Mark Scheme Chemistry PEKA Form 4 Activity No : ....7.11........

Topic : Acids and Bases

Aim To find the end point in the titration of hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide solution using an acidbase indicator [ K1PP1(i) - Able to write the aim correctly] Materials Apparatus 0.1 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid, 0.1 mol dm-3 sodium hydroxide solution, phenolphthalein Burette, 25 cm3 pipette, pipette filler, retort stand and clamp, white tile, 250 cm3 conical flask [ K1PP1(iii) - Able to list all the materials and apparatus correctly] Procedure 1. 25 cm3 of sodium hydroxide solution is drawn up by using a pipette. 2. The sodium hydroxide solution is transferred into a conical flask. 3. Two or three drops of phenolphthalein are added to the conical flask. 4. A burette is filled with hydrochloric acid. 5. Initial burette reading is recorded. 6. Hydrochloric acid is added drop by drop into the alkali solution. 7. The contents of the flask is swirled. 8. Hydrochloric acid is added continuously until the indicator changes colour. 9. Final burette reading is recorded. [ K1PP1(iv) - Able to write the procedure correctly] Data Titration set Final burette reading/ cm3 Initial burette reading/ cm3 Volume of hydrochloric acid needed/ cm3 1 2 3

[ K1PP1(v) - Able to use a table to collect data ]

[ K3PP1 - Able to construct a table with rows and columns consists of headings and units correctly ] [ K3PP2 - Able to write the burette readings with 2 decimal places of set 1 correctly] [ K3PP3 - Able to write the burette readings of all the sets correctly] Communication HCl + NaOH NaCl + H2O

[K4PP1- Able to write the chemical equations for the reactions correctly] Interpreting Data Observation : The colour of solution change from pink to colourless. Inference : The hydroxide ions are neutralise by hydrogen ions Or Average volume of hydrochloric acid needed to neutralise 25.0 cm3 of sodium hydroxide solution Va = ................

[K4PP2- Able to state a observation and inference correctly Or Able to determine the average volume of hydrochloric acid for the titration correctly] Conclusion Va is needed in the titration for the indicator to change colour. [K4PP3- Able to state the volume of hydrochloric acid for the titration correctly ]

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