1

TNH TON CC MM CHU LC NGANG

C XT NH HNG CA LC DC TRC
BNG PHNG PHP MA TRN CHUYN TIP
Ts. Phan Dng

1. Gii thiu
1.1
Trong tnh ton mng cc, cc chu lc ngang l mt bi ton va mang tnh l
thuyt c bn va mang tnh thc hnh thc t. Nhng nt chnh pht trin cc nghin
cu v bi ton un ngang-dc ca cc c th xem trong [2] v [4].
1.2
i tng ca bi vit ny s l cc cc mm chu tc dng ca t hp ti trng
(thng ng, nm ngang v momen) ng trong nn bin dng n hi cc b nhiu
lp (xem hnh 1a). Bi ton nh th c th c gii theo hai s :
1.

S dm - gi: tng tc gia cc nn khi chu lc ngang c ri rc ha

vi nn bi cc gi chng chuyn v ngang v chng chuyn v xoay t ti
trung im ca mi on cc. Bng cch nh th, cc chu lc ngang trong nn
n hi c chuyn v dm lin tc nhiu nhp trn cc gi n hi nh hnh
1b.

2.

S dm - nn: tng tc gia cc nn khi chu lc ngang vn gi c tnh

lin tc nhng trong mi on cc, gi tr c trng cho h s nn l mt hng
s. Bng cch nh th, cc chu lc ngang trong nn n hi l mt dm trn
nn n hi vi h s nn c dng bc nh hnh 1c.

Trong qu trnh tnh ton, cn phn bit cc tham s c trng cho s tng tc
gia cc nn sau y:

H s t l ca h s nn, k (kN/m4);

H s phn lc nn, kz (kN/m3);

M un phn lc nn, Esz (kN/m2);

H s cng chng chuyn v ngang ca gi n hi, Cnz (kN/m);

H s cng chng chuyn v xoay ca gi n hi, Cqz (kNm/rad.).

1.3
Cc chu un ngang-dc theo s dm -gi c nghin cu k trong [2]
i vi nn bin dng tuyn tnh cng nh lm vic trong giai on n hi do nh
thut ton ma trn chuyn tip (MTCT). Bi ton un ngang dc ca cc theo s
dm nn c gii bng phng php phn t hu hn (PTHH) [5] [6].

2
Bi bo ny gii thiu kt qu ca vic ng dng phng php MTCT kho st
cc bi ton c bn ca cc chu lc ngang c xt nh hng ca lc ng theo s
dm nn.

Es1
Es2
Es3
Es4
Es5
Hnh 1: Cc s tnh ton ca cc chu lc ngang.
a. S cc t chu t hp ti trng;
b. S dm gi;
c. S dm-nn.

2. Ni dung c bn
2.1

Ni dung c bn ca phng php MTCT i vi s dm nn [1]:

1. Cc ma trn c bn.

Xt mt nhp dm th i, bi ton ny ta lm quen vi ma trn ct biu th trng

thi chuyn v ni lc ti tit din bt k ca dm, gi tt l vect trng thi. Ti hai
tit din u mt thanh th i l 0 v 1, vec t ny c dng:

0i = {u y 0i

x 0i

M x 0i

Q y 0 u 1}

(1)

1i = {u y 0i

x1i

M x1i

Q y1u 1}

(2)

Trong mt nhp dm, quan h gia hai vec t trng thi nu trn c xc nh
bng biu thc sau:
1i = L i 0i

(3)

y, L i l ma trn chuyn nhp, thc hin php bin i tuyn tnh vec t trng
thi 0i thnh vec t trng thi 1i .

