Do An Mon Cung Cap Dien

n mn hc_ H thng cung cp in
Trng hbk h ni
Khoa nng lng
Cng ho x hi ch ngha vit nam

c lp - T do - Hnh phc
-----***-----
n mn hc
thit k h thng cung cp in

Gio vin hng dn :
Thy Ng Hng Quang
H v tn sinh vin thc hin : Tng Th L
ti :
Thit k h thng cung cp in cho nh my ng h
chnhxc
I ) S liu ban u:
1. Mt bng nh my
2. Mt bng phn xng
3. Ngun in :Trm BATG 220/10 cch 5 km
II) ni dung thit k :
1) Xc nh ph ti tnh ton
2) Thit k mng cao p nh my
3) Thit k mng h p phn xng
4) B cng sut phn khng nng cao cos
III) bn v : 2 bn v Ao
1) S nguyn l mng cao p nh ny
2) S nguyn l mng h p phn xng
Ngy giao :
Ngy hon thnh:
Gio vin hng dn

1
Tng Th L - TH3 - K43
Mc lc
Chng I: Gii thiu chung v nh my
I)
Loi nghnh ngh , qui m v nng lc ca x nghip
II)
Gii thiu ph ti in ca ton x nghip
III)
Phm vi ti
Chng II: Xc nh ph ti tnh ton cc phn xng
v ton
x nghip
I)
Xc nh ph ti tnh ton ca px sa cha c kh
II)
Xc nh ph ti tnh ton ca cc phn xng khc
III)
Xc nh bn knh vng trn ph ti
IV)
Biu xc nh ph ti
Chng III: Thit k mng cao p nh my

I)
Phng n cp in mng cao p
II)
V tr t trm phn phi trng tm
III)
Xc nh v tr v s lng , cng sut cc trm BA

phn xng
IV)
Phng n i dy mng cao p
V)
V s nguyn l mng cao p
VI)
Tnh ton ngn mch v tra cc thit b chn
Chng IV: Thit k mng h p phn xng sa cha c kh

2

I)
Xc nh ph ti tnh ton ca phn xng
II)
Tnh ton ngn mch h p phn xng
III)
S nguyn l ca mng h p phn xng
IV)
Chn thit b cho t phn phi v t ng lc
Chng V : B cng sut phn khng nng cao cos

I)
ngha v vic b cng sut phn khng trong nh

my
II)
Cc bin php nng cao h s cng sut
III)
Nng cao h s cos bng phng php b
IV)
Cc thit b b trong h thng cung cp in
V)
Cc bc tin hnh b cng sut
3
Li ni u
Ngy nay in nng l mt th thit yu n tham gia
vo mi lnh vc ca cuc sng t cng nghip n sinh hot
,.Bi v in nng c nhiu u im nh: d dng chuyn thnh
cc dng nng lng khc (nhit c ho...) d dng truyn ti v
phn phi .Chnh v vy in nng c ng dng rt rng ri .
in nng l ngun nng lng chnh ca cc ngnh cng
nghip ,l iu kin quan trng pht trin cc th v
khu dn c . V l do khi lp k hoch pht trin kinh t x hi
,k hoch pht trin in nng phi i trc mt bc , nhm tho
mn nhu cu in nng khng nhng trong giai on trc mt
m cn d kin cho s pht trin trong tng lai .
iu ny i hi phi c h thng cung cp in an ton
,tin cy sn xut v sinh hot .
c bit hin nay theo thng k s b in nng tiu th
bi cc x nghip chim t l hn 70% in nng sn sut ra
(nhn chung t s ny ph thuc vo mc cng nghip ho
ca tng vng
iu chng t vic thit k h thng cung cp in
cho nh my ,x nghip l mt b phn ca h thng in khu
vc v quc gia ,nm trong h thng nng lng chung pht trin
4

theo qui lut ca nn kinh t quc dn .Ngy nay do cng
nghip ngy cn pht trin nn h thng cung cp in x
nghip ,nh my cng phc tp bao gm cc li in cao p (35500kV)li in phn phi (6-22kV) v li in h p trong phn
xng (220-380-600V)
thit k c th i hi ngi k s phi c tay ngh cao
v kinh nghim thc t ,tm hiu bit su rng v thit k l
mt vic lm kh. n mn hc chnh l mt bi kim tra kho
st trnh sinh vin .
Qua y em xin chn thnh cm n thy gio hng dn
gip em hon thnh n ny .
5
Thit k cung cp in
cho nh my ng h chnh xc
Chng I
Gii thiu chung v nh my

I) Loi ngnh ngh ,quy m v nng lc ca x nghip
1) Loi ngnh ngh :

_
Sn phm ca nh my l sn phm yu cu chnh xc
gn nh tuyt i .N mang mt ngha rt quan trng i vi

tt c mi ngi. Tuy y khng phi l mt ngnh cng nghip
mi nhn ca t nc ta .Nhng n gp phn khng nh vo vic
6

p ng nhu cu ca nhn dn ,ngoi ra cn c th xut khu
thu ngoi t cho t nc.
_
Trong thi k cng nghip ho hin i ho ,cc dy truyn
sn xut ca ngnh sn xut ng h c trang b ch yu l

my mc hin i v c t ng ho cao . m o cho cht
lng cngnh s lng ca sn phm ca nh my i hi phi c
ngun cung cp in tin cu cho chng .
2 ) Qui m ,nng lc ca nh my:
_
Nh my trong ti nghin cu c qui m kh ln .Nh my
c ti 11 phn xng vi cc ph ti in sau :
7
TT
Tn phn xng
Din
tch(m)
Cng sut
t (kW)
PX c kh
360
2100
PX dp
260
1200
PX lp rp s 1
376
900
PX lp rp s 2
360
1400
PX sa cha c kh
1195.3
Phng th nghim
120
160
PX ch th
260
500
Trm bm
224
120
BP hnh chnh v ql
432
50
10
BP KCS v kho TP
460
520
11
Khu nh xe
239.86
8

D kin trong tng lai nh my cn c m rng v dc thay
th , lp t cc thit b my mc hin i hn ,ng v mt
cung cp in th vic thit k cp in phi m bo s gia
tng ph fti trong tng lai v mt k thut v kinh t .phi
ra phng php cp in sao cho khng gy qu ti sau vi nm
sn xut v cng khng qu d tha dung lng m sau nhiu
nm x nghip vn khng khai thc ht dung lng cng suu d
tr dn n lng ph .
II) Gii thiu ph ti in ca ton nh my
1) Cc c im ca ph ti in :
- Ph ti in trong nh my c th phn ra lm hai loi ph
ti :
+) Ph ti ng lc
+) Ph ti chiu sng
Ph ti ng lc v chiu sng thng lm vic ch di
hn ,in p yu cu trc tip ti thit b l 380/220 V tn s
cng nghip f=50 Hz
2) Cc yu cu v cung cp in ca nh my
_ Cc yu cu cung cp in phi da vo phm vi v mc
quan trng ca cc thit b t vch ra phng thc cp
in cho tng thi b cng nh cho cc phn xng trong nh my
, nh gi tng tng th ton nh my c kh ta thy t l ca
ph ti loi hai l ln hn 50% .Ph ti loi hai ln hn loi ba do
9

nh my c nh gi l h ph ti loi II .V vy cung cp
in phi m bo lin tc .
III) Pham vi ti
y l mt ti thit k mn hc ,do thi gian c hn , vic

tnh ton chnh xc v t m cho cng trnh l mt khi lng ln
i hi thi gian di do em ch tnh ton chon cho nhng
hng mc c bn ca cng trnh
10
Chng II:
Xc nh ph ti tnh ton ca nh my
I) Xc nh ph ti tnh ton ca phn xng sa cha c
kh
1)Phn nhm
Cn c vo v tr , cng sut ca cc my mc cng c b tr
trn mt bng xng ,quyt nh chia lm 5 nhm ph ti :
Nhm 1:
1_My tin ren
2 7 (kw)
2_My tin ren
1 7
3_My tin ren
2 4.5
5_My khoan ng
1 2.8
6_My khoan ng
1 4.5
7_My phay vn nng
1 4.5
8_My bo ngang
1 5.6
9_My mi trn vn nng
1 2.8
10_My mi phng
1 4
Nhm 2:
11

1_My tin ren
3 10
4_My doa ngang
1 4.5
8_My phay ng
1 4.5
18_My mi trn vn nng
1 2.8
21_My p thu lc
1 4.5
24_My mi sc
1 2.8
28_My mi dao ct gt
1 4.5
16_My khoan ng
1 4.5
Nhm 3:
1_My tin ren
1 10
2_My tin ren
4 7
10_My phay chp hnh
1 0.6
17_My mi trn
1 4.5
22_My khoan bn
1 4.5
20_My mi phng c trc nm

24_My mi sc
1 2.8
1 2.8
Nhm 4:
5_My phay vn nng
2 7
7_My phay chp hnh
1 5.62
6_My phay ngang
1 4.5
11_My phay chp hnh

12_My bo ngang
1 3
2 7
13_My bo ging mt tr
15_My khoan hng tm
12
1 10
1 7

Nhm 5:
3_My doa to
1 7
8_My phay ng
1 4.5
9_My phay chp hnh
1 1.7
14_My xc
2 4.5
4_My tin ren
1 7
19-My mi phng c trc ng
1 10
11_My ca
1 4.5
12_My mi 2 pha
2 2.8
13_My khoan bn
2 0.65
Bng 2_1 : Cng sut t ca cc nhm

Nhm ph ti
Cng sut (kw)
1
54.2
2
58.1
3
53.2
4
58.12
5
50.6
2)Xc nh ph ti tnh ton ca tng nhm
Theo cng sut trung bnh v h s cc i
Theo cng sut trung bnh v lch ca ph ti khi
gi tr trung bnh
Theo cng sut t v h s nhu cu
V c thng tin chnh sc v mt bng b tr my mc

thit b bit c cng sut v qu trnh cng ngh ca tng
thit b nn ta xc nh ph ti tnh ton theo cng sut trung
bnh v h s cc i.Theo phng php ny ph ti tnh ton c xc nh nh sau:
Ptt=Kmax. Ptb= Kmax. KsdiPmi
13
(2-1)
Trong :
-Ptb : Cng sut trung bnh ca ph ti trong ca mang ti ln
nht(kw)
-Pm: Cng sut nh mc ca ph ti(kw)
-Ksd : H s s dng ca thit b
-Kmax: H s cc i cng sut tc dng (tra th hoc
tra bng theo hai i lng Ksdv Nhq)
-Nhq: S thit b lm vic hiu qu ca nhm thit b
Nhm 1:
n*=
n1 9
= = 0.818
n 11
P*=
p1 48.6
=
= 0.897
p 54.2
=> tra bng ta c : nhq*=0.89
nhq=n nhq*=10>4
ksd=0.12 0.2 chn ksd=0.154,cos=0.6
=>kmax=2.10
Ptt1=kmax ksd
Pmi
Ptt1=2.10 0.15 54.2=17.072(kw)

