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01 - Motion Graphs
Due: 8:00pm on Wednesday, February 1, 2012
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Given Positions, Find Velocity and Acceleration

Learning Goal: To understand how to graph position, velocity, and acceleration of an object starting with a table of positions vs. time. The table shows the x coordinate of a moving object. The position is tabulated at 1-s intervals. The x coordinate is indicated below each time. You should make the simplification that the acceleration of the object is bounded and contains no spikes. time (s) x (m) 0 0 1 1 2 4 3 9 4 16 5 24 6 32 7 40 8 46 9 48

Part A Which graph best represents the function x(t), describing the object's position vs. time?

ANSWER:

1 2 3 4 Correct

Part B Which of the following graphs best represents the function v(t), describing the object's velocity as a function of time?

Hint B.1

Compute and plot the average velocity

Hint not displayed

Hint B.2

Finding the position from the velocity graph

Hint not displayed

Hint B.3

Implications of zero velocity

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Hint B.4

Characteristics of the velocity function

Hint not displayed

ANSWER:

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1 2 3 4 Correct Part C Which of the following graphs best represents the function a(t), describing the acceleration of this object? [ Print ]

Hint C.1

Identify the region of constant velocity

Hint not displayed

Hint C.2

Acceleration in the region of constant velocity

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Hint C.3

Regions of constant acceleration

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ANSWER:

1 2 3 4 Correct

Average Velocity from a Position vs. Time Graph

Learning Goal: To learn to read and interpolate on a graph of position versus time and to change units. In this problem you must find the average velocity from a graph of to indicate the average velocity over the time interval from average velocity over the time interval from 1 to 3 s. . We will use the notation to . Thus is the

Part A Find the average velocity over the time interval from 0 to 1 second. Hint A.1 Definition of average velocity
Hint not displayed

Answer to the nearest integer.

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ANSWER:

= 0

Correct [ Print ]

Part B Find the average velocity over the time interval from 1 to 3 seconds. Answer to the nearest integer. ANSWER: = 20 Correct

Part C Now that you have and , find .

Give your answer to three significant figures. ANSWER: = 13.3 Correct is not equal to the simple arithmetic average of and , because they are averages for time intervals of different

Note that

length. You would have to double the weight given to

because it is for an interval twice as long.

Part D Find the average velocity over the time interval from 1 to 5 seconds. You will need to interpolate to find the position at time the position or you will likely not be able to obtain the solution to the desired accuracy. Hint D.1 How to interpolate
because the graph is clearly not at one of the horizontal lines (or midway in between). The best way to and and has easy to read values at these times, then use a bit of algebra (or geometry).

. Do not simply eyeball

The most difficult thing here is reading the position at proceed is to note that the graph is straight between Find the position at .

Hint D.1.1

Formula for interpolation

and is 40 . Because the position vs. time graph is linear, at . Mathematically, then: (one-third of the time between

The difference in position between and

) the position will have changed by one-third of the total 40

Round your answer to three significant figures. ANSWER: =

Answer not displayed

Round your answer to two significant figures. ANSWER: = 6.7 Correct

Part E Obtaining this answer required some interpolation on the graph. Now see if you can express this result in terms of kilometers per hour. Hint E.1 Simple method to change units
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Hint E.2

What other conversion to use

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Express your answer to the nearest integer. ANSWER: = 24 Correct

Part F Find the average velocity over the time interval from 2.5 to 6.0 seconds. Hint F.1 Determining the displacement

What is the displacement?

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Answer to the nearest integer. ANSWER: = -30 Correct Determining the time interval
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Hint F.2

Express your answer to two significant figures. ANSWER: = -8.6 Correct

Motion of Two Rockets

Learning Goal: To learn to use images of an object in motion to determine velocity and acceleration. Two toy rockets are traveling in the same direction (taken to be the x axis). A diagram is shown of a time-exposure image where a stroboscope has illuminated the rockets at the uniform time intervals indicated.

Part A At what time(s) do the rockets have the same velocity? Hint A.1 How to determine the velocity
Hint not displayed

ANSWER:

at time at time at times

only only and and

at some instant in time between

at no time shown in the figure Correct Part B At what time(s) do the rockets have the same x position? ANSWER: at time at time at times only only and and

at some instant in time between

at no time shown in the figure Correct Part C At what time(s) do the two rockets have the same acceleration? Hint C.1 How to determine the acceleration

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Hint not displayed

ANSWER:

at time at time at times

only only and and

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at some instant in time between

at no time shown in the figure Correct Part D The motion of the rocket labeled A is an example of motion with uniform (i.e., constant) __________. ANSWER: and nonzero acceleration velocity displacement time Correct Part E The motion of the rocket labeled B is an example of motion with uniform (i.e., constant) __________. ANSWER: and nonzero acceleration velocity displacement time Correct Part F At what time(s) is rocket A ahead of rocket B? Hint F.1 Use the diagram
Hint not displayed

ANSWER:

before after before between

only only and after and

at no time(s) shown in the figure Correct

Score Summary:
Your score on this assignment is 93.1%. You received 27.92 out of a possible total of 30 points.

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