3
ng thc (3) v thc cht l cng thc ca phng php thng s ban u trong
mn Sc bn vt liu c vit di dng ma trn.
2. Xc nh cc thng n s ban u:
T (1) ta thy bi ton cc chu lc ngang c 04 thng s ban u. Ph thuc
vo iu kin lin kt ti u cc (tit din O), thng c 02 thng s cha bit c
gi l thng n s. Vn ct li ca gii thut MTCT l xc nh gi tr cc thng n
s ny. Cch lm nh sau.
c Tm ma trn tch nh hng tng th Wn :

Nu p dng (3) vo s hnh 1c vi n nhp th nhn c:

Vi:

1n = L n L n 1 ...L i L i 1 ...L 2 L 1 01 = Wn 01

(4)

Wn = L n L n 1 ...L i L i 1 ...L 2 L 1

(5)

Ma trn Wn c cp ging ma trn L i

d Theo iu kin lin kt chn cc C, lp ma trn tuyn iu kin T1 v tnh:
Wn* = T1Wn

(6)

e Theo iu kin lin kt ti u cc, lp ma trn tuyn cc thng n s T2 v tm

ma trn cha cc phn t l h s ca phng trnh xc nh cc thng n s:
K = Wn*T2

(7)

f Theo cc thng s bit ti u cc, lp ma trn tuyn cc s hng t do ng

vi ma trn K, k hiu T3 v tm ma trn ct cha cc s hng t do:
W0 = Wn* T3 01

(8)

Trong : 01 l ma trn ct cha cc thng s ban u bit ti u cc.

g Tm ma trn ct cha cc thng n s ban u cn bit:
01 = K 1W0

(9)

h Sau khi c kt qu t (9), b sung cc gi tr tm c vo (1) xc nh vec

t trng thi ban u 0i ca ton h.

2.2

Cc ma trn chuyn nhp

1. i vi phn cc thuc chiu cao t do:
Trng hp un ngang:

1 h i

0 1
Li =

0 0
0 0
0 0

h i2
2EI
hi
EI
1
0
0

h 3i
u *y
3EI

h i2

*x
2EI

h i M *x
1
Q *y
0
1

(10)

Trng hp un nn:

sin
hi
1
a

cos a
0
Li =
0 Nh sin a
i

a
0
0

0
0

h i2 1 cos a
EI a 2
h i sin a
EI a
cos a
0
0

h 3i a sin a
EI a 3
h i2 1 cos a
EI a 2
sin a
hi
a
1
0

u *y

*x

*
Mx

*
Qy

(11)

Trng hp un ko:

sha
1 h i
a

cha
0
Li =
0 Nh sha
i

a
0
0

0
0

h i2 cha 1 h 3i sha a
*
u

y
EI a 2
EI a 3

h i sha
h i2 cha 1
*

x
EI a
EI a 2

sha
*
cha
hi
Mx

a
*
0
1
Qy

0
0
1

(12)

Trong : ct cui ca cc ma trn cha cc phn t chuyn v ni lc do ti

trng ngoi gy ra;
hi: chiu di nhp th i;
a N
=
h i EI

0,5

2. i vi phn cc nm trong t:
Dng chung ca ma trn chuyn nhp nh sau:

5
L 11

L 21
L i = L
31

L 41
0

L 12

L 13

L 14

L 22
L 32
L 42
0

L 23
L 33
L 43
0

L 24
L 34
L 44
0

u *y

*x
M *x

Q *x
1

(14)

T kt qu trong [3] ta c cc cng thc c th sau y:

Trng hp un ngang:
L11 = L 22 = L 33 = L 44 = f 1
1
(f 2 + f 3 )
2
1
L13 = L 24 = 2 f 4
2 EI
1
L14 = 3 (f 3 f 2 )
4 EI
1
L 23 =
(f 2 + f 3 )
2EI
L12 =

L 31 = 2 2 EIf 4
L 32 = EI(f 2 f 3 )
L 34 =

1
(f 2 + f 3 )
2

L 41 = 2 3 EI(f 2 + f 3 )
L 42 = 2 2 EIf 4
L 43 = (f 2 f 3 )

Trong :
E
= si
4 EI

(15)

0 , 25

(16)

ESi : modun phn lc nn c th nguyn kN / m 2 .

f 1 = chh i cos h i
f 2 = shh i cos h i

f 3 = chh i sin h i
f 4 = shh i sin h i

(17)

