Agricultural Biotechnology

Made By

Deepak Saini Student At DTU 2K10/BT/004

AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY

WHAT IS AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY?

Collection of scientific techniques used to improve plants, animals and microorganisms. Developed solutions to increase agricultural productivity. Biotechnology enables improvements that are not possible with traditional crossing of related species alone.

WHAT IS GENETICALLY MODIFIED ORGANISM?

An organism that has been modified, or transformed, using modern biotechnology techniques of genetic exchange is referred to as a GENETICALLY MODIFIED ORGANISM (GMO).

HOW IS AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY USED?

GENETIC ENGINEERING MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS TI SSUE CULTURE BIOFERTILLISERS

HOW IS AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY USED?

GENETIC ENGINEERING
Technique in which genes moved from one organism to another. The process allows the transfer of useful characteristics into a plant, animal or microorganism by inserting genes (DNA) from another organism.

HOW IS AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY USED? MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS

METHODS TO DETECT GENES OR GENE PRODUCTS THAT ARE VERY PRECISE AND SPECIFIC. USED IN AGRICULTURE TO MORE ACCURATELY DIAGNOSE CROP/LIVESTOCK DISEASES.

HOW IS AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY USED?

TISSUE CULTURE

It is regeneration of plants in the laboratory from disease-free plant parts. This technique allows for the reproduction of disease -free planting material for crops. Examples of crops include citrus, pineapples, avocados, mangoes, bananas, coffee and papaya.

HOW IS AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY USED? BIOFERTILLISERS

BASED ON MICRO-ORGANISM WHICH CAN ABSORBS GASEOUS NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS FROM ATMOSPHERE AND MAKE AVAILABLE TO PLANTS. MATERIAL CONTAINING THOSE ORGANISM CALLED FERTILLISERS

Who regulates agricultural biotechnology?

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

Who regulates agricultural biotechnology?

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURES ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE

Who regulates agricultural biotechnology?

FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION

WHAT ARE NEW PRODUCTS OF AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY?

INSECT RESISTANT CROPS COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE, E.G., BT CORN, COTTON, AND POTATOES CORN ROOTWORM RESISTANCE IN 2001?

WHAT ARE NEW PRODUCTS OF AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY?

HERBICIDE TOLERANT CROPS, E.G., ROUNDUP READY SOYBEANS AND CORN AND LIBERTY LINK CORN

WHAT ARE NEW PRODUCTS OF AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY?

ANIMAL GROWTH HORMONES, E.G., bST

GM crops :

Global status (2005)

Developing countries : 11 Industrial countries : 10 Countries joining the GM club in 2005 (Iran, Portugal, France & Czech Republic) No. of EU countries growing GM (2005) : 3 to 5 (Spain & Germany) No. of farmers growing GM crops globally : 8.5 million No. of Indian farmers growing GM crops : 1 million First triple gene product (maize) released in US in 2005

Global area of Biotech crops in 2005 (Million hectares)

S. No. Country Area Crops

1.
2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

USA
Argentina Brazil Canada China Paraguay India South Africa Uruguay Australia

49.8 (55%) Soybean, Maize, Cotton, Canola, Squash, Papaya

17.1 (19%) Soybean, Maize, Cotton 9.4 (10%) Soybean 5.8 (6%) Canola, Maize, Soybean 3.3 (4%) Cotton 1.8 (2%) Soybean 1.3 (1%) Cotton 0.5 (1%) Maize, Cotton, Soybean 0.3 (< 1%) Maize, Soybean 0.3 (< 1%) Cotton

Global area of Biotech crops in 2005 (Million hectares)

S. No. Country 11. 12. 13. 14. Mexico Romania Philippines Spain Area 0.1 (< 1%) 0.1 (< 1%) 0.1 (< 1%) 0.1 (< 1%) Crops Soybean, Cotton Soybean Maize Maize

15.
16. 17.

Colombia
Iran Honduras

< 0.1
< 0.1 < 0.1

Cotton
Rice Maize

18.
19. 20. 21.

Portugal
Germany France Czech Republic

< 0.1
< 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1

Maize
Maize Maize Maize

Biotech Industry in India (2004-05)

Segment Revenues ($ million) 2003-04 BioPharma BioServices 625.45 62.50 Market Share (%) 2004-05 2003-04 2004-05 811.36 96.59 79.19 7.91 75.24 8.96 Growth (%) 29.72 54.55

BioAgri
BioIndustrial Bioinformatics Total Industry Size

29.55
54.09 18.18 789.77

75.00
72.73 22.73 1078.41

3.74
6.85 2.30 100.00

6.95
6.74 2.11 100.00

153.85
34.45 25.00 36.55

BioPharma corners three-fourth of Indian market ($811 million out of $1070 million)

WILL AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY HAVE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL IMPACTS?

Yes it is... Crops improved using biotechnology have been used safely, with benefits such as the reduction of pesticide use. Influencing the health and welfare of farmers and other citizens

What should I consider before adopting GMO crops?

Technology fee Probability of a pest problem Return of GMO vs non-GMO Is there a market?

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

Do genetically engineered foods cause food allergies?

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

Are foods made from biotechnology products or processes different from conventional foods?

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

What are the potential environmental risks in using biotechnology products on farms?

THANK YOU