TECHNICAL MANUAL OF

AIR CONDITIONING TEST RIG

INDEX
SL 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 TITLE
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS PROCESS & INSTRUMENTATION DIAGRAM OPERATING PROCEDURE OBSERVATION TABLE STANDARD VALUES, FORMULAE & CHARTS CALCULATIONS RESULTS

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PRODUCT DESCRIPTION:
The Air Conditioning Trainer works on Vapour compression Refrigeration cycle using 134 a as a refrigerant. The Trainer is having a hermetically sealed compressor, which sucks cold refrigerant vapour from the evaporator. The vapour is compressed to higher pressure and consequently to higher temperature in the compressor. The high pressure and high temperature refrigerant then enters the condenser, where its latent heat is removed by rejecting the heat to the air passing over the forced convection condenser. The liquefied refrigerant passes through drier (where any residual moisture is absorbed) and through rotameter (where flow is measured) and enters the expansion device. In the expansion device, (either a capillary tube or expansion valve) the refrigerant is throttled to a lower pressure and as a result, the temperature of the refrigerant also reduced. This low temperature wet vapour flows through the evaporator, which is a forced convection air-cooled evaporator. Here, the refrigerant picks up heat from air passing over it and gains heat; it evaporates and enters the compressor. This cycle repeats. In addition to basic system components, many controls such as overload protector, thermostat, HP/LP cut-out are provided to safeguard the system against any malfunctioning. To accomplish psychometric processes, heating elements and humidification arrangement is provided. To vary the airflow, air dampers are provided. For measurement of pressures dial type pressure gauges are fitted and to record temperatures digital temperature scanner is incorporated. R

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS:
CAPACITY COMPRESSOR CONDENSER CONDENSER FAN DRIER/ FILTER EXPANSION DEVICE EVAPORATOR EVAPORATOR FAN DEHUMIDIFIER HUMIDIFIER REFRIGERANT HP / LP CUT-OUT TEMPERATURE PRESSURE REFRIGERANT FLOW AIR TEMPERATURE AIR FLOW MEASUREMENT SUPPLY INPUT POWER RATED CURRENT INDICATING LAMPS ENERGY-METER MATERIAL OUTER FINISH : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1/3 TR@RATED TEST CONDITIONS HERMETICALLY SEALED. MAKE: EMERSON CLIMATE TECH.OR ANY EQUIVALENT MAKE. FORCED CONVECTION AIR COOLED. AXIAL FLOW. PROVIDED. CAPILLARY TUBE. DIRECT EXPANSION, SHELL & COIL TYPE WATER IN SHELL & REFRIGERANT IN COIL CENTRIFUGAL / AXIAL FLOW TYPE FINNED TYPE AIR HEATER. PROVIDED R-134 a. ALCO/ OR DANFOSS / OR INDFOSS OR ANY EQUIVALENT MAKE. 6 CHANNEL FACILITY WITH DIGITAL DISPLAY. 2 NOS.; DIAL TYPE PRESSURE GAUGES. GLASS TUBE ROTAMETER PROVIDED. DBT & WBT MEASUREMENT BY SLING PSYCHROMETER. BY INCLINED TUBE MANOMETER. 220-240 VOLTS, 50 HZ, 1 PHASE. 0.75 KW. 4 AMPS. PROVIDED FOR COMPRESSOR AND HEATER. RANGE 0-20 A; PROVIDED FOR COMPRESSOR PANEL: 1.2 MM THICK CRCA POWDER COATING

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS:

1. To evaluate the tonnage capacity of the air conditioning system by enthalpy difference method. 2. To evaluate actual and theoretical C.O.P. of the system. 3. To plot the refrigeration cycle on P-H & T-S charts. 4. To plot the psychrometric processes on psychrometric charts.

TRIAL ON A. C. TEST RIG OBJECTIVES:

The equipment is a Comprehensive test rig and it can be used for a variety Of experiments. Following trials/ experiments can be conducted on this test rig. 1. To calculate. a) Actual C. O. P

b) Theoretical C. O. P of the cycle. 2. To calculate Tonnage capacity of the Air Conditioning system. 3. To plot operating cycle on P-H chart.