6
Trng hp un nn:

f
f
1

L 12 = L 34 = 3 + 2

2 a
b

L 13 = L 24 = 3 f 4

f
f

L 14 = 4 3 2

b
a

2
2
2
2

a +b
a +b
L 21 = L 43 =
f2
f3

2a
2b

2
2

b a
L 22 = L 33 = f 1 +
f4

2ab

L 23 = 3 (af 2 + bf 3 )

(a 2 + b 2 ) 2

L 31 = L 41 =
EIf 4

2ab

b 2 3a 2
a 2 3b 2

L 32 =
f3
f 2 EI

2b

2a

2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
L 41 = b(b 3a ) + a (a 3b )1 f 2 + a (a 3b ) b(b 3a )1 f 3 EI +

2
2
2
2

a +b
a +b
f2
+ N
f 3

2
b
2
a

Trong cng thc ny:

L 11 = L 44 = f 1 1 f 4

{[

] [

E 0,5
N
a = si +

4EI
4EI

E 0,5 N
b = si

4EI
4EI

(18)

] }

0,5

(19)

0,5

(20)

1 =

b2 a 2
2ab

(21)

3 =

1
2abEI

(22)

4 =

1
2

2(a + b 2 )EI

f1 = chbh i cos ah i
f 2 = shbh i cos ah i

f3 = chbh i sin ah i
f 4 = shbh i sin ah i

(23)

(24)

7
Trng hp un ko:

f2 f3
L 12 = L 34 = 0,5 +

b
a

L 13 = L 24 = 3 f 4

f3 f2
L 14 = 4

b a

2
2
2
2

a +b
a +b
L 21 = L 43 =
f2
f3

2a
2b

2
2

a b
L 22 = L 33 = f 1 +
f4

2ab

L 23 = 3 (bf 2 + af 3 )

(a 2 + b 2 ) 2

L 31 = L 42 =
EIf 4

2ab

a 2 3b 2
b 2 3a 2

L 32 =
f3
f 2 EI

2a
2b

2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
L 41 = a (a 3b ) + b(b 3a ) 6 f 2 + b(b 3a ) a (a 3b ) 6 f 3 EI +

2
2
2
2

a +b

a +b
f2
f 3
+ N

2b

2a

L 11 = L 44 = f 1 6 f 4

{[

] [

(25)

] }

Trong trng hp ny, cc h s: a, b, 3 v 4 ging nh un nn. Cc i

lng cn li tnh nh sau:
a 2 b2
2ab
f 1 = chah i cos bh i
f 2 = shah i cos bh i

f 3 = chah i sin bh i
f 4 = shah i sin bh i

6 =

2.3

(26)

(27)

Li gii ca MTCT i vi ba bi ton cc mm chu lc ngang:

Da vo nhng ni dung c bn v cc ma trn chuyn nhp trnh by trn

gii ba bi ton sau y:
1. Bi ton th nht: xc nh trng thi chuyn v ni lc ca cc chu lc
ngang c xt nh hng ca lc dc trc.

ngha: Ti mt tit din bt k z, trng thi chuyn v ni lc bao gm:

chuyn v ngang yz, chuyn v xoay Z , momen un Mz, lc ct Qz, v phn
lc t pz. Nhng i lng ny c dng kim tra cc trng thi gii
hn ca cc.

iu kin tnh:

Lin kt u cc: t do.

T hp ti trng u cc: lc ngang Q, momen M v lc dc N (nn

hoc ko).

Lin kt chn cc: ty thuc iu kin thit k.

Cc ma trn:

Ma trn tuyn iu kin T1 c cu trc ph thuc vo iu kin lin kt

chn cc.