Nhm 2:
n*=
n1
3
=
= 0.3
n 10
P*=
p1
30
=
= 0.516
p 58.1

14

nhq=n nhq*=10 0.8=8>4
=>kmax=2.31
Ptt1=kmax ksd
Pmi
Ptt1=2.31 0.15 58.1=20.132(kw)

Nhm 3:
n*=
n1
5
=
= 0.5
n 10
P*=
p1
48
=
= 0.714
p 53.2
nhq=n nhq*=10.2>4
=>kmax=2.10
Ptt1=kmax ksd
Pmi
Ptt1=2.10 0.15 53.2=16.758(kw)

Nhm 4:
n*=
n1 7
= = 0.777
n 9
P*=
p1 50.6
=
= 0.871
p 58.1
nhq=n nhq*=8>4
=>kmax=2.31
Ptt1=kmax ksd
Pmi
Ptt1=2.31 0.15 58.1=20.132(kw)

Nhm 5:
n*=
n1
3
=
= 0.25
n 12
15

P*=
p1
24
=
= 0.439
p 50.6
nhq=n nhq*=10>4
=>kmax=2.10
Ptt1=kmax ksd
Pmi
Ptt1=2.10 0.15 50.6=15.939(kw)

Kt qu tnh PTTT ghi trong bng 2.1:
3)Xc nh ph ti chiu sng ca phn xng sa cha c
kh
tnh c ph ti chiu sng tn sut chiu sng chung cho
Po =15 (W/m2)
phn xng l :
Pcs=Po S = 15 1195.3
= 17.93 (kw)
Ph ti tnh ton ca ton phn xng sa cha c kh l :
Pttpxscck=ktPi + Pcs =94.459(kw)
Qttpxscck =ktQi
=101.954(KVAR)
2
2
+ Qttpxcck
Sttpxcck= Pttpxcck
=138.986(kVA)
16
bng2:
Kt qu tnh ton PTTT ca phn xng sa cha c kh
Nhm
Thit
b lng
P
t(
kw)
Ph ti tnh ton
H s
sd
cos
nhq
kmax
Ptt
(kw)
11
54.2
0.15
0.6
10
2.10 17.073
10
58.1
0.15
0.6
2.31 20.132
3
4
5
10
9
12
53.2
58.1
50.6
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.6
0.6
0.6
10
8
2.31 20.132
10
17
2.10 16.758
2.10 15.939
Qtt
Stt
Itt (A)
22.76 28.45 43.23

4
5
3
26.83 33.55 50.94
4
22.34 27.93 43.43

4
26.83 33.55 50.97

4
21.15 26.56 40.36

2

II )Xc nh ph ti tnh ton ca phn xng khc
V cc phn xng khc ch bit cng sut t do ph
ti tnh ton c xc nh theo phng php h s nhu cu(Knc)
Cng thc tnh:
Pl=Knc*Pmpx
Ql=Ptt*tg
Stt= Ptt 2 +Q tt 2
(2-9)
Trong :
+Pmpx : Cng sut t ca phn xng
+Knc
: H s nhu cu ca nhm thit b c trng (tra
trong s tay k thut)

+Tg : Tong ng vi Cos c trng cho nhm h tiu th
1)Ph ti tnh ton ca phn xng c kh (1)
Pttpx1=knc P =0.4 2100 =840(kw)
Qttpx1 =Pttpx1 tg =840 1.33 =1120(kVAR)
Pcs1 =18 2000 5 2000 15.10-6 =5.4(kw)
2)Ph ti tnh ton ca phn xng dp(2)
Pttpx2=knc P =0.5 1200 =600(kw)
Pcs2 =13 2000 5 2000 15.10-6 =3.9(kw)
3)Ph ti tnh ton ca phn xng lp rp s 1 (3)
Pttpx3=knc P =0.4 900 =360(kw)
Pcs3 =(4 13+3 4) 2000 2000 15.10-6 =5.64(kw)
18

4)Ph ti tnh ton ca phn xng lp rp s 2 (4)
Pttpx4=knc P =0.4 1400 =560(kw)
Qttpx4 =Pttpx2 tg =560 1.33 =746.6(kVAR)
Pcs4 =18 2000 5 2000 15.10-6 =5.4(kw)
5)Ph ti tnh ton ca phn xng sa cha c kh (5)
( tnh ton trn )
6)Ph ti tnh ton ca phng th nghim trung tm (6)
Pttpx6=knc P =0.7 160 =122(kw)
Pcs6 =6 2000 5 2000 20.10-6 =2.4(kw)
7)Ph ti tnh ton ca phn xng ch th (2)
Pttpx7=knc P =0.4 500 =200(kw)
Pcs7=13 2000 5 2000 15.10-6 =3.9 (kw)
8)Ph ti tnh ton ca trm bm (8)
Pttpx8=knc P =0.7 120 =84(kw)
Pcs8 =8 2000 7 2000 15.10-6 =3.36(kw)
9)Ph ti tnh ton ca b phn hnh chnh v ban qun l
(9)
Pttpx9=knc P =0.7 1200 =35(kw)
Pcs9 =(22 4+5 2 2) 2000 2000 20.10-6 =3.9(kw)
10)Ph ti tnh ton ca b phn KCS v kho thnh phm
(10)
19

Pttpx10=knc P =0.6 520 =312(kw)
Qttpx10 =Pttpx10 tg =312 0.75 =234 (kVAR)
Pcs10 =23 2000 5 2000 16.10-6 =7.36(kw)
11)Ph ti tnh ton ca khu nh xe (11)
Pcs11=33 2000 5 2000 10.10-6 =6.6(kw)
12)Ph ti tnh ton ca phn xng (12)
Pcs12=(8.1 6.7+
6.7 1.7
) 2000 2000 1.10-6 =23.99(kw)
2
III)Xc nh bn knh vng trn ph ti

Vic xc nh biu ph ti trn mt bng nh my c
mc ch l phn phi hp l cc trm bin p trong phm vi
nh my ,chn cc v tr t my bin p sao cho t ch tiu
kinh t k thut cao nht .
Biu ph ti ca mi phn xng l mt vng trn c din
tch bng ph ti tnh ca phn xng theo mt t l la
chn .Nu coi ph ti mi phn xng l ng u theo din
tch phn xng th tm vng trn ph ti trng vi tm ca
phn xng .
Mi vng trn biu ph ti chia ra hai thnh phn :
+Ph ti ng lc
+Ph ti chiu sng
a)Bn knh
sttpxi
Ri= m
b)Gc chiu sng ca biu ph ti
20

cs =
360 Pcs
Ptt
21

bng 3:Kt qu tnh ton ca ton nh my
Tn phn xng
P
(kw)
210
PX c kh
PX lp rp s 2
(m2)
w/m
2
Ptt
Qtt
Pcs
Stt
(kw)
(kVAR)
(kw)
(kVA)
m
kVA/
m
R
mm
ocs
840
1120
5.4
1400
2.3
0.5 0.6 260
15
600
800
3.9
1000
2.3
900 0.4 0.6 376
15
360
480
5.64
600
5.6
15
560
746.6
5.4
933.3
2.6
94.4
101.9
17.9 138.9
59
54
86
140
0
0.4 0.6 360
PX sa cha c
1195
kh
Phng
.3
th
Po
15
PX lp rp s 1
0.4 0.6 360
0
120
PX dp
knc
cos
15
68.
160 0.7 0.7 120
20
112
114.3
2.4
160
7.7
PX ch th
500 0.4 0.6 260
15
200
266
3.9
333.3
Trm bm
120 0.7
15
84
74
3.36
112
nghim
0.7
5
224
22
14.
4

BP hnh chnh
v ql
BP KCS v kho
TP
50
88.
0.7 0.8 432
20
35
26.25
8.64
50
520 0.6 0.8 460
16
312
234
7.36
520
6.6
6.6
0.5 360
Khu nh xe
239.
86
10
23
9
8.4
9

_ Thc t
ta thy ph ti in ca nh my tng ln khng
ngng do vic hp l ho tiu th din nng ,tng nng sut ca

cc my chnh ,tng dung lng nng lng ,thay hoc hon thin
cc thit b cng ngh . hp l ho s cung cp in cho
tt c cc phn t ca n ph thuc vo vic nh gi ng
n ph ti din ,nu khng tnh n s pht trin ca ph ti
s dn n vic ph hoi cc thng s ti u ca li .Do khi xc
nh in p truyn ti t h thng in n x nghip ta
phi tnh n s pht trin trong tng lai ca nh my .
Ptttl=(1+t)Pttxn
_ Tuy nhin i vi n mn hc em ang thc hin cn mang
tnh l thuyt nn coi nh ph ti l khng i .
T bng 3 ta c :
11
Pttnm=kt Ppxi +Pcs
0.85 3197.469
70.93=
2799.37 (kW)
11
Qttnm =kt Qtti =
3368.838(kVAR)
Sttnm =
2
2
Pttnm
+ Qttnm
=
2
2788.37 2 + 3368 .838 =
H s cos ca ton nh my
2788.37
cos = 4372.95 =0.65
IV) Biu xc nh ph ti
24
4372.95(kVA)
Chng 3:
Thit k mng cao p nh my
I) Phng n cp in cao p
_Yu cu i vi cc s cung cp in v ngun cung
cp rt a dng .N ph thuc vo gi tr ca nh my v cng
sut yu cu ca n ,khi thit k cc s cung cp in phi
lu ti yu t c bit c trng cho tng nh my cng nghip
ring bit ,iu kin kh hu a hnh ,cc thit b c bit
i hi tin cy cung cp in (TCCC) cao ,cc c im
ca qu trnh sn xut v qu trnh cng ngh . t xc
nh mc bo m an ton cung cp in ,thit lp s
cu trc cp in hp l .
_Vic la chon s cung cp in ch yu cn c vo
tin cy ,tnh kinh t v tnh an ton . tin cy ca s cung
cp cn c vo loi h tiu th quyt nh s lng ngun cung
cp ca s .
_S cung cp in (SCC) phi c tnh an ton m
bo an ton tuyt i cho ngi v thit b trong mi trng thi
vn hnh .Ngoi ra khi la chn s cung cp in cng phi
25

lu ti yu t k thut khc nh n gin ,thun tin cho vn
hnh,c tnh linh hot trong s c,c bin php t ng ho.
_Nguyn tc chung nh gi h tiu th in trong nh
my l ta da vo tm quan trng ca phn xng i vi nh
my .Tc l khi ta ngng cung cp in ,hay ngng hot ng
ca phn xng ny th mc nh hng ca n ti hot ng
ca ton nh my l cao hay thp ,t c th xc nh c loi
ph ti v s cung cp in hp l cho phn xng trong ton
nh my .
_Khi xc nh c cc h tiu th in trong nh my ta s
cn c vo s phn trn h tiu th nh gi cho ton nh
my .Vi nh my ng h chnh xc ta c s h tiu th loi hai
*) Mt s s i dy cho mng cao p
a.Kiu s c trm phn phi trung tm.
-Kiu s ny c mt trm phn phi trung tm t gn
tm ph ti ca ton nh my ,trm h p t cp in p 220kv
xung 10kv .T trm phn phi trung tm in nng s c dn
xung tng phn xng v h p xung in p 0,4kv
S nguyn l nh sau:
26
220/10 kv
10/0,4 kv
b.Kiu s dn su.
-Kiu s ny t cp truyn ti 10kv in nng s c
dn ti tng phn xng v h p trc tip xung cn 0,4kv .
tng tin cy ngi ta dng hai ng cp truyn ti song song .
S nguyn l nh sau:
10KV
27
10/0,4KV
Nhn xt:
Vi s dn su ta c mt s u im l a trc tip in
p cao vo cc trm bin p phn xng nn gim bt c trm
phn phi trung tm ,t gim c s thit b v s n
gin .ng thi do a in p cao vo gn ph ti nn tn tht
c gim i .Chnh v vy s dn su ch thch hp vi cc
nh my c cc cng trnh cch xa nhau v cng sut truyn ti
ln khi tn tht in nng tnh n mi ng k.
i vi s trm phn phi trung tm do mi phn xng c cung cp t mt ng ring nn tin cy cung cp in
cao ,ng thi s ni dy rt r rng d t ng ho.
Trong phm vi nh my nh tn tht l khng ng k v
gim c chi ph cho thit b bn in p cao.Tuy nhin khc vi
s dn su n cn chi ph cho xy dng trm bin p trung
tm .
28