TO DETERMINE 1. TONNAGE CAPACITY OF THE AC PLANT 2. ACTUAL C.O.P. OF THE SYSTEM 3. THEORETICAL C.O.P. OF THE SYSTEM

PROCEDURE:
1) 2) 3) 4) Connect the supply cable to regulated / stabilized power supply. Switch ON the main switch. Put ON the AHU fan. Record the DBT & WBT at the inlet and at the outlet of the duct. (Ensure

that the well of WBT is filled with water.) Use psychrometer. 5) 6) Switch ON the compressor. Allow the system to reach steady state. Record the air temperatures at inlet and outlet (DBT & WBT) Use

7)

psychrometr. 8) 9) Record the Energy-meter reading. Record suction and discharge pressures.

10) Record Rotameter reading, refrigerant temperatures at various locations viz: before &after compression and before & after expansion. 11) Measure velocity head with the help of manometer at inlet of the ducting. 12) Take minimum 6 to 8 numbers of readings in 15 minutes of intervals each.

STANDARD VALUES AND FORMULAE

Standard Barometric Pressure Density of Water Gas Constant for Air Specific Gravity of R-22 at 40 0 C 1 Ton of Refrigeration effect Density of Air at 25 0 C = = = = = = 1.013 bar = 1.013 x 10 5 N /m2 1000 kg / m 3 287 kg / kJ K 1.2 3500 Watts = 3.5 kJ / s 1.1 kg/m 3

CALCULATIONS:
TO DETERMINE

1. TONNAGE CAPACITY OF THE AC PLANT

INLET CONDITIONS OUTLET CONDITIONS INLET AIR ENTHALPY H1 OUTLET AIR ENTHALPY H2 ENTHALPY DIFFERENCE VELOCITY HEAD, H

: : = = = =

H1-H2 kJ/Kg MM of Liquid column

VELOCITY OF AIR AIR OUTLET SECTIONAL AREA A VOLUME FLOW RATE OF AIR, Q MASS FLOW RATE OF AIR M

= = = = =

M /S Sq. mtr V X A cubic mtrs per sec VOLUME FLOW RATE X DENSITY OF AIR Q X 1.1 kg per sec

REFRIGERATION EFFECT (ACTUAL) N

= =

MASS FLOW RATE X ENTHALPY DIFFERENCE M X (H1-H2) KJ / sec

TONNAGE CAPACITY TR

N/ 3.5 TR

2. ACTUAL C.O.P. OF THE SYSTEM REFRIGERATION EFFECT (ACTUAL) N = MASS FLOW RATE X ENTHALPY DIFFERENCE M X (H1-H2) KJ / sec ENERGY METER READING/ TIME IN HRS KW or kJ / s N / W

COMPRESSOR WORK, W ACTUAL C.O.P.

= = = =

THEORETICAL C.O.P. OF THE SYSTEM:

To evaluate theoretical C.O.P. of the system, carry out following procedure. 1. For any set of readings at a particular time, note suction and discharge pressures in psig. 2. Divide these pressures by 14.5 to convert them into bar.

3. Add barometric pressure of the present location to obtain absolute pressures in bar. 4. Locate these pressures on Y axis of P-H chart. Draw two horizontal lines, one for low pressure and one for high pressure. 5. Locate particular temperatures on these lines and mark 1,2,3,4. 6. Find out enthalpies at salient points by referring to X axis of P-H chart. H1= H2= H3= H4= 7. N= REFRIGERATION EFFECT= H1-H4= 8. W= COMPRESSOR WORK 9. THEORETICAL C.O.P. = H2-H1= = N / W = (H1-H4) / (H2-H1) KJ/kg KJ/Kg

TRIAL ON AIR CONDITIONING TEST RIG RESULTS:

1. THE COOLING CAPACITY OF THE PLANT = ---------------KW i.e.-----------TR

2. THE ACTUAL C.O.P. OF THE SYSTEM IS -------------------------3. THE THEORETICAL C.O.P. OF THE SYSTEM IS -------------------

SL TIME HRS PSIGSUCTION PRESSURE ( LP) PSIGDISCHARGE PRESSURE (HP)

AFTER COMPRESSION AFTER CONDENSATION

TRIAL ON AIR-CONDITIONING TEST RIG

OBSERVATION TABLE

REFRIGERANT TEMPERATURES 0 C

AFTER EXPANSION

AFTER EVAPORATION

ENERGY METER KWHR

LPHREFRIGERANT FLOW

MANOMETER READING mm of WG

SECTIONAL AREA OF THE DUCT

DBT WBT DBT WBT

INLET AIR TEMP. 0 C OUTLET AIR TEMP. 0 C

Date: