the nervous system producing the following: headaches, tingling, numbness and chest pains. Drink Soda Water Soda water increases the levels of carbon dioxide that helps the body to become balanced when someone is hyperventilating. Soda water also decreases smooth muscle contractions and dilates blood vessels, which allows blood to flow easily around the body.

GABA's role in the brain's delicate balancing act is crucial. It assists in regulating the body's internal rhythm while it helps people manage stress and maintain mental focus. GABA Deficiency Wreaks Havoc On The Brain As one of the primary neurotransmitters in the brain, GABA is an inhibitory (vs. excitatory) chemical responsible for creating the calming, rhythmic electrical impulses in the brain. It elevates the production of alpha waves associated with feeling relaxed (without drowsiness) and boosts mental alertness. GABA lowers beta waves, impulses that contribute to a state of nervousness, racing thoughts and hyperactivity.

 While a balanced brain receives regular, smooth electrical impulses, a GABA deficient one receives them in spurts. As a result, the brain experiences arrhythmia, or dysrhythmia which directly affects overall emotional well-being. 3 Ways to Naturally Increase GABA To avoid taking prescription anti-anxiety medications or to *reduce dosing in prescriptions such as Xanax, Ativan or Valium, consider the following natural alternatives

 Naturally decrease anxiety by elevating the brain's built-in Valium, GABA, with GABA-rich foods and with L-theanine, an amino acid found in green tea.

GABA Deficiency Symptoms

A calming or "peacemaker" chemical in the brain, GABA induces relaxation, reduces stress and anxiety, and increases focus. One of the four key neurotransmitters, GABA also serves to keep all the other neurotransmitters in check. A deficiency can lead to:
Anxiety symptoms Irritability Headaches Hypertension Palpitations Seizures Lower sex drive Disorders of the heart

Food Allergies
Be aware to check for food allergies as they can be one of the main causes of many emotional problems.

Food to eat to reduce anxiety and maintain calm state Wholegrain cereals Brewers yeast Asparagus Carrots Onions Garlic Beetroot Eggs Spinach Fish Paw paw Molasses Celery Wheat germ Stone fruit Avocado

Stressful Eating Habits

Stress and anxiety can be aggravated not only by what you eat, but the way you eat. Any of the following habits can aggravate your daily level of stress: Eating too fast or on the run Not chewing food at least 15-20 times per mouthful Eating too much to the point of feeling stuffed or bloated Drinking too much fluid with a meal which can dilute stomach acid and digestive enzymes (one cup with a meal is sufficient) These behaviours put strain on your stomach and intestines in their attempt to properly digest and assimilate food. This increases stress in two ways: Directly through indigestion, bloating, and cramping Indirectly through malabsorption of essential nutrients

Nutrition Therapy for Anxiety Disorders

Nutrients There are specific nutrients which can decrease anxiety. These include: Magnesium aids with muscle relaxation, maintenance of the heart muscle, neuromuscular transmission and widening of the blood vessels. A deficiency of magnesium can cause
Agitation Anxiety Behavioral disturbances Confusion Cold hands and feet Depression Insomnia Restlessness /gelisah

B Complex Vitamins: these are the spark plugs (busi) for our body. They help provide energy by acting with enzymes to convert major nutrients such as carbohydrates to energy forms. They are important for the normal function of the nervous system and are helpful in bringing relaxation or energy to individuals who are stressed or fatigued. A deficiency of certain B vitamins will cause:
Fatigue Irritability Nervousness Depression Insomnia Loss of appetite

 Calcium works with maintenance of electrolyte balance, muscle contractions, nerve transmission, regulation of cell division, hormone secretion and bone and teeth formation. A deficiency can cause:
Agitation Depression Heart palpitations Insomnia Irritability