Ni chung s dng s cung cp c trm phn phi trung
tm cho nh myc quy m ang xt l hp l v c hiu qu c
v kinh t k thut nn ta s dng s ny :
H
PPTT
BA
H
H
H
II)V tr t trm phn phi trung tm
V tr xy dng trm phi m bo cc yu cu sau

+) Trm phi gn tm ph ti
+) Trm phi khng gy nh hng cho giao thng v m
quan trong x nghip
Gi trng tm ca cc nh my xng l (xi, yi) s xc nh
c to ti u M(x,y) t trm PPTT nh sau:
x=
15 1400 + 24 1000 + 9 600 + 46 933.3 + 48 333.3 + 76 112 + 5 520 + 77 6.6

1400 + 1000 + 600 + 933.3 + 138.986 + 160 + 6.6 + 333.3 + 112 + 50 + 520
x=
130551 .92
= 24.84 (mm)
5254 .186
29

y=
60 1400 + 49 1000 + 38 600 + 28 933.3 + 59 138.98 + 32 160 + 47 333.3 + 56 112

5254 .186
+ 10 50 + 9 520 + 30 6.6
y=38.4 (mm)
khng gy nh hng cho giao thng v m quan trong
x nghip ta dch chuyn im t trm trung tm ti im M
III)Xc nh v tr v s lng , cng sut cc trm bin p
phn xng
1)Xc nh s lng my bin p
_ Vic thit k quyt nh chn ng s lng my bin p
cn phi xt n tin cy cung cp in
_ Da vo tnh nng v mc quan trng ca tng phn xng
trong x nghip c th phn ra hai loi ph ti sau :
+Ph ti loi 2:
Phn xng c kh
Phn xng dp
Phn xng lp rp s 1
Phn xng lp rp s 2
Phng th nghim trung tm
Cn li l cc ph ti loi 3
_S trm bin p c chn nh sau :
Phn xng loi ph ti 2 cn t 2 my bin p cho trm
(BAPX)
Phn xng loi 3 cn t 1 my bin p cho trm bin p
30

_Cn c vo v tr cng sut tnh ton v yu cu tin cy
cung cp in ca phn xng , quyt nh t 7 trm bin p
nh sau
Trm 1 (2MBA):
Cp cho phn xng c kh
Trm 2 (2MBA):
Cp cho phn xng dp
Trm 3 (2MBA):
Cp cho phn xng lp rp s 1, b phn
hnh chnh v
ban qun l
Trm 4 (2MBA):
Cp cho phn xng lp rp s 2 v phng
th nghim
trung tm
Trm 5 (1MBA):
Cp cho phn xung sa cha c kh v
trm bm
Trm 6 (1MBA):
Cp cho phn xng ch th v khu nh
xe
Trm 7 (1MBA):
Cp cho b phn KCS v kho thnh phm
2)Chn dung lng my bin p

*)Trm 1:
SmB1
1400
= 1000(kVA)
1.4
*)Trm2:
SmB2
1000
= 714(kVA)
1.4
*)Trm3:
SmB3 464(kVA)
*)Trm4:
31

SmB4 780.9(kVA)
*)Trm5:
SmB5 250.9(kVA)
*)Trm6:
SmB6 339.9(kVA)
*)Trm7:
SmB7 520(kVA)
TT
Tn phn xng
Stt,KV
S my
Smb,K
Tn
01
02
03
A
Phn xng c kh
1400
Phn xng dp
1000
Phn xng lp rp 650
2
2
2
VA
1000
800
500
trm
B1
B2
B3
800
B4
05
nghim trung tm
Phn xng c kh v 240,98
500
B5
06
trm bm
6
Phn xng ch th 339,9
500
B6
07
v khu nh xe
B phn KCS v kho 520
630
B7
s1+
04
B phn hnh chinh

Phn xng lp rp s 1093,3
2
phng
th
thnh phm
Chn my bin p do ABB ch to 10/0,4 (KV)
IV) Phng n i dy mng cao p
1/ Phng n 1 : Cc trm bin p c ly trc tip t trm
phn PPTT:
32
2/ Phng n 2: l trm bin p PPTT c ly in lin thng

qua trm gn trm PPTT:
8
7
11
Khun vin
xnghip
10
3)Chn cp:
t trm bin p trung gian 220/10 kV v trm
PPTT ca nh my di 5 km s dng ng dy trn khng dy

nhm li thp , l kp .
33

Tra bng vi dy dn AC v Tmax =4500h c J=1.1(A/mm 2)
Itt=
S ttnm
2 3U dm
I
4372 .95
2 3 10
= 126.2( A)
126.2
2
ttnm
Fkt = J = 1.1 = 114.7( Am )
kt
Chn dy nhm li thp tit din 120 mm2 c Icp=375(A)

.Khi dt mt dy cn li mt dy chuym ti ton b cng sut
Isc=2Itt =2 126.2=252.4 (A)
Isc<Icp
Tho mn
Kim tra li theo iu kin tn tht in p v pht nng :

U=
=
P R + Q X
U dm
2788.37 0.27 5 + 3368 .838 0.35 6
2 10
= 482.9(V)
Ucp= 5%Um=500VU<Ucp Tho mn
4)So snh 2 phng n
Mc ch tnh ton ca phn ny l so snh tng i
ga 2 phng n
cp in , ch tnh ton so snh phn khc nhau gia2 phng
n . C hai phng n u c nhng phn t ging nhau : ng
dy cung cp t trm bin p trung gian v trm phn phi trung
tm ca nh my , 7 trm bin p . V th ch so snh k thut
_ kinh t gia hai mng cao p ca nh my .
*) Phng n 1
Chn cp
34

Chn cp t trm PPTT n cc trm bin p phn xng c
dng cp ng 10kV , 3 li cch in XLPE ai thp v PC
Vi cp ng T= 4500h tra bng ta c Jkt=3.1 A/mm2
+)Chn cp t PPTT n B1 :
Imax=
Fkt=
1400
2 3 10
= 40.86( A)
40.86
= 13.04mm 2
3.1
Chn cp ng 3 li cch in XLPE ai thp v PVC tit

din 16mm2
Imax=
Fkt=
1000
2 3 10
= 28.87( A)
28.87
= 9.3mm 2
3.1

din 16mm2
Imax=
Fkt=
650
2 3 10
= 18.76( A)
18.76
= 6.05mm 2
3.1

din 16mm2
Imax=
Fkt=
1093.3
2 3 10
= 31.55( A)
31.55
= 10.18mm 2
3.1
35

din 16mm2
Imax=
Fkt=
240.99
3 10
= 13.91( A)
13.91
= 4.49mm 2
3.1

din 16mm2
Imax=
Fkt=
339.9
3 10
= 19.62( A)
19.62
= 6.33mm 2
3.1

din 16mm2
+)Chn cp t PPTT n B7:
Imax=
Fkt=
520
3 10
= 30.02( A)
30.02
= 9.68mm 2
3.1

din 16mm2
ng cp
PPTT_B1
PPTT_B2
PPTT_B3
F,mm
16
16
16
Gi
L,m
100 2
72 2
40 2
36
10 /m
48
48
48
Tin 103
9600
6912
3840

PPTT_B4
PPTT_B5
PPTT_B6
PPTT_B7
16
16
16
16
64 2
88
64
156
48
48
48
48
6144
4224
3072
7488
=41 280 000
Tn tht cng sut tc dng :

P=
S2
R 10 3 (kW )
2
U
+) S_ :cng sut truyn ti (kVA)

+) U :in p truyn ti (kV)
+)R in tr tc dng ()
_Tn tht trn on cp t trm PPTT ti B1 ro=1.47(/km)
L=100 m R=r0 L/2
R=1.47 0.1/2=0.0736()
P=
1400 2
0.0736 10 3 = 1.441 (kW)
10 2

L=72 m R=r0 L/2
R=1.47 0.072/2=0.053()
1000 2
P= 2 0.053 10 3 = 0.530 (kW)
10

L=40m R=r0 L/2
R=1.47 0.04/2=0.0294()
37

P=
650 2
0.0294 10 3 = 0.124 (kW)
2
10

L=64m R=r0 L/2
R=1.47 0.064/2=0.065()
P=
1093 .3 2
0.065 10 3 = 0.776 (kW)
2
10

L=88 m R=r0 L
R=1.47 0.088=0.189()
240.98 2
0.189 10 3 = 0.075 (kW)
P=
2
10

L=64 m R=r0 L
R=1.47 0.064=0.094()
P=
339.9 2
0.094 10 3 = 0.108 (kW)
10 2

L=156 m R=r0 L
R=1.47 0.156=0.232()
520 2
P= 2 0.232 10 3 = 0.627 (kW)
10
Vi cc tuyn cp khc ta c :
ng cp F,mm2
PPTT-B1 16
PPTT-B2 16
L,m
100
72
ro,/km
1.47
1.47
38
R,
0.074
0.053
Stt,kVA
1400
1000
P,kW
1.441
0.530

PPTT-B3
PPTT-B4
16
16
PPTT-B5
PPTT-B6
PPTT-B7
40
64
16
16
16
88
64
156
1.47
1.47
1.47
1.47
1.47
0.029
0.065
650
1093.0
0.126
0.776
0.129
0.094
0.232
3
240.98
339.9
520
0.076
0.108
0.628
P=3.685(kW)
Tn tht in nng:
A=P
Tnh ton kinh t :
Hm chi ph tnh ton hng nm ca mt phng n :
Z= (atc + a vh ) ki + c A
Trong :
atc: h s thu hi vn u t
a vh : h s vn hnh
ki : vn u t
C A: Ph tn vn hnh hng nm
Tnh ton vi ng cp ta ly :
Tmax= 4500 h =
Vi
(0.124+
10
4500)2
3000(h)
Ly
avh=0.1 ;
atc=0.2;
c=750/kWh
Ph tnh ton hng nm ca phng n 1:

Z1=(0.1+0.2) 41 280 000 +750 3.685 3000
= 20 675 250
39
8760

*)Phng n 2:
Chn cp :
Cng chn cng mt loi cp nh phng n mt :
+) Chn cp t PPTT n B2 Tuyn cp ny cp in
cho c B1&B2:
Imax=
Fkt=
S1 + S 2
2 3 U dm
1400 + 1000
2 3 10
= 69.282( A)
69.282
= 22.349mm2
3.1
chn cp ng F=25mm2 vi Icp =140(A)

+)Chn cp t B2 n B1 :
Imax =
Fkt=
S1
2 3 10
1400
2 3 10
= 40.415( A)
16.769
= 13.037(mm2 )
3.1
+) Chn cp t PPTT n B6 cung cp cho B6 & B5 :

Imax=
Fkt=
S1 + S 2
3 U dm
240 .986 + 339 .9

3 10
= 33.538 ( A)
33.538
= 10.819mm 2
3 .1
Imax =
Fkt=
S1
3 10
240.986
3 10
= 13.913( A)
13.913
= 4.488(mm 2 )
3.1
Cc ng cp khc chn nh phng n mt :

Ta c bng tnh ton chn cp nh sau:
40

ng cp
PPTT-B2
B2 -B 1
PPTT-B3
PPTT-B4
PPTT-B6
B6- B5
PPTT-B7
F,mm2
25
16
16
16
16
16
16
L,m
60 2
72 2
20 2
72 2
64 1
60 1
156 1
Gi 103 Tin 103

75
9000
48
6480
48
3840
48
6144
48
3072
48
2880
48
6912
=38 320 000
Tn tht cng sut tc dng :

Tn tht trn on cp t trm PPTT ti B2 vi ro
=0.93()
R= ro L/2=0.93 60/2 10-3 =0.0279 ()
P=
(1400 0.6 + 1000 0.6) 2 + (1400 0.8 + 1000 0.8) 2 0.0279 10 3 = 1.607(kW )
10 2
Tn tht trn on cp t trm B1 ti B2 vi ro =1.47()

R= ro L/2=1.47 72/2 10-3 =0.053 ()
1400 2
P= 2 0.053 10 3 = 1.0388(kW )
10
Tn tht trn on cp t trm PPTT ti B6 vi ro =1.47()

R= ro L/2=1.47 64 10-3 =0.094 ()
580.88 2
0.094 10 3 = 0.317 (kW )
P=
2
10
Tn tht trn on cp t trm B6 ti B5vi ro =1.47()

R= ro L/2=1.47 60 10-3 =0.088 ()
P=
240.98 2
0.088 10 3 = 0.051(kW )
10 2
Tng t cho cc tuyn cp khc ta c :

41

ng cp F,mm2
PPTT-B2 25
L,m
60
ro , /m
0.93
R()
0.0279
Stt,kVA
2400
P,kW
1.607
B2-B1
16
72
1.47
0.053
1400
1.039
PPTT-B3
16
40
1.47
0.029
650
0.126
PPTT-B4
16
64
1.47
0.065
109303
0.776
PPTT-B6
16
40
1.47
0.094
586.88
0.317
B6-B5
16
30
1.47
0.088
240.98
0.051
PPTT-B7
16
156
1.47
0.232
520
0.628
P=4.544(kW)
Ph tnh ton hng nm ca phng n2:
Z2=(0.1+0.2) 38 320 000 +750 4.544 3000
= 21 720 000
Qua vic tnh ton trn ta thy Z1 > Z2 . Mt khc nu
xt v tm quan trng ca nh my v tin cy ca phng n
th phng n mt c li hn phng n hai , phng n mt rt
thun tin cho vic vn hnh v sa cha thay th . Do cc u
im trn ta quyt nh chn phng n mt .
5)Tnh chn cp h p t my bin p ti cc phn xng
V tit dy h p ln ln tn tht in p , nhng ng dy
ngn nn U rt
b ch kim tra khi cn thit
42

y ta chn theo Icp ( dng in pht nng cho php lm
vic lu di. Chn Icp th ta tn dng c ton b kh nng ti
ca dy
K1 K2 Icp Itt
Trong :
Icp : thng s ny do nh ch to cho
K1 :h s hiu chnh to , k n s gia to mi
trng t dy
v mi trng ch to
K2 : h s hiu chnh to , k n s lng cp t
chung mt
rnh
+)Tnh chn cp h p t trm bin p s 3 ti b phn hnh
chnh v ban qun l :
Itt=
S ttpx
3 U
50
3 0.4
= 72.168( A)
Chn cp ng h p mt li c tit din 10 mm2 c cc thng

s sau:
d,m
F,
mm
1 10
M,kg/k
Li
V
Min
Max
3.80
7.7
9.2
150
ro ,
20o
C
1.83
Icp , A
Trong
Ngoi
nh
tri
87
80
+) Tnh chn cp h p t trm bin p s 5 ti trm bm :

Itt=
S ttpx
3 U
112
3 0.4
43
= 161.66( A)

Chn cp ng h p mt li c tit din 35 mm2 c cc
thng s sau:
d,m
F,
mm
1 35
M,kg/k
Li
V
Min
Max
7.1
11.4
13.5
425
ro ,
20o
C
0.524
Icp , A
Trong
Ngoi
nh
tri
174
169
+) Tnh chn cp h p t trm bin p s 6 ti khu nh xe :

Itt=
S ttpx
3 U
6.6
3 0.4
= 9.5( A)
Chn cp ng h p mt li c tit din 1.5 mm2 c cc

thng s sau:
d,m
F,
mm
1.5
M,kg/k
Li
V
Min
Max
1.4
5.3
6.6
49
ro ,
20o
C
12.1
Icp , A
Trong
Ngoi
nh
31
tri
24
+) Tnh chn cp h p t trm bin p s 4ti phng th

nghim trung tm :
Itt=
S ttpx
3 U
160
3 0.4
= 230.9( A)
Chn cp ng h p mt li c tit din 70 mm2 c cc

thng s sau:
d,m
F,
mm
70
M,kg/k
Li
V
Min
Max
10.10
14.4
17.0
766
44
ro ,
20o
C
0.268
Icp , A
Trong
Ngoi
nh
254
tri
268

V)V s nguyn l mng cao p nh my ;
*) Chn s :
Theo kt qu tnh ton , ta quyt nh dng s mt h
thng thanh gp c phn on cho trm PPTT .
Ti mi tuyn dy vo ,ra khi thanh gp v lin lc gia hai
phn on thanh u dng my ct hp b ;
Do U=10kV ng dy tng i thp nn bo v
chng st truyn t ng dy vo trm ta ch t chng st
van trn mi on thanh gp , nu khu vc xy dng nh my
trng tri ta c th t thm chng st ng lm gim bt cng ca st (nhim v chnh l bo v cho chng st
van)
t trn mi on thanh gp mt my bin p o lng 3
pha 5 tr c cun tam gic h mch bo chm t 1 pha ;
V trm bin p phn xng rt gn trm PPTT , pha cao p
ch cn t dao cch ly , pha h p t ptmt tng v cc
ptmt nhnh .Trm hai my bin p t thm p tmt lin lc
gia hai phn on
*) Nguyn l hot ng :
_Khi lm vic bnh thng (khng c s c) cc my ct lin lc
gia hai phn on thanh gp v p t mt lin lc gia hai my
bin p s lun trng thi m , cc my bin p lm vic c
lp vi nhau ( vn hnh h)
_ Khi gp s c (mt trong hai my bin p b hng ) th cc
my ct pha cao p v cc ptmt pha h p s ct ra . Lc
cc my ct lin lc gia hai phn on thanh gp v p t mt
45

lin lc gia hai my bin p s c ng li lin thng gia
hai phn on.
46

S nguyn l mng cao p
47
S ni dy hai my bin p:
S ni dy mt my bin p :
48

VI) Tnh ton ngn mch kim tra cc thit b in
chn:
Mc ch : Tnh ngn mch l chn v kim tra cc
thit b cho s cung cp .
V khng bit cu trc ca h thng nn ta s dng php
tnh gn ng in khng h thng qua cng sut ct ngn
mch ca my ct u ngun.Vi nhng phn t m dng ngn
mch khng chy qua v cc phn t c in khng khng nh hng ng k nh my ct , dao dcch ly , aptomat...
Mng cao p c th khng cn tnh n in
tr tc
dng . Cc h thng cung cp in xa ngun v cng sut l

nh so vi h thng in quc gia ,mng in tnh ton l mng
in h , mt ngun cung cp cho php ta tnh ton ngn mch
n gin trc tip .
i vi mng in h p v tit din dy b , dng in ln
nn in tr tc dng c nh hng ng k n gi tr ngn
mch . V th ta khng th b qua khi tnh ton .
1)Tnh ton In trong li cao p :
N1
N2
N3
MC
dk
PPTT
Cp
BAPX
__S thay th tnh ton In :

XH
ZD
N1
49
Zc
N2
Zba
n3

XH :in khng ca h thng in
*)Trc ht ta cn tnh ngn mch im N1 : kim tra
U tb2
XH =
()
S cdm
my ct v thanh gp
My ct u ng dy trn khng l loi 8DC11 c:

XH =
10.5 2
3 10 63
= 0.1 ()
ng y AC 120 c ro =0.27 /km v xo =0.4 /km T ta c

Zd:
Zd = ( 0.27 5 + j 0.4 5 )/2
Dng in ngn mch ti im N1 :
IN1
10.5
U tb
2
2
= 3 Z =
0.27 5
0.4 5
=4.697( kA)
3
+ 0.1
+
*) Tnh im ngn mch ti im N2 : kim tra cp v

cc t cao p cc trm
+)Tnh cho tuyn trm PPTT ti B1 :
Rc=ro l/2
=1.47 10-3 100/2
= 0.074 ()
Xo=xo l/2
= 0.128 10-3 100/2
= 0.006 ()
Z =
0.675+j 1.1+0.074 +j 0.006
= 0.749 + j1.106 ()
50

Rc=ro l/2
=1.47 10-3 72/2
= 0.053 ()
Xo=xo l/2
= 0.128 10-3 72/2
= 0.005()
Z =
0.675+j 1.1+0.053 +j 0.005
= 0.728 +j 1.105 ()
Rc=ro l/2
=1.47 10-3 40/2
= 0.029 ()
Xo=xo l/2
= 0.128 10-3 40/2
= 0.003()
Z =
0.675+j 1.1+0.029 +j 0.003
= 0.704 +j 1.103 ()
Rc=ro l/2
=1.47 10-3 64/2
= 0.065 ()
Xo=xo l/2
51

