Alex Willis 8th Physical Science, 4th Hour May 10, 2011

Chapter 20 Assessment

1. A material has a net electric charge because it C. An excess or shortage of electrons. 2. Static electricity is the study of A. Buildup of charges. 3. A strong electric field is A directed toward a charge 4. What is a material called that easily carries a current? D. Conductor 5. A superconducting material C. has no resistance at low temperatures 6. What does Ohms law state? D. Voltage equals current times resistance. 7. Which melts to protect a circuit? D. Fuse 8. What does I represent in the equation P=I*V? C. Current 9. The output of a diode can be A. Direct current 10. Three layers of semiconductor material can form A. A transistor only 11. How does the electric force between two charged objects change if you double the distance between the objects? The electric force decreases.

12. What determines the direction of the electric field near a charge? The direction of the force on a positive charge 13. How can a charged object cause charges to move within an uncharged object? The charged object can charge the uncharged object through friction, contact, or induction. 14. If the current in a circuit is clockwise, what is the direction of electron flow? Counterclockwise

15. Explain why a wire becomes warmer when charges flow through it. The collision of electrons creates thermal energy. 16. Does voltage flow in a circuit? Explain. No, voltage is the measurement of potential difference in an electric field. 17. Does the same current pass through each bulb? Explain why or why not. Yes, There is only one battery. 18. What happens to the other bulbs if bulb A burns our? If bulb B burns out? If bulb A burns out, nothing will happen to bulbs B or C; but if bulb B goes out, bulb C will also go out while bulb A will stay lit. 19. A battery and a light bulb are connected in a simple circuit. What is the source of electrons that flow through the wire? The battery. 20. Explain why a light bulb does not change its brightness when another bulb is added in a parallel. The charge in a parallel circuit has more than one route in the circuit. The circuit to the first bulb does not change.

21. What are digital and analog signals? Digital signals encode information as a string of 1s and 0s. Analog signals are varying signals produced by continuously changing the strength or frequency of the signal.