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Biology
Fall 2008
Review Sheet for Final Exam
Chapters 1-10
• Study Vocabulary http://www.flashcardexchange.com/flashcards/view/709877
• Be able to label the parts of a compound light microscope on a diagram.

• Be able to compute the magnifying power of a compound light microscope.

Your microscope has an ocular of 10X. If you are looking at your own cheek cells under high power (40X),
what is the total magnification of your cheek cells?

• Distinguish among matter, elements, atoms, compounds, and molecules.

Matter—

Element—

Atom—

Molecule—

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• Describe and draw an atom. Label the particles, including correct electrical
charges.

• Name, in order, the seven levels of Linnaean classification

• List the attributes of living organisms.

• Compare plant and animal cells.

• Compare prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

• Draw a typical cell and label major organelles. (Plant and animal)—see p. 76

BIOLOGY: Fall 2008Review Sheet for Final Exam

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• Describe three ways substances get in and out of cells.

• Is this cell prokaryotic or eukaryotic? How can you tell? Use the diagram to
practice labeling the structures of the cell.

• In the diagrams below, the space inside the circle represents the inside of
the cell, and the space between the circle and the square represents the
solution surrounding the cell

A B C

1. In box A, use ‘X’s to indicate the distribution of solutes in an isotonic solution.

2. In box B, use ‘X’s to indicate the distribution of solutes in a hypotonic solution.
3. In box C, use ‘X’s to indicate the distribution of solutes in a hypertonic solution.

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• Identify the following as (a) autotrophic or (b) heterotrophic.

1. Plants
2. Most bacteria
3. Algae
4. Animals
5. Fungi
6. Humans

• Fill in the missing parts of the formulas for photosynthesis and aerobic
cellular respiration.
Photosynthesis

_______ + H2O + _______ _______ + _______ ↑

Aerobic Cellular Respiration

_______ + O2 H2 O + _______ + _______

• ATP and ADP

Which molecule represents stored energy? ___________
Which molecule represents released energy? _________

• Transcribe the mRNA from the DNA given.

1. ATG
2. CAG
3. TAA
4. TTT
5. CGT

• Using the chart on page 113 of your textbook, identify the amino acid that
each mRNA codon codes for. Place a star next to the one that is not an
RNA codon.
1. GUC
2. ATG
3. UAU
4. CAG
5. CUU
6. UUA

• Give the appropriate tRNA anticodon that would pair with each mRNA
codon.
1. CCG
2. UAC
3. GUA
4. UUU

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5. ACG

• Identify the following as (a) a species characteristic or (b) an individual

characteristic.
1. Color of hair
2. Number of chromosomes
3. Height

• Fill in the circles with the appropriate haploid/diploid number of

chromosomes for sexual and asexual reproduction.
Sexual Reproduction Asexual Reproduction

• Use the diagram of the cell cycle to answer the questions that follow.
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1. Label the three phases of the cell cycle on the diagram.

2. Label the four phases of mitosis on the diagram.

3. What is number 1 pointing to?

4. What happens during interphase?

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5. What is the purpose of mitosis?

• Genetics Problems
Simple Dominant/Recessive Problem

In humans, the allele for dimples is dominant over the allele for not having
dimples. Cross two heterozygous dimpled individuals, and give the genotypic
and phenotypic ratios. Use the letter D.

Incomplete Dominance Problem

Some flowers express incomplete dominance in their flower patterns. When a white snapdragon is
crossed with a red snapdragon, the offspring are pink. Cross a red flower with a white flower. Use ‘r’ to
indicate the red allele and ‘w’ to indicate the white allele.
a. Write the genotype of a red flower.
b. Write the genotype of a white flower.
c. Write the genotype of a pink flower.
d. What allele(s) could a red flower give to its offspring?
e. What allele(s) could a white flower give to its offspring?
f. What allele(s) could a pink flower give to its offspring?

g. Diagram this cross on the Punnett square. Give the genotypic

and phenotypic ratios of the offspring.

Sex-Linked Traits Problems

Red-green colorblindness is caused by a recessive gene on the X chromosome. A normal,

non-carrier woman marries a man who is red-green colorblind.
a. Diagram this on the Punnett square.
b. Is it possible for this couple to have a daughter who is
colorblind?
c. Is it possible for this couple to have a son who is
colorblind?

• Can science prove evolution? Can science prove creation? Why or why not?

• List the three essential components of a biblical worldview.

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• What do most creation scientists estimate the age of the earth to be?

• Write which day each item was created or what was created on each day. The
days are not necessarily in order, and some may be repeated.
1. Day 1

2. Sun, moon, and stars

3. Land and plants

4. Day 5

5. Land animals

6. Sky and waters

7. Day 2

8. Man and woman

9. Fish and birds

10. Light and dark

11. Day 3

12. Day 4

• Know in order the seven levels of today’s classification system.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

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• List the six kingdoms in today’s classification system in order

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

• On the line below each picture, write the name of the bacterial shape.

• Draw and Label a bacterial cell

Use these labels; nuclear material, mesosome, flagellum, cell wall, and capsule

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• List the steps of the viral lytic cycle.

• Fill in the rungs of the ladder with conditions that must be met for bacteria to
experience optimal growth.

BIOLOGY: Fall 2008Review Sheet for Final Exam