Ma trn tuyn n T2 ph thuc vo iu kin lin kt u cc: t do, c

cu trc:
1 0
0 1
(28)
T2 = 0 0

0 0
0 0

Ma trn tuyn cc s hng t do T3 ph thuc hai thng s bit u

cc l M v Q, c cu trc:
0 0
0 0
(29)
T3 = 1 0

0 1
0 0

2. Bi ton th hai: Xc nh cng chng chuyn v ngang v chuyn v xoay

ca u cc c xt nh hng ca lc dc trc.

ngha: cng chng chuyn v ngang v chuyn v xoay l cc phn lc

momen v lc ct xut hin trong lin kt ngm ti u cc khi chu chuyn
v cng bc n v. Nhng i lng ny l tham s u vo tnh ton
mng cc theo s khung vi tr cc trong t.

iu kin tnh

Lin kt u cc: ngm cng.

T hp ti trng u cc: lc dc N (nn hoc ko).

Lin kt chn cc: ty thuc iu kin thit k.

Cc ma trn tuyn:

Ma trn tuyn iu kin T1: ging bi ton th nht.

Ma trn tuyn n T2

9
0
0
T2 = 1

0
0

0
0
0

1
0

Ma trn tuyn cc s hng t do T3:

1 0
0 1
T3 = 0 0

0 0
0 0

(30)

(31)

3. Bi ton th ba: Xc nh chiu di tng ng ca cc khi chu lc ngang,

cn gi l chiu di tnh ton chu un ca cc hay l chiu di chu un ca
cc c xt nh hng ca lc dc trc.

ngha: Chiu di chu un ca cc l chiu di mt thanh tng ng hai

u ngm cng c cng chng chuyn v ngang (nu bi ton th hai)
bng ca cc thc.
i lng ny l tham s u vo tnh mng cc theo s khung c tr
tng ng.

iu kin tnh:

Lin kt u cc: ngm trt

T hp ti trng u cc: lc ngang v dc trc N (nn hoc ko).

Lin kt chn cc: ty thuc iu kin thit k.

Cc ma trn tuyn:

Ma trn iu kin T1: ging bi ton th nht.

Ma trn tuyn n T2:
1
0
T2 = 0

0
0

0
0
1

0
0

Ma trn tuyn cc s hng t do T3:

0 0
1 0
T3 = 0 0

0 1
0 0

(32)

(33)

10
Ghi ch: bo m kt qu chnh xc, chiu di on cc trong t phi tha
mn iu kin ca Babanov v Perov [6].

3. V d:
3.1

V d 1: Kho st nh hng ca lc dc trc N n chuyn v-ni lc ca cc

chu lc ngang.
u bi

Cho mt cc ng thp ng trong nn t st ng nht vi cc s liu xut pht

nh trn hnh 2a. Yu cu xc nh chuyn v ni lc trong cc chu lc ngang vi
ba trng hp: un ngang di tc dng ca Q= 50kN v M=50kNm, un-nn: thm
lc nn dc trc N=1000kN v un ko: thm lc ko dc trc N=1000kN.

Hnh 2: Cc s tnh ton ca v d 1.

a. S liu cho trc ca v d;
b. Phn chia cc thnh nhiu on vi biu mo un phn lc nn;
c. S dm-nn tnh cc chu lc ngang.
Gii
1. S dm nn:
Trong trng hp chung, t kch thc cc v biu phn b h s nn theo
chiu su cho (H.2a) ta tm c biu phn b m un phn lc nn tng ng
(H.2b). Nu chia phn cc ngp trong t thnh nhiu on nh th s xc nh c
gi tr E SZ ti hai u mi on. Hnh 2c m t s dm nn ca v d cho vi

11
E Si l gi tr trung bnh cng ca E SZ trong mi on. Cch chia on nh th s

c nh gi mc chnh xc theo iu kin (30) trong [6] nh bng 1.

Bng 1: Kt qu kim tra iu kin (30) trong [6].
i

S th t
phn t

hi

E si

(m)

(kPa)

(m 1 )

1.2

5766

2.4

h i

nh gi

0.259

0.31

Tha

23064

0.366

0.878

Tha

2.4

46128

0.435

1.044

Tha

2.4

69192

0.481

1.155

Tha

24

92256

0.517

1.241

Tha

4.2

123616

0.557

2.337

Khng tha

179980

0.605

3.631

Khng tha

216225

0.64

1.92

Khng tha

2. Trng hp un ngang (ch trnh by ma trn kt qu):

Cc ma trn chuyn nhp
1 14,8 0,00034 0,00168 0
0 1 0,00005 0,00034 0
L1 = 0 0
1
14,8
0

0
0
0
1
0

0
0
1
0 0
2.35256
0.00000887 0.00000713
0.90124
0.16437
0.90124
0.0000073 0.0000089

L 2 = 65986.552 52989.339
0.90124
2.35256

0.90124
54259.525 65986.552 0.16437
0
0
0
0

1.19963
0.00000223 0.00000089
0.99845
0.00515
0.99845
0.0000037 0.0000022

L 3 = 4151.092 1660.535
0.99845
1.19963

0.99845
6917.061 4151.092 0.00515
0
0
0
0

0
0
0

0
1

0
0
0

0
1

2.30520
0.00000882 0.00000711
0.80275
0.32782
0.80275
0.0000072 0.0000088

L 4 = 131098.394 105678.622
0.80275
2.30520

0.80275
106334.335 131098.394 0.32782
0
0
0
0

0
0
0

0
1

12
2.25791
0.00000879 0.00000709
0.70455
0.49033
0.70455
0.0000070 0.0000088

L 5 = 195336.762 158068.120
0.70455
2.25791

0.70455
156229.583 195336.762 0.49033
0
0
0
0

0
0
0

0
1

2.21070
0.00000870 0.00000707
0.60662
0.65191
0.60662
0.0000069 0.0000087

L 6 = 258702.894 210158.104
0.60662
2.21070

0.60662
203950.419 258702.894 0.65191
0
0
0
0

0
0
0

0
1

0.17642
0.00001848 0.00003293 0
3.63433
4.08221
3.63433
0.0000005 0.0000185 0

L 7 = 738551.977 1315987.500 3.63433

0.17642
0

3.63433 0
21871.020 738551.977 4.08221
0
0
0
0
1

21.09484
0.00003757 0.00002717 0
16.67252
4.69954
16.67252
0.0000654 0.0000376 0

L 8 = 2094913.772 1514994.807 16.67252

21.09484 0

4.69954
16.67252 0
3648985.736 2094913.772
0
0
0
0
1

1.66609
0.00001188 0.00001306 0
1.19085
2.82442
1.19085
0.0000052 0.0000119 0

L 9 = 827749.631 910511.116 1.19085

1.66609
0

1.19085 0
360250.270 827749.631 2.82442
0
0
0
0
1

673653.6804
17.2142244
92.89576767
40459.45311
33873.40471
622967.5525
17.7272925
107.8820448

Wn = 3267369280
78673148905
2754607.455
19893471.77

4725091697 63115362308 1135765.885 2905918.644

0
0
0
0

0
0
0

0
1

Bn phn t u ca ct cui cng tt c cc ma trn ny u bng khng do

khng c ti trng ngoi tc ng trn nhp.
V chn cc lin kt t do nn ma trn tuyn iu kin T1 c dng:
0 0 1 0 0
T1 =

0 0 0 1 0
7867314890
2754607.455
19893471.77 0
3267369280
Wn* = T1 Wn =

4725091697 6311536230 1135765.885 2905918.644 0

78673148905
3267369280
K = Wn*T2 =

4725091697 62115362308
1132403961.250
Q = Wn*T3 =

4041684.529

13
0.33576
X = K 1Q =

0.02834

Vec t trng thi ti cc tit din c chia:

01 = {0.33576 0.02834 50 50 1}
02 = L1 01 = {0.01714 0.00906 790 50 1}
03 = L 2 02 = {0.00806 0.00608 792.6443 35.120 1}
04 = L 3 03 = { 0.00025 0.00133 422.0203 198.1350 1}
05 = L 4 04 = { 0.00096 0.00029 55.7750 96.0994 1}
06 = L 5 05 = { 0.00022 0.00022 35.8538 1.3136 1}
07 = L 6 06 = {3.0454E 05 2.064E 05 13.5046 10.9109 1}
08 = L 7 07 = {2.6794E 06 5.08462E 0 1.3513 0.4349 1}
09 = L 8 08 = {4.66648E 09 9.43176E 08 0.03915 0.02588 1}

Trng hp un ngang-dc:
Cch tnh cc chu un-nn, un-ko cng ging nh i vi un ngang. Mt s
kt qu chnh yu v chuyn v-ni lc khi cc chu un ngang dc ghi bng 2 v
c v thnh cc biu trn hnh 3. Nhng con s t v d ny cho thy rt r nh
hng ca lc dc trc n trng thi chuyn v-ni lc ca cc nh nu trong [2],
[5] v [6].
Bng 2: Chuyn v-ni lc khi cc chu un
Trng hp chu un
Chuyn v ni lc v v
Un ko Ung ngang
Un-nn
tr xut hin
N=1000Kn
N=0kN
N=1000kN
u y (m)
0.23869
0.33576
0.56702
u cc
x (rad)
-0.01999
-0.02834
-0.04832
u y (m)
0.0128
0.0174
0.02723
Mt t
x (rad)
-0.00664
-0.00906
-0.01772
M z (kNm)
p z (kN / m 2 )

3.2

Mt t
Z=-1,2m
Z=-1,2m
Z=-6,0m

564.11
574.44
45.458
-26.04

790
792.64
59.966
-35.712

1329.79
1313.8
93.372
-59.892

V d 2: Kho st nh hng ca lc dc trc N n cng chng chuyn v

ngang ca u cc:
u bi

14
S dng li s liu v cc v t nn cho trn hnh 2 xc nh gi tr cc
cng chng chuyn v ngang ca u cc c xt n lc dc trc cc N theo nguyn l
nu trong [7]. Gi tr ca lc dc trc N khng vt qu sc chu ti nn cho php
Pan = 3000kN v sc chu ti ko cho php Pak = 1300kN .
a)

b)

c)

d)

Hnh 3: Biu chuyn v ni lc ca cc chu lc ngang c xt nh hng lc dc.

a_ Chuyn v ngang; b_ Phn lc nn*; c_ Momen un; d_ Lc ct.
c: un ko, d: un ngang, e: un ko.

*: gi tr th tng 1,55 ln.

15

Hnh 4: S xc nh cng chng chuyn v u cc c xt nh hng lc dc trc.

a. S dm nn;
b. S xc nh Mu v Qu;
c. S xc nh M v Q.
Gii
1. Hnh 4 m t s dm-nn gii bi ton th hai cng vi hai s nguyn
tc xc nh mt b gm 04 phn lc trong lin kt ngm u cc do cc
chuyn v cng bc n v gy ra di tc dng ca lc dc trc; tm tt nh
sau:

Khi u=1 v = 0 th thu c cc phn lc lin kt, k hiu: Mu v Qu

(H.4b)

Khi u=0 va = 1 th thu c cc phn lc lin kt, k hiu M v Q

(H.4c).

2. kho st nh hng ca lc dc trc N n gi tr cc cng chng chuyn

v u cc Mu, Qu, M v Q, ta chia ra ba trng hp chu un.

Un ngang: N=0

Un-nn:lc dc trc N bin thin trong khong t 0 n 3000kN.

16

Un-ko: lc dc trc N bin thin trong khong t 0 n 1300kN.

Kt qu tnh ton ghi bng 3 v v nn th hnh 5: tt c cho thy, i vi cc

chu lc ngang c xt, lc dc trc nh hng rt ng k n cng chng
chuyn v u cc.
Bng 3: Gi tr cc cng chng chuyn v u cc c xt nh hng ca lc dc trc N.
N
(kN)

Mu (kN.m/m)
Ko

Nn

Qu (kN/m)
Ko

Nn

M (kN/rad)
Ko

Nn

Q (kN.m/rad)
Ko

Nn

-5792.05 -5792.05

637.769 637.769 5792.048 5792.048 -70390.2 -70390.2

200

-5811.09 -5774.83

650.738 625.114

5811.03

5774.821 -70873.5 -69914.8

400

-5830.08 -5757.55

663.698 612.444 5829.958

5757.53 -71354.3 -69436.8

600

-5849.02 -5740.21

676.65

800

-5867.9

-5722.82

689.594 587.068 5867.651 5722.788 -72308.1 -68473.3

1000 -5886.72 -5705.37

702.529 574.361 5886.417 5705.336 -72781.3 -67987.6

1300 -5914.85

-5679.1

721.917 555.277 5914.465 5679.057 -73486.5 -67254.2

1600

-5652.71

536.165

5652.654

-66514.7

1800

-5635.04

523.408

5634.983

-66018.3

2000

-5617.32

510.638

5617.257

-65519.2

2200

-5599.55

497.855

5599.475

-65017.2

2400

-5581.71

485.059

5581.637

-64512.4

2600

-5563.82

472.251

5563.743

-64004.7

2800

-5545.87

459.429

5545.792

-63494.1

3000

-5527.87

446.594

5527.748

-62980.5

599.762 5848.832 5740.186 -71832.4 -68956.3

17
a)
-5500
-5550
-5600

un nn
Mu (kNm/m)

-5650
-5700

un ngang: Mu = -5792.048 kNm/m

-5750
-5800
-5850

un ko

-5900
-5950
0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

N (kN)

b)
750

un ko
700

un ngang: Qu = 637.769 kN/m

Qu (kN/ m)

650

600

550

un nn
500

450

400
0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

N (kN)

Hnh 5: th quan h gi tr cng chng chuyn v ngang u cc ph thuc

vo lc dc trc N.
a_ Phn lc momen un Mu;

b_ Phn lc lc ct Qu.

18
3.3

V d 3: Kho st nh hng ca lc dc trc N n chiu di chu un ca cc:

u bi

Vn s dng s liu v cc v t nn cho hnh 2 tm gi tr ca chiu di

chu un Lu v momen ngm M ng c xt nh hng ca lc dc trc N theo nguyn l
nu trong [7].
Gii
1. Hnh 6 m t s dm nn gii bi ton th ba cng vi s nguyn tc
xc nh chuyn v ngang ca u cc lin kt ngm trt di tc dng ca
lc ngang Q = 50kN c xt nh hng ca lc dc trc N.

Hnh 6: S xc nh chiu di chu un c xt nh hng lc dc trc.

a. S dm-nn,
b. S xc nh chiu di chu un v momen ngm.
2. Cch kho st nh hng ca lc dc trc n gi tr ca chiu di chu un Lu
v momen ngm M ng cng ging nh bi ton th hai. Kt qu tnh ton thu
c ghi bng 4 v v nn cc th hnh 7 v 8.
Cc con s t v d ny mt ln na cho thy, lc dc trc c nh hng ng k
n Lu v M ng .

19
Bng 4: Gi tr ca Lu v M ng c xt nh hng ca lc dc trc
N
(kN)

Trng hp chu lc dc trc

Nn

Ko

Lu (m)

M ng (kN.m)

Lu (m)

M ng (kN.m)

18.24

-454.09

18.24

-454.09

200

18.36

-461.902

18.12

-446.5

400

18.49

-470.047

18

-439.212

600

18.61

-478.541

17.88

-432.204

800

18.75

-487.407

17.77

-425.46

1000

18.89

-496.672

17.66

-418.966

1200

19.03

-506.362

17.55

-412.708

1300

19.1

-511.376

17.5

-409.663

1400

19.17

-516.507

1600

19.32

-527.142

1800

19.48

-538.303

2000

19.64

-550.03

2200

19.81

-562.367

2400

19.98

-575.364

2600

20.16

-589.075

2800

20.34

-603.562

3000

20.54

-618.892

20
21

20.5

un nn

Chiu di chu un Lu (m)

20

19.5

19

un ngang: Lu = 18.24 m

18.5

18

un ko

17.5

17
0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

N (kN)

Hnh 7: th quan h gi tr chiu di chu un ph thuc vo lc dc trc N.