= 0.128 10-3 64/2
= 0.004()
Z =
0.675+j 1.1+0.065 +j 0.004
= 0.740 +j 1.104 ()
Rc=ro l
=1.47 10-3 88
= 0.129 ()
Xo=xo l
= 0.128 10-3 88
= 0.011()
Z =
0.675+j 1.1+0.129 +j 0.011
= 0.804 +j 1.111 ()
Rc=ro l
=1.47 10-3 64
= 0.094 ()
Xo=xo l
= 0.128 10-3 64
= 0.008()
Z =
0.675+j 1.1+0.094 +j 0.008
= 0.769 +j 1.108 ()
52

Rc=ro l
=1.47 10-3 156
= 0.232 ()
Xo=xo l
= 0.128 10-3 156
= 0.020()
Z =
0.675+j 1.1+0.232 +j 0.020
= 0.907+j 1.120 ()
Tnh dng ngn mch cho tuyn cp t trm PPTT ti B1 :
IN1=
=
U tb
3Z
10.5
3 0.749 2 + 1.106 2
= 4.538(kA)
Ixk= 3 1.8 I N 1
= 3 1.8 4.538
= 14.148 (kA)
IN1=
=
U tb
3Z
10.5
3 0.728 2 + 1.105 2
Ixk= 3 1.8 I N 1
= 3 1.8 4.581
= 14.282 (kA)
53
= 4.581(kA)

Tnh dng ngn mch cho tuyn cp t trm PPTT ti B3:
IN1=
=
U tb
3Z
10.5
3 0.704 2 + 1.103 2
= 4.633(kA)
Ixk= 3 1.8 I N 1
= 3 1.8 4.633
= 14.444 (kA)
IN1=
=
U tb
3Z
10.5
3 0.740 2 + 1.104 2
= 4.561(kA)
Ixk= 3 1.8 I N 1
= 3 1.8 4.561
= 14.219 (kA)
IN1=
=
U tb
3Z
10.5
3 0.804 2 + 1.1112
= 4.420(kA)
Ixk= 3 1.8 I N 1
= 3 1.8 4.420
= 13.782 (kA)
54

IN1=
=
U tb
3Z
10.5
3 0.769 2 + 1.108 2
= 4.495(kA)
Ixk= 3 1.8 I N 1
= 3 1.8 4.495
= 14.013 (kA)
IN1=
=
U tb
3Z
10.5
3 0.907 + 1.120
2
= 4.206(kA)
Ixk= 3 1.8 I N 1
= 3 1.8 4.206
= 13.114 (kA)
Ta c bng s liu sau:
ng cp
PPTT B1
PPTT B2
PPTT B3
PPTT B4
PPTT B5
PPTT B6
PPTT B7
R
0.749
0.728
0.704
0.740
0.804
0.769
0.907
X
1.006
1.005
1.003
1.004
1.011
1.008
1.020
IN2
4.538
4.581
4.633
4.561
4.420
4.492
4.206
*)Tnh dng ngn mch ti im N3:

55
Ixk
14.148
14.282
14.444
14.219
13.782
14.013
13.114

_Trc ht ta tnh cc tng tr ca cc my bin p phn xng :
Tnh trong h tng i ta chn :
Scb = 100 (KVA)
Ta c :
RB =
S cb
S dm
XB =
U % S cb
100 S dm
+) Tng tr ca cc my bin p :
My
bin Sm ,kVA
p
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
B6
B7
2 1000
2 800
2 500
2 800
500
500
630
PN ,kW
UN %
RB
XB
13
10.5
7
10.5
7
7
8.2
5.5
5.5
4.5
5.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
1.3
1.6
2.8
1.6
2.8
2.8
2.1
5.5
6.9
9
6.9
9
9
7.1
_Dng in ngn mch ti thanh ci h p ca cc my bin p

phn xng :
1
IN4 = R + X
Icb =
S cb
3U cb3
; Ucb =0.4 kV
IN =IN4 Icb
56

Ixk= 2 1.8 I N
im N3
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
B6
B7
R ,
2.049
2.328
3.504
2.340
3.604
3.569
3.007
IN4
0.147
0.121
0.094
0.121
0.094
0.094
0.115
X ,
6.506
7.905
10.003
7.904
10.001
10.008
8.120
IN ,kA
21.218
17.465
13.568
17.465
13.568
13.568
16.566
Ixk ,kA
54.012
44.459
34.538
44.458
34.538
34.538
42.170
2)Chn v kim tra cc thit b phn cao p :

+) Chn v kim tra my ct : My ct l thit b quan trng
trong mng cao p dng ng ct dng in ph ti , ct
dng in ngn mch .My ct in c chn theo iu kin
in p nh mc , dng in nh mc , kim tra iu kin
n nh ng v n nh nhit . Ngoi ra cn chn theo kiu
my ct
iu kin chn v kin tra :
UmMC Um,m
Imct IN
Im / Ixk
Icb
ImMC
Trong :
Icb
: dng in cng bc
IN
: dng in ngn mch
Ixk
: dng in xung kch

57

Um,m
: in p nh mc ca mng in
m my ct mc vo
Imct
: dng in ct nh mc
Im /
: dng in n nh ng
IMmc
: dng in nh mc ca my ct
UmMC : in p nh mc ca my ct
- Chn t my ct ca hng SIEMENS cch in bng SF6
khng cn bo tr ,loi 8DC11.h thng thanh gp t sn
trong cc t c dng nh mc 1250A
Loi MC
Um, kV
8DC11
12
Im , A ca
thanh ci
1250
IN,kA 1_3 s
IN, kA max
25
63
_ Kim tra :
Um > 10(kV)
Im MC > Icb= 126.2 (A)
Im ct > IN =4.6 97 (kA)
I/ > Ixk = 14.644 (kA) tho mn
+) Chn v kim tra dao cch ly cp 10 kV: Nhim v
ch yu ca dao cch ly l to ra mt khong h cch in trng
thy gia b phn ang mang dng in v b phn c ct
in nhm mc ch m bo an ton cho cc nhn vin sa
cha thit b in. Dao cch ly ch dng ct khi khng c
dng .
iu kin chn v kim tra :
UmDCL Um.m
(iu kin in p nh mc )
58

ImDCL Icb
( iu kin dng in lu di
nh mc )
im,
ixk
Im.nh
(iu kin n nh ng )
t qd
(dng in n nh nhit
t dm.nh
trong thi gian n nh nhit .)

Chn t phn phi c u vo 10 kV c dao cch ly 3 v
tr cch in
bng SF6 khng phi bo tr , loi 8DH10
Thit
Loi
Cch
in
dng
8DH1
SF6
im
s Um,k
V
t c th m 12
rng
Im,
In,kV IN,A
1s
200 25
Max ng
63
ct
Cu
ch
+)Chn v kim tra cu ch : Cu ch dng bo v

mch in xoay chiu v mt chiu khi ngn mch ngoi ra cn
c th bo v qu ti .Thi gian ct ngn mch ca cu ch ph
thuc nhiu vo vt liu lm dy chy .
iu kin chn v kim tra :
UmCC Um.m
ImCC Icb
(iu kin in p nh mc )
( iu kin dng in lu di
nh mc )
im,
ixk
(iu kin n nh ng )
59

+)Chn cc t ptmt tng v t ptmt nhnh
_ Vi trm mt my bin p t mt t ptmt tng v
mt t ptmt nhnh
__Vi trm hai my bin p ta t 5 t :
2 t ptmt tng
1 t ptmt phn on
2 t ptmt nhnh
ptmt c chn theo dng lm vic lu di :
ImA Ilv max =Itt =
ImA Ilv max =Itt =
S ttpx
3 U
( i vi my bin p mt my )
S ttpx
2 3 U
( i vi my bin p hai my )
Dng qua cc ptmt tng : Vi cc my bin p tng sau my

bin p , d tr c th chn theo dng nh mc ca MBA
+)Dng in ln nht qua ptmt tng ca B1:
Imax =
1000
3 0.4
= 1443 .4( A)

Imax =
800
3 0.4
= 1154.7( A)

Imax =
500
3 0.4
= 721.7( A)

Imax =
800
3 0.4
= 1154.7( A)

60

Imax =
315
3 0.4
= 454.7( A)

Imax =
400
3 0.4
= 577.4( A)

Imax =
630
3 0.4
= 909.3( A)
Ta c bng sau:
Trm bin
p
B1
2 1000kV
A
B2
2 800kVA
Loi
S lng
Um (V)
Im (A)
IN (kA)
CM1600
N
C1001N
C1251N
C801N
3
4
690
690
1600
1000
50
25
3
4
690
690
1250
800
50
25
B3
2 500kVA
C801N
NS630N
3
4
690
690
800
630
25
10
B4
2 800kVA
C1251N
C801N
3
4
690
690
1250
800
50
25
B5
1 315kVA
NS630N
NS250N
1
2
690
690
630
250
10
10
B6
1 400kVA
NS630N
NS250N
1
2
690
690
630
250
10
10
B7
1 630kVA
C1001N
NS630N
1
2
690
690
1000
630
25
10
Chng IV:
61

Thit k mng h p cho
phn xng sa cha c kh
I) Xc nh ph ti tnh ton ca phn xng :
Xc nh PPTT cung cp in cho mt xng sa cha c kh
bao gm:
+)Phn nhm ph ti ,xc nh ph ti tnh ton ca tng
nhm
+)Xc nh ph ti chiu sng ca phn xng
+) Xc nh ph ti tnh ton ton phn xng
Cc cng vic trn c tnh ton phn xc nh PPTT ca
ton nh my ,nn phn tnh ton h p ta s s dng kt qu
:
Bng 2_1 : Cng sut t ca cc nhm :
Nhm ph ti
Cng sut (kw)
54.2
58.1
53.2
58.12
50.6
62
bng1:
Nhm
Thit
b lng
Kt qu tnh ton PTTT ca phn xng sa cha c kh
P
t(
kw)
Ph ti tnh ton
H s
sd
cos
nhq
kmax
Ptt
(kw)
11
54.2
0.15
0.6
10
2.10 17.073
10
58.1
0.15
0.6
2.31 20.132
10
53.2
0.15
0.6
10
2.10 16.758
58.1
0.15
0.6
2.31 20.132
12
50.6
0.15
0.6
10
2.10 15.939
63
Qtt
Stt
Itt (A)
22.76 28.45 43.23

4
5
3
26.83 33.55 50.94
4
3
8
22.34 27.93 43.43
4
0
5
26.83 33.55 50.97
4
3
8
21.15 26.56 40.36
2

II ) Tnh ton ngn mch h p phn xng sa cha c
kh :
S tnh ngn mch : V trm bin p t ti phn xng c kh nn cp dn t trm bin p phn xng ti t phn
phi ca phn xng rt ngn c th b qua in tr ca
on cp .Coi im ngn mch N3 cng l im
N4
N3
V trm bin p t ngay ti phn xng sa cha c kh nn

on cp ni t trm bin p n phn xng l rt ngn
,in tr ca cp cng rt b ta c th b qua khi tnh ngn
mch : Ta coi nh im N3 gn trng vi im N4 m im
ngn mch N3 ta tnh trn .
III )S cung cp mng in phn xng
1)Mt s yu cu i vi mng in phn xng
_ S cung cp in cho cc thit b trong phn xng
ph thuc vo cng sut thit b ,c lng v c phn b
chng tranga mtbng phn xng v nhiu yu t khc :
m bo tin cy
Thun tin cho lp rp vn hnh
C cc ch tiu kinh t k thut ti u
Cho php dng cc phng php lp t cng
nghip ho nhanh
64

2) Cc hnh thc i dy v phm vi s dng ca s :
a)S hnh tia :
Ni dy r rng
tin cy cao
Cc ph ti t nh hng ln nhau
D thc hin phng php bo v v t ng ho
D vn hnh bo qun
Vn u t ln
b)S ng dy trc chnh ;
Vn u t thp
Lp t nhanh
tin cy khng cao
Dng ngn mch ln
Thc hin bo v v t ng ho kh
T nhng phn tch trn ta quyt nh chn phng n s
hnh tia :(Ring trong mt nhm ph ti c th s dng ng
cp trc chnh )
- cp in cho cc ng c my cng c ta t trong
xng mt t phn phi nhn in t trm bins p v cp
in cho 5 t ng lc t ri rc cnh tng phn xng v
mt t chiu sng .Mi t ng lc cp in cho mt nhm
ph ti ;
-t ti t phn phi ca trm bin p mt aptomat u
ngun , t y dn in v phn xng bng cp ngm .
-T phn phi ca xng t mt aptomat tng u vo
v 6 aptomat nhnh u ra cp in cho cc t ng lc v
t chiu sng
65

-T ng lc ic cp in bng ng cp hnh tia
u vo t cu dao _cu ch , cc nhnh ra t cu ch
-Trong mt nhm ph ti , cc ph ti c cng sut ln th
c cp bng ng cp hnh tia cn cc ph ti c cng sut
b th c th gp thnh nhm v c cung cp bng ng
cp trc chnh
IV)Chn thit b cho t phn phi v t ng lc
Theo yu cu ca nh my phn h p ca phn xng sa cha
c kh s dng thit b do Lin X c (Nga) ch to . Ring cp
h p chn cp do LENS ch to :
1) Chn cp t trm BA v t phn phi ca phn xng :
I =
S
3U dm
138.986
3 0.38
= 211.2( A)
Chn cp ng 4 li cch in cao su c v thp tit din 70

mm 2,c :
Icp =260 A CP (3 70 +1 50)
2)Chn aptomat u ngun t ti trm BA loi A3140 c Im
=300A
3)Chn t PP ca phn xng :
Aptomat tng chn A3140 nh aptomat u ngun
Aptomat ca 6 nhnh chn loi A3120 c Im=100A
Tra bng ta chn t phn phi loi P-9322
Ta c bng thng s k thut ca aptomat:
Loi Aptomat
A3140
A3120
Um, V
500
500
Im,A
600
100
4)Chn cp t t phn phi ti cc t ng lc :

+)Cp t t PP ti t ng lc mt :
66
Igh ct N ,kA
25
15

KhcIcp Itt = 43.233A
khcIcp
I kdnh
1.25 100
= 83.3 A
=
1,5
1.5
Thit k cp chn di t ring tng tuyn nn chn khc=1

Chn cp ng 4 li tit din 10 mm2 c Icp =85A
+)Cp t t PP ti t ng lc hai :
khcIcp
I kdnh
1.25 100
= 83.3 A
=
1,5
1.5

+)Cp t t PP ti t ng lc ba :
khcIcp
I kdnh
1.25 100
= 83.3 A
=
1,5
1.5

+)Cp t t PP ti t ng lc bn :
khcIcp
I kdnh
1.25 100
= 83.3 A
=
1,5
1.5

+)Cp t t PP ti t ng lc nm :
khcIcp
I kdnh
1.25 100
= 83.3 A
=
1,5
1.5

67

Ta c bng chn cp t t PP ti cc t L:
Tuyn cp
PP-L1
PP-L2
PP-L3
PP-L4
PP-L5
Itt ,A
43.233
50.948
43.435
50.978
40.361
Fcp ,mm2
10
10
10
10
10
Icp ,A
85
85
85
85
85
5)La chn cc t L_ V dy dn ti cc ng c:
Cc t ng lc u chon loi do Lin X c ch to :
C62 - 7/1 u vo cu dao_cu ch 400A
,u ra 100A
hoc 40A
T phn phi trung tm
AT
A
1
3
6
A
1
T ng lc
68

Bng 3-2
C
D
C
T
CT
C1
C8
Nhm mt bao gm cc my sau:

Nhm 1:
1_My tin ren
2 7 (kw)
2_My tin ren
1 7
3_My tin ren
2 4.5
5_My khoan ng
1 2.8
6_My khoan ng
1 4.5
7_My phay vn nng
1 4.5
8_My bo ngang
1 5.6
9_My mi trn vn nng
1 2.8
10_My mi phng
1 4
*)Chn dy dn v cu ch bo v cho my Tin ren loi 7 kW

gm 3 my:
_Chn theo iu kin dng in cho php :
+Chon theo dng lm vic nh mc :
Idc Im = 16.36 A
+Chn theo iu kin m my :
69

Gi thit ta chon k=5, m my nh =2.5 ta c :
Idc
5 I dm
= 32.72A
2.5
Chn Idc=40A
Chn cp h p hai li cch in h p do LENS ch to c
F=2 1.5 mm2 v
Icp = 37A
Kim tra:
0.95 37 17.36A
0.95 37
40
= 13.3 A
3
*)Cu ch bo v cho my Tin ren loi 4.5 kW : (gm hai

my )
Idc Im = 10.52A
Idc
5 I dm
= 21.04A Chn Idc=25A
2.5

F=2 1.5 mm2 v
Icp = 37A
Kim tra:
0.95 37 10.52A
0.95 37
30
= 8.33 A
3
*)Cu ch bo v cho my khoan ng loi 2.8 kW :

Idc Im = 6.54A
70

Idc
5 I dm
= 13.08A Chn Idc=15A
2.5

F=2 1.5 mm2 v
Icp = 37A
Kim tra:
0.95 37 13.08A
0.95 37
15
= 5A
3
*)Cu ch bo v cho my khoan ng loi 4.5 kW :

Idc Im = 10.52 A
Idc
5 I dm
= 21.04 A Chn Idc=25A
2.5

F=2 1.5 mm2 v
Icp = 37A
Kim tra:
0.95 37 10.52A
0.95 37
30
= 9.33 A
3
*)Cu ch bo v cho my phay vn nng loi 4.5 kW :

Idc Im = 10.52 A
71

Idc
5 I dm
= 21.04 A Chn Idc=25A
2.5

F=2 1.5 mm2 v
Icp = 37A
Kim tra:
0.95 37 10.52A
0.95 37
30
= 9.33 A
3
*)Cu ch bo v cho my bo ngang loi 5.6 kW :

Idc Im = 13.09 A
Idc
5 I dm
= 26.20 A Chn Idc=30A
2.5

F=2 1.5 mm2 v
Icp = 37A
Kim tra:
0.95 37 13.09A
0.95 37
30
= 10 A
3
*)Cu ch bo v cho my my mi trn vn nng loi 2.8 kW :

Idc Im = 6.54 A
Idc
5 I dm
= 13.20 A Chn Idc=15A
2.5
72

F=2 1.5 mm2 v
Icp = 37A
Kim tra:
0.95 37 6.54A
0.95 37
15
= 5A
3
*)Cu ch bo v cho my my mi phng loi 4 kW :

Idc Im = 9.35 A
Idc
5 I dm
=18.70 A Chn Idc=20A
2.5

F=2 1.5 mm2 v
Icp = 37A
Kim tra:
0.95 37 9.35A
20
= 6.67 A
3
0.95 37
Kt qu tnh ton ghi trong bng tnh ton di :

S
Tn my
Ph ti
Cu ch
m Pu,
Iu,
hiu
Ic
k
W
vo
/ Icp
A
1
Nhm 1:
My tin ren
16.
My tin ren
4
16.
d,mm
mm
Li
100/4
37
2.5
1.4
0
100/4
37
2.5
1.4
73
Dy dn

My tin ren
4.
10.
100/3
37
2.5
1.4
My khoan ng
5
2.
5
6.5
0
40/15
37
2.5
1.4
My khoan ng
8
4.
10.
40/25
37
2.5
1.4
5
4.
5
10.
100/3
37
2.5
1.4
5
5.
5
13.
0
100/3
37
2.5
1.4
vn 1
6
2.
1
6.5
0
40/15
37
2.5
1.4
8
4
9.3
40/20
37
2.5
1.4
10
23.
100/
37
2.5
1.4
50
100/
37
2.5
1.4
30
100/
37
2.5
1.4
2.5
1.4
My phay vn nng
My bo ngang
My
mi
trn
nng
My mi phng
Nhm 2
My tin ren
My dao ngng
4.
3
10.
My phay ng
5
4.
5
10.
trn
vn 1
5
2.
5
6.5
30
40/ 15 37
nng
My p thu lc
8
4.
10.
100/
37
2.5
1.4
5
2.
5
6.5
30
40/ 15 37
2.5
1.4
8
4.
10.
100/
37
2.5
1.4
5
4.
5
10.
30
100/
37
2.5
1.4
10
23.
3
16.
1
1
My
my
My mi sc
My mi dao ct gt
My khoan ng
30
Nhm 3:
My tin ren
My tin ren
My phay chp hnh
My mi trn
1
4
100/5
37
2.5
1.4
0
100/
37
2.5
1.4
0.
4
1.4
40
40/ 6
37
2.5
1.4
6
4.
10.
100/
37
2.5
1.4
74

1
5
4.
5
10.
My mi phng c 1
5
2.
trc
My mi sc
8
2.
My khoan bn
30
100/
37
2.5
1.4
5
6.5
30
40/ 15 37
2.5
1.4
6.5
40/ 15 37
2.5
1.4
3
7
7.0
16.
40/ 15 37
100/
37
2.5
2.5
1.4
1.4
40
100/3
37
2.5
1.4
0
100/
37
2.5
1.4
37
2.5
1.4
Nhm 4:
My phay chp hnh
My phay vn nng
1
2
My phay chp hnh
5.
4
13.
My phay ngang
6
4.
1
10.
My bo ngang
5
7
5
16.
30
100/4
10
4
23.
0
100/
37
2.5
1.4
3
16.
50
100/
37
2.5
1.4
My bo ging mt 1
tr
My khoan hng tm
40
Nhm 5:
My doa to
My phay ng
My phay chp hnh
My xc
1
1
1
2
16.
4.5
4
10.
1.7
4.5
5
4.0
10.
My tin ren
5
16.
My mi phng
10
4
23.
My ca
4.5
3
10.
My mi 2 pha
My khoan bn
2
2
2.8
0.6
5
6.5
1.4
100/
37
2.5
1.4
40
100/
37
2.5
1.4
30
40/ 10 37
100/
37
2.5
2.5
1.4
1.4
30
100/
37
2.5
1.4
40
100/
37
2.5
1.4
50
100/
37
2.5
1.4
40
40/ 15 37
40/ 6
37
2.5
2.5
1.4
1.4
75

*) Chn cu ch tng cho cc t ng lc :
+ Cu ch tng cho (L1):
Idc Itt nhm = 126.7 A
n 1
Idc
I mm max + I tti
1
32.72 + 126.7 16.36

= 57.224 A
2.5
Chn cu ch c Idc= 150 A v Iv =400A

n 1
Idc
I mm max + I tti
1
46.6 + 135.8 23.3

= 63.64 A
2.5

n 1
Idc
I mm max + I tti
1
46.6 + 124.4 23.3

= 59.08 A
2.5

n 1
Idc
I mm max + I tti
1
46.6 + 135.9 23.3

= 63.7 A
2.5

n 1
Idc
I mm max + I tti
1
76
46.6 + 118.3 23.3

= 56.64 A
2.5

Chng V:
Tnh b cng sut phn khng cho
li in x nghip
I) ngha v vic b cng sut phn khng trong x nghip:
Phn ln h cng nghip trong qu trnh lm vic tiu th

t mng in c cng sut tc dng P ln cng sut phn
khng Q.Cc ngun tiu th cng sut phn khng l:ng c
77

khng ng b,tiu th khong 60-65% tng cng sut phn
khng ca mng in nh my,my bin p tiu th khong
20-25% .ng dy v cc thit b tiu th khong 10%,tu
thuc vo thit b m nh my c th tiu th mt lng cng
sut phn khng nhiu hay t.
-Truyn ti mt lng cng sut phn khng qua dy dn v
my bin p s gy ra tn tht in p ,tn tht in nng
ln v lm gim kh nng truyn ti trn cc phn t ca mng
in .Do c li v kinh t - k thut trong li in cn
nng cao h s cng sut t nhin hoc a ngun b cng
sut phn khng ti gn ni tiu th tng h s cng sut
cos lm gim lng cng sut phn khng nhn t h thng
in .
II)Cc Bin php nng cao h s cng sut cos t nhin
1. Thay i v ci tin quy trnh cng ngh

cc thit b in lm vic ch hp l nht:
Cn c vo iu kin c th cn xp xp quy trnh cng
ngh mt cch hp l nht .vic gim bt nhng tc ng
nhng nhn cng tha v p dng cc bin php gia cng tin
tin u a ti kt qu tit kim in ,gim bt in nng
tiu th cho mt n v sn phm
Trong nh my ,cc thit b c cng sut ln thng l ni
tiu th nhiu in nng nht v th cn nghin cu cc
thit b vn hnh cc ch kinh t nht v tit kim
nht.
cc nh my c cng sut ln ,cc my thng tiu th

khong t 30-40% cng sut in nng cung cp cho ton nh
78

my .v vy nh ch vn hnh hp l cho cc my c
nh hng ln n vn tit kim in.Theo kinh nghim
vn hnh th h s ph ta ca cc my cng sut ln gn
bng 1 th in nng tiu hao trn mt n v sn phm s
gim ti mc ti thiu ,v vy cn b tr cho cc my ny lun
lun lm vic y ti ,
My bm v qut cng l nhng h tiu th nhiu in, khi
c nhiu my bm hay my qut lm vic song song th phi
iu chnh tc v phng thc vn hnh ca chng
t c phng thc vn hnh kinh t v tit kim nht.Cc l
in(in tr, in cm ,h quang) thng c cng sut ln v
vn hnh lin tc trong thi gian di ,v vy cn sp xp
chng lm vic u trong ba ca,trnh tnh trng lm vic mt
lc gy tnh trng cng thng v phng din cung cp in.
2) Thay th ng c khng ng b lm vic non ti
bng cc ng c c cng sut nh hn:
Khi lm vic ng c ng b tiu th cng sut phn
khng bng
Q=Q0+(Qm-Q0)*Kpt2
Trong :
Q 0:Cng sut phn khng lc ng c lm vic khng
ti
Qm:Cng sut phn khng lc ng c lm vic nh
mc
Kpt:H s ph ti
Cng sut phn khng khng ti Q0 thng chim khong
60-70% cng sut phn khng nh mcQm
79

H s cng sut ca ng c c tnh theo cng thc sau:
Cos =
P
=
S
1
Q 0 + (Q dm - Q 0 ) * K 2 pt
1+
Pdm * K pt
T cc cng thc trn ta d thy nu ng c lm vic

non ti(Kpt) b th Cos s thp.
iu kin kinh t cho php thay th ng c l : vic
thay th phi gim c tn tht cng sut tc dng trong
mng v ng c ,v c c nh vy vic thay th mi c li
.Cc tnh ton cho thy rng :
-Nu K pt<0,45 th vic thay th bao gi cng
c li
-Nu 0,45<Kpt<0,7 th phi so snh kinh t k
thut mi xc nh vic thay th c li hay khng
iu kin k tht cho php thay th ng c l:Vic thay
th phi m bo nhit ca ng c nh hn nhit
cho php,m bo iu kin m my v lm vic ca ng
c.
3) Hn ch ng c chy khng ti:
Cc my cng c trong qu trnh gia cng thng nhiu lc
phi chy khng ti ,chng hn nh chuyn ng t ng tc
gia cng ny sang ng tc gia cng khc ,khi chy li dao
hoc r my cng c th do thao tc ca cng nhn khng hp
l m nhiu lc my phi chy khng ti .Nhiu thng k cho
thy i vi my cng c thi gian chy khng ti chim
khong 35-65% ton b thi gian lm vic .Chng ta bit
80

ng c chy non ti th h s Cos ca n rt thp .V th
hn ch ng c chy khng ti l mt trong nhng bin php
nng cao h s Cos ca ng c.
Bin php hn ch ng c chy non ti c thc hin
theo hai hng :
-Hng th nht l vn dng cng nhn hp l ho cc thao
tc ,hn ch n mc thp nht thi gian chy khng ti;
-Hng th hai l t b hn ch khng ti trong s
khng ch ng c.Thng thng nu ng c chy khng ti
qu thi gian chnh nh t0 no th ng c b ct ra
khi mng .
4) Dng ng c ng b thay th ng c khng
ng b:
nhng my sn xut c cng sut tng i ln v khng

yu cu iu chnh tc my bm,my qut,my nn kh
ta nn dng ng c ng b .V ng c ng b c nhng
u im r rt sau y so vi ng c khng ng b
-H s cng sut cao ,khi cn c th lm vic
ch qu kch t tr thnh mt my b cung cp cng
sut phn khng cho mng in .
-M men quay t l bc nht vi in p ca mng
,v vy n t ph thuc vo s dao ng ca in p .Khi tn
s ca ngun khng i ,tc quay ca ng c khng ph
thuc vo ph ti ,do nng sut lm vic ca my cao.
Khuyt im ca ng c l ch to phc tp , gi thnh
t .Chnh v vy ng c khng ng b ch chim
81

khong 20% tng s dng c dng trong cng nghip .Ngy
nay nh ch to c nhng ng c gi thnh h v c gi
cng sut tng i rng nn ngi ta c xu hng x dng loi
ng c ng b .
5) Nng cao cht lng sa cha ng c :
Do cht lng sa cha ng c khng tt nn sau khi sa
cha cc tnh nng ca ng c thng km :tn tht trong
ng c tng ln ,Cos gim
v v cn ch trng n
khu nng cao cht lng sa cha ng c gp phn gii

quyt vn ci thin h s Cos ca nh my .
6) Thay th my bin p lm vic non ti bng nhng
my bin p c dng lng nh hn:
My bin p l mt trong nhng my in tiu th nhiu
cng sut phn khng (Sau ng c khng ng b) V vy
nu trong tng lai tng i di m h s ph ti ca my
bin p khng c kh nng vt qu 0,3 th nn thay n bng
my c dung lng nh hn .ng v mt vn hnh m xt th
trong thi gian c ph ti nh (ca ba) nn ct bt cc my bin
p non ti .Bin php ny cng c tc dng ln nng cao h s
Cos t nhin ca nh my.
III) Nng cao h s Cos bng phng php b
Bng cch t cc thit b b gn cc h dng in

cung cp cng sut phn khng cho chng ,ta gim c lng
cng sut phn khng phi truyn trn ng dy do nng
cao h s Cos mng in .Bin php b khng gim c lng
cng sut phn khng ca cc h tiu th m ch gim c lng
cng sut truyn ti trn ng y m thi .V th ch sau
82

lkhi thc hin cc bin php nng cao h s Cos t nhin m
vn khng t c yu cu th chng ta mi xt ti phng
php b .Ni chung h s Cos t nhin cao nht cng khng
t ti 0,9 (thng vo khong 0,7-0,8)v th cc x nghip
hin i bao gi cng t thm cc thit b b .Cn ch l b
cng sut phn khng ngoi mc ch chnh l nng cao h
s Cos tit kim in cn c tc dng ht sc quan
trng l iu chnh v n nh in p ca mng
B cng sut phn khng a li hiu qu kinh t nh trn
phn tch nhng phi tn km thm v mua sm thit b b
v chi ph vn hnh chung .V vy quyt nh phng n b
phi da trn c s tnh ton v so snh kinh t k thut .
IV)Cc thit b b trong h thng cung cp in
1) T tnh in:
+Nhc im :
-Rt kh iu chnh trn trong t
-T ch pht ra cng sut phn khng m
khng tiu th cng sut phn khng
-T rt nhy cm vi in p t u cc
(Cng sut phn khng pht ra t l vi bnh phng in p
t u cc)
-in p u cc tng qu 10% t b n
-Khi xy ra s c ln t rt d hng
+u im :
-N c phn quay nn vn hnh qun l n
gin
83

-G thnh KVA t ph thuc vo tng chi ph
d dng x l cc i lng b t cc ph ti khc nhau nhn
lm gim dung lng t t ph ti
-Tn tht cng sut tc dng trn t b (0,030,035)KW/KVA
-T c th ghp ni song song hoc ni tip
p ng vi mi dung lng b mi cp in p t 0,4750KW
2)My b ng b : (Thc cht l ng c ng b
song khng mang ti)
+u im :
-C th iu chnh trn cng sut phn
khng
-C th tiu th bt cng sut phn khng khi
h thng tha cng sut phn khng
-Cng sut phn khng pht ra u cc t
l bc nht vi in p t u cc (Nn t nhy cm)
+Nhc im:
-Gi thnh t
-Thng dng vi my c dung lng t 5000KVA
tr ln
-Tn hao cng sut tc dng ri trn my b
ng b l ln (i vi my 5000-6000KVA th tn hao t 0,30,35KW/KVA)
-Khng th lm vic mi cp in p (Ch
c t 10,5 KV tr xung)
84

-My ny ch dt ph ti quan trng v c
dung lng b ln t 5000KVA tr ln
3)ng c khng ng b c ho dng b ho:
-Khng kinh t _Gi thnh t
_Tn hao cng sut ln
-Ch dng trong trng hp bt c d
(Ngoi ra ngi ta cn dng my pht in pht ra cng sut
phn khng tuy nhin khng kinh t)
*Qua nhng phn tch trn ta thy p ng c yu
cu bi ton v nng cao cht lng in nng ta chn phng
php b bng t in tnh
Cc bc c tin hnh nh sau:

B1) Xc nh dung lng b
1)H s Cos
tb
ton x nghip:
Ta c h s
Cos tb =
ttpxi
* Cos pxi
ttpxi
= 0.65
H s Cos
tb
ti thiu do nh nc quy nh l 0,85-0,95 nh
vy ta phi b cng sut phn khng cho nh my nng

cao h s Cos
tb
2)Tnh dung lng b tng ca ton x nghip :

Cng thc tnh:
Qb=Pttxn*(tg 1 -tg 2 )
Trong :
+tg 1 :Tng ng vi h s Cos 1 trckhi b
85

+tg 2 :Tng ng vi h s Cos 2 sau khi cn b
t gi tr quy nh ( y ta ly Cos 2 bng 0,95)
Cos 1 =0,65 tg 1 =1.169
Cos 2 =0,95 tg 2 =0,329
Vy ta c Qb=2799.37 (1.169 - 0.329)=2351.47(KVAR)
Vy Qb=2351.47 (KVAR)
B2 ) Chn thit b b v v tr b
1)V tr t thit b b:
V nguyn tc c li nht v mt gim tn tht in
p ,tn tht in nng cho i tng dng in l t phn
tn cc b t b cho tng ng c in ,tuy nhin nu t
phn tn s khng c li v vn u t ,lp t v qun l vn
hnh .V vy vic t cc thit b b tp trung hay phn tn
l tu thuc vo cu trc h thng cung cp in ca i tng
,theo kinh nghim ta t cc thit b b pha h p ca trm
bin p phn xng ti t phn phi ,v y ta coi gi tin
n v (/KVAR) thit b b h p ln khng ng k so vi g
tin n v tn tht in nng qua my bin p .
2)Chn thit b b :
Nh phn tch trn v t cc c im trn ta c th
la chn thit b b l cc t in tnh .N c u im l gi 1
n v phn khng l khng i nn thun tin cho vic chia
nh thnh nhm v t gn cc ph ti .Mt khc t in
tnh tiu th rt t cng sut tc dng t 0,003-0,005KW v
vn hnh n gin v t s c .
86
B3 ) Tnh ton phn phi dung lng b

S nguyn l lp t thit b b :
120KV
10KV
BATT
CP
Pi+J
Qbt
BAP
Qbi
S thay th:
Rci
10KV
Rri
0,4K
(Qi-
Qbt
1)Tnh dung lng b cho tng mch:

-Cng thc phn phi dung lng b cho mt nhnh hnh
tia .
Q Qb
Rd
Rdn
Rba
Rba
Qb1 Q1
Qb2 Q2
87
Qbn Qn

Ta c cng thc:
Q xn Qbt
*Rt
Ri
Qbi= Qi -
Vi i = 1-n
Trong :
+Qbi :L cng sut b cn t nhnh th i
+Qi :L cng sut phn khng ca nhnh th i
+Qxn:L cng sut phn khng ton x nghip
+Qbt :L cng sut b cn thit m bo Cos theo
quy nh
+Ri :in tr nhnh th i ,vi Ri = Rdi+Rbai
+Rt :in tr tng ng ton mng
+Rdi:in tr ca ng dy th i
+ Rbai:in tr ca my bin p th i,v c tnh nh sau:
Rbai
PN * U 2
=
S 2 dm
thun tin cho vic vn hnh v gim bt cc thit b

ng ct ,o lng cho cc nhm t ,ngi ta quy nh rng
nu dung lng b ti u ca mt nhnh no nh hn 30 KVAR
th khng nn t t in nhnh na m nn phn
phi dung lng b sang cc nhnh ln cn.
*By gi ta i tnh in tr tng ng ca cc nhnh :
ng cp
PPTT-B1
PPTT-B2
PPTT-B3
PPTT-B4
PPTT-B5
PPTT-B6
PPTT-B7
F,mm2
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
L,m
100
72
40
64
88
64
156
ro,/km
1.47
1.47
1.47
1.47
1.47
1.47
1.47
88
RB
1.3
1.6
2.8
1.6
2.8
2.8
2.1
Rd,
0.074
0.053
0.029
0.065
0.129
0.094
0.232
R,
1.374
1.653
2.829
1.665
2.929
2.894
2.332

*By gi ta i tnh in tr tng ng ca cc nhnh :
V Rt = (1/R1+1/R2+1/R3+1/R4+1/R5 +1/R6+1/R7)-1
= (1/1.374 +1/1.653+1/2.829 +1/1.665 + 1/
2.929+1/2.894+1/2.332 )-1
=1/3.403( )
VyRt = 0.294( )
*)S thay th mng cao p x nghip dng tnh ton

cng sut b ti thanh ci h p cc trm bin p PX:
PPTT
Rc4
Rc2
Rc3
Rc4
Rc5
Rc6
Rb4
Rb2
R b3
R b4
Rb5
Rb6
Qb3 Q3
Qb4 Q4 Qb5
Rc7
Rb7b
Qb7
Qb1 Qb1
Q7
Qb2 Q2
89
Q5
Qb6
Q6
*Tnh cng sut b cho nhnh BATT-B1:

Qb2=1063.9-(3368.8-2531.5) 0.294/=149(KVAR)
Ta tnh ton tng t cho cc nhm khc ta c kt qu c
ghi trong bng sau:
Bng 5-2
Tn
Qi (KVAR)
QxN(KVAR)
Qbt(KVAR) Qbi(KVAR)
nhnh
BATT-B1
BATT-B2
BATT-B3
BATT-B4
BATT-B5
BATT-B6
BATT-B7
1063.9
759.9
493.9
830.6
189.9
258.3
395.1
3368.8
3368.8
3368.8
3368.8
3368.8
3368.8
3368.8
2531.5
2531.5
2531.5
2531.5
2531.5
2531.5
2531.5
884.7
610.9
406.9
682.8
82.4
173.2
289.5
B4) Chn kiu v dung lng b

V in p thp nn ta chn t in p thp thng c
ch to thnh t 3 pha ,3 phn t ca n c ni thnh hnh
tam gic .
Cn c vo kt qu trn ta chn dng loi b t 3 pha do Lin
X ch to b t c bo v bng ptomt, trong t c t cc
bng n lm in tr phng in .
Chn loi t KC2-0,38-28-3Y1 cng sut mi t l 28KVAR
u song song
Bng 5-3 chn t b t ti cc trm bin p phn xng :
V
Loi t
S pha
Qbi(KVAR)
S lng
884.7
18
tr
t
B1
KC2-0,38-50-3Y1
90

B2
KC2-0,38-50-3Y1
3
B3
KC2-0,38-50-3Y1
3
B4
KC2-0,38-50-3Y1
3
B5
KC2-0,38-50-3Y1
3
B6
KC2-0,38-50-3Y1
3
B7
KC2-0,38-50-3Y1
3
Hnh 5-2 :S nguyn l t t
610.9
12
406.9
8
682.8
13
82.4
2
173.2
4
289.5
6
b trong trm bin p.
Hnh 5-3 S lp t t b trong trm t hai MBA
91
T
Ap
tn
g
T
pp
cho
P.X
T
b
Cos
T
Ap
Ph
n
T
b
Cos
T
pp
cho
P.X
T
Ap
tn
g
Hnh 5-4: S lp t t b trong trm t mt MBA
T
Ap
tn
g
T
pp
cho
P.X
T
b
Cos
92
Kt lun
Vi nhim v thi k mng cung cp in cho nh my
ng h chnh xc .Trong qu trnh lm vic ,gip em nm
vng hn l thuyt hc c trong bi ging ca thy , c
thm nhiu s hiu bit v thc t .Tuy nhin do ni dung
cng vic hon tn mi m v tm hiu kit cn hn ch nn
n mn hc ca em khng trnh khi thiu st . Em mong
cc thy c ch ch bo v gip em .
Em xin chn thnh cm n :
Sinh
vin
thc
hin:
Tng Th L
93
Ti liu tham kho

1. Thit k cp in (NXB KHKT)
Tc gi : Ng Hng Quang
V Vn Tm
2.Gio trnh cung cp in cho x nghip cng nghip
Tc gi : Ng Hng Quang
Trn Bch
ng Ngc Dinh
Phan ng Khi
Ngc Hng Quang
94

Do An Mon Cung Cap Dien

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n mn hc_ H thng cung cp in

Cng ho x hi ch ngha vit nam

thit k h thng cung cp in

Gio vin hng dn

Tng Th L - TH3 - K43

n mn hc_ H thng cung cp in

Loi nghnh ngh , qui m v nng lc ca x nghip

Gii thiu ph ti in ca ton x nghip

Chng II: Xc nh ph ti tnh ton cc phn xng

Xc nh ph ti tnh ton ca px sa cha c kh

Xc nh ph ti tnh ton ca cc phn xng khc

Xc nh bn knh vng trn ph ti

Chng III: Thit k mng cao p nh my

Phng n cp in mng cao p

V tr t trm phn phi trng tm

Xc nh v tr v s lng , cng sut cc trm BA

Phng n i dy mng cao p

V s nguyn l mng cao p

Tnh ton ngn mch v tra cc thit b chn

Chng IV: Thit k mng h p phn xng sa cha c kh

n mn hc_ H thng cung cp in

Xc nh ph ti tnh ton ca phn xng

Tnh ton ngn mch h p phn xng

S nguyn l ca mng h p phn xng

Chn thit b cho t phn phi v t ng lc

Chng V : B cng sut phn khng nng cao cos

ngha v vic b cng sut phn khng trong nh

Cc bin php nng cao h s cng sut

Nng cao h s cos bng phng php b

Cc thit b b trong h thng cung cp in

Cc bc tin hnh b cng sut

n mn hc_ H thng cung cp in

n mn hc_ H thng cung cp in

n mn hc_ H thng cung cp in

Gii thiu chung v nh my

1) Loi ngnh ngh :

Sn phm ca nh my l sn phm yu cu chnh xc

gn nh tuyt i .N mang mt ngha rt quan trng i vi

n mn hc_ H thng cung cp in

Trong thi k cng nghip ho hin i ho ,cc dy truyn

sn xut ca ngnh sn xut ng h c trang b ch yu l

Nh my trong ti nghin cu c qui m kh ln .Nh my

c ti 11 phn xng vi cc ph ti in sau :

n mn hc_ H thng cung cp in

n mn hc_ H thng cung cp in

n mn hc_ H thng cung cp in

y l mt ti thit k mn hc ,do thi gian c hn , vic

n mn hc_ H thng cung cp in

2_My tin ren

3_My tin ren

7_My phay vn nng

9_My mi trn vn nng

n mn hc_ H thng cung cp in

4_My doa ngang

18_My mi trn vn nng

2_My tin ren

10_My phay chp hnh

20_My mi phng c trc nm

7_My phay chp hnh

6_My phay ngang

11_My phay chp hnh

n mn hc_ H thng cung cp in

9_My phay chp hnh