EYES Linda Raibert Stage 1 Desired Results Established Goal(s): Teach eyenatomy, functions, and disfunctions Understanding(s): Students

s will understand that What we call vision is made up of different types of information received by different structures in the eye and brain. Depth, color, light, and movement. Different structures within the eye make Students will know/ Students will be able to Identify parts of the eye and how these structures relate to function Understand how problems can affect vision Stage 2 Assessment Evidence Performance Task(s) Models Presentations Discussion Stage 3 Learning Plan Learning Activities (sequenced with time estimates): 40 min class Write agenda on board: Agenda What do you need to be able to see? Balloon eyes Eyenatomy lecture Eye defect modeling Defect Challenge! Look at your eye or a friends eye. What do you see? What structures and conditions do you think

Essential Question(s): What do you need to be able to see?

Notes:

Other Evidence: Comments during activities Materials: Computer Projector Balloons Lenses Clay Chart Paper markers

you need in order to be able to see? Spend 3 minutes writing this down. This balloon and lens is a very simplified model of how the human eye works. 10 minutes: Balloon/lens demonstration Talk about different parts of the eye Blind spot, upside down, motion blindness Craft different defects with eyes nearsightedness, farsightedness, cataract, etc. Each group of 2 (one group of 3) makes a model of the eye with a defect in it. Use materials in the room to design this model. Make visible what part of the visual system is problematic and what is wrong with it. Do not label the defect! Present to the rest of the class. Have class guess what the defect is. Source: From Understanding by Design Professional Development Workbook (p. 30) by J. McTighe and G. Wiggins, ASCD. http://www.hhmi.org/senses/b210.html - motion blindness

Your challenge is to secretly create a model of the eye including all of the parts we talked about. Cornea, iris, lens, pupil, retina, optic nerve, sclera You will also be assigned an eye problem that your model will have. Your model should be good enough that your classmates can guess what eye problem you are trying to model.

Astigmatism. Astigmatism is characterized by an irregular curve of the cornea. Astigmatism occurs in nearly everybody to some degree. For significant curvature, treatment is required. A person's eye is naturally spherical in shape. Under normal circumstances, when light enters the eye, it refracts evenly, creating a clear view of an object. However, the eye of a person with astigmatism is shaped more like a football or the back of a spoon. For this person, when light enters the eye it is refracted more in one direction than the other, allowing only part of the object to be in focus at one time. Objects at any distance can appear blurry and wavy. Cataracts Cataracts are cloudy areas in the lens of the eye that can cause changes in vision. Symptoms of cataracts include cloudy or fuzzy vision as well as sensitivity to glare. Cataracts are treated with surgery. Myopia (nearsightedness): Inability to see clearly at a distance. The eye is too long for the lens, so light isnt focused properly on the retina. People who have myopia or nearsightedness have difficulty seeing distant objects, but can see objects that are near clearly. People who are nearsighted have what is called a refractive error. In nearsighted people, the eyeball is too long or the cornea has too much curvature, so the light entering the eye is not focused correctly. Images focus in front of the retina, the light-sensitive part of the eye, rather than directly on the retina, causing blurred vision. Hyperopia (farsightedness): Farsightedness, also called hyperopia, means that the eye cannot focus on nearby objects. This is because the eye is too short or the cornea is too flat. In some cases of hyperopia, the eye cannot focus on distant objects either. A person has hyperopia when light entering the eye is focused (called the focal point) behind the retina instead of directly on the retina.

Glaucoma This happens when the fluid pressure in the eye's chamber rises. Normally, this fluid flows out of the eye through a mesh-like channel. If this channel becomes blocked, fluid builds up, causing glaucoma.

Retinal detachment is a very serious condition that occurs when the retina pulls away from its supporting tissues. Since the retina can't work properly under these conditions, permanent vision loss may occur if a detachment is not repaired within 24 to 72 hoursSymptoms of a detached retina include: Flashes of light Showering effect of floaters (small flecks or threads) in the visual field. Darkening of the peripheral visual field. There is no pain associated with retinal detachment, but if you experience any of the above listed symptoms, contact your eye doctor immediately. http://www.webmd.com/eye-health/picture-of-the-eyes :