-400

un ko
un ngang: Mng = -454.09 kNm

M men ngm M ng (kNm)

-450

-500

un nn
-550

-600

-650
0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

N (kN)

Hnh 8: th quan h gi tr momen ngm ph thuc vo lc dc trc N ng vi Q = 50kN.

21

4. Kt lun
4.1 Bi ton cc chu un tng qut c gii bng phng php MTCT theo s
dm nn ch yu da trn nhng ch dn v cc php ton ma trn trong cch
s dng ma trn chuyn [1] v cc cng thc ma trn chuyn nhp ca cc phn
t cc khng tip t [2] cng nh cc phn t tip t [3]. So snh vi mt s
cch gii khc trong [2], [6] v SAP2000, kt qu tnh cc chu un ngang dc
bng MTCT theo s dm nn l chnh xc v khi lng tnh ton t hn.
4.2 Da vo th mnh ny, thng qua v d c th, kho st nh hng ca lc
dc trc n trng thi chuyn v ni lc ca cc chu lc ngang i vi ba bi
ton c bn trong tnh ton thit k mng cc.
Kt qu kho st cho php khng nh: trong nhiu trng hp, khi tnh cc v
mng cc chu lc ngang khng th b qua nh hng ca lc dc trc.
4.3 Cc chu un ngang-dc c gii bng phng php MTCT theo s dm nn
c th tm thy c nhiu ng dng nh:
1. Tnh cc n chu lc ngang phc tp hoc cc kt cu c th chuyn v s
cc chu lc ngang trong nn bin dng n hi cc b phn lp.
2. Nu chn dng mt h s nn hp l gii thut ni trn cho php xt c
tng tc n hi do phi tuyn gia cc v t.
3. Ba bi ton cc chu lc ngang c xt n nh hng ca lc dc trc s l c
s xy dng cch tnh mng cc c xt n lc dc khi chu lc ngang.

22

TI LIU THAM KHO

[1]

Lu Th Trnh, Lu Mc Lan:
Cch s dng ngn ng ma trn trong l thuyt h thanh. Nh xut bn Xy
dng, H Ni, 2007.

[2]

Phan Dng:
Tnh ton cc mm chu lc ngang c xt nh hng ca ti trng ng bng
phng php ma trn chuyn tip. Lun n Ph Tin S Khoa hc K thut, H
Ni, 1984.

[3]

Phan Dng:
Gii bi ton un ngang-dc ca dm trn nn n hi bng phng php ma
trn chuyn tip. Cc bo co hi ngh kt cu xy dng ln th nht. Tp 4:
Kt cu xy dng cng trnh giao thng, H Ni, 1985, tr.202-207.

[4]

Phan Dng:
Tnh ton cc v mng cc trong xy dng giao thng. Nh xut bn Giao
thng vn ti, H ni, 1987.

[5]

Phan Dng:
Tnh cc mm chu un ngang-dc trong nn nhiu lp bng phng php
phn t hu hn. Tp san: Kho st-Thit k, N0.2, 1986. Vin Thit k Giao
thng Vn ti, B Giao thng vn ti, H Ni, tr33-41.

[6]

Phan Dng:
Tnh ton cng trnh bn trn nn cc theo s khung c tr cc trong t
bng phng php phn t hu hn. Tp ch Khoa hc Cng ngh Giao thng
Vn ti, No.2, 2008, Trng i hc Giao thng Vn ti Tp. H Ch Minh,
tr.88-102.

[7]

Phan Dng:
Chuyn v nm ngang v chuyn v xoay ca cc mc y i theo TCXD
205:1998-Mt dng khc ca cng thc tnh v cc ng dng. Tp ch Bin &
B, No. 3+4/2009, Hi Cng ng thy-Thm lc a Vit Nam, tr.50-58.