!= jt{dfg ;/sf/n] cfuld !) jif{ leq !

) xhf/ d]3fjf6 hnljB't pTkfbg ug]{

jtfO{/x]sf] cj:yfdf tkfO{ Ps hgf hn;|f]t lj1sf] x}l;otn] ;/sf/sf] of]
egfO{nfO{ s;/L lng'ePsf]5 <
oxf“n] dnfO{ hn;|f]t ljb\ eGg'eof], d hn;|f]t ljb\ geO{ hn;|f]t
sfg"gsf] ljBfyL{ x“ . jt{dfg ;/sf/n] !) jif{ leq !) xhf/ d]ufjf6 ljB't lgdf{0f
ug]{ 3f]if0f u/]sf] 5 of] cfkm}df k|z+;lgo sfd xf], of] ;+ej klg 5 t/ olx
;+:sf/af6 cufl8 j9\b} hfg] xf] eg] k"0f{ ?kdf c;+ej b]V5' .
!= s] nufgLsf] lx;fjn] xfdL Tolt ug{ ;S5f} <
g]kfndf nuflgsf] ;d:of xf]Og,d'Vou/L ljZjf;sf] ;d:of xf] . hf] lhDd]jf/Ldf
j:5g\ pgLx?n] c;/ lgot gb]vfO{ /x]sf] cj:yfsf] sf/0f clxn] To; tkm{ k|]l/t ug{
uf¥xf] k/]sf] xf] . d'Vou/L :yfoL ;/sf/sf] ?kdf /x]sf] sd{rf/L tGqaf6 o; kIfdf
hlt kxn ug'{kg]{ xf] Tof] geO{/x]sf] sf/0f ljb]zLx?nfO{ leq\ofpg] / To;sf]
sld;g l;ldt JolQmnfO{ dfnfdfn x'g] ePsf]n] xf] . t/ g]kfnL nufgLdfg} k|To]s
g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ ;|f]tsf] dflns agfpg ;Sg] tfdfsf]zL df]8]nsf] ljsl;t ?k tkm{
/fHo s]lGb|t ePsf] v08df d'Vo g]kfnL nufgL / ;fgf ljb]zLnfO{ /fv]/ of]
cleofgnfO{ ;kmn kfg{ ;S5f} .
!=oxf“n] ljZjf;sf] ;+s6 5 eGg'eof] < o:tf] cj:yfdf g]kfnL nufgLsf] cnjf
ljb]zL nufgL leq=ofpg] cj:yf slt ;xh b]Vg'ePsf] 5 <
ljZjdf cf}Bf]lus/0fsf sf/0f pmhf{sf] dfulbgk|ltlbg j9]/ uPsf] 5 .
/fHosf] ;d[l4 Tof] b]zsf] pmhf{ Ifdtf;+u /fv]/ x]l/g] ul/G5 . d'Vou/L hnljB't,
jfo', sf]Onf, h}ljs cflbsf] cnjf k/df0f' pmhf{ pTkfbgtkm{ klg s]lGb|t x'g
yfn]sf] cj:yfdf hnljB't h:tf] ;'4 / lb3{sflng pmhf{ pTkfbgdf ljb]zLx? nufgL
ug{ tof/ 5g\ t/ jt{dfg b]zsf] /fhg}lts cj:yf, hn;|f]t sfg"g, gLlt ;j}df /fd|f]
Joj:yfkg ug{ ;s]sf] v08df pgLx? nufgL ug{ tof/ x'G5g\ . nufgLubf{
pgLx?sf] xftdfly kfg]{ zt{x?df cfvf lrDn]/ xfdLn] ;xLug]{ ug'{x'“b}g .

!= jtdfg{ hn;|f]t To;df klg hnljB't gLltn] o; If]qnfO{ sltsf] pT;flxt agfpg]
elgPsf] 5 <
g]kfn ljh'nLsf] 7"nf] pTkfbgstf{ / ef/t klg vl/bstf{ xf], g]kfnn] !) jif{ leq !)
xhf/ d]ufjf6 pTkfbg ug]{ 3f]if0f ug'{eGbf klxNo} ef/tn] cfufld !) jif{ leqdf
! nfv $) xhf/ yKg] of]hgf agfPsf] 5 . of] k|ultsf] cfsf8fnfO{ x]bf{ g]kfn
cufl8 5, lsgsL dfq ^%) d]ufjf6af6 !) xhf/ d]ufjf6sf] km8\sf] df/]sf] cj:yf 5
eg] ef/t ! nfv $) xhf/af6 !) jif{df s]jn bf]Jj/ ! nfv $) xhf/ ylk b'O{ nfv *)
xhf/ d]ufjf6 k'¥ofpg] nIo /fv]sf] cj:yfdf xfd|f] ;/sf/n] ;/sf/L,gLlh / ;xsf/Lsf]
;+o'Qm k|of;df of] sfd ug{ pT;flxt 5 . ljutdf jg]sf] gLltaf6 kf7 l;Sb} cj jGg]
gLltdf hgtfsf] ;|f]tdflysf] clwsf/nfO{ ;'/lIft ug{ klg hgtfsf] ;xeflutf d'ns
gLlt, of]hgf / sfg"g / To;sf] c;n sfof{Gjogsf] kIfdf Wofg lbg' kb{5 eg]
afX\o nufgL cfs{lif{t ug{ klg cj jGg] sfg"gdf ljz]if Wofg lbg' kb{5 .

!= g]kfndf hnljB'tsf] ;fgf / 7"nfsf] ljifonfO{ lnP/ ljjfb ePsf] 5 lg To;sf]

oyfy{tf s] xf] <
g]kfnnfO{ ;fgf] / 7"nf] ;j} vfnsf] cfof]hgf rflxG5 t/ ;j}eGbf klxnf b]zsf]
:jfy{;+u hf]8]/ x]g'{kb{5 . xfd|f] kfgLsf] jf:tljs lrq0f x'g'k¥of] . xfd|f] Ifdtf
slt xf], To;df ljB't pTkfbgnfO{ dfq k|fyldstf lbg] sfd gu/L kfgLsf] Plss[t
hn;|f]t Joj:yfkg tkm{ Wofg lbb} clwstd kfgLsf] ljljw If]qdf k|of]unfO{ lnP/
xfdL hfg ;s]sf] v08df 7"nf] jf ;fgf] ljjfb p7\b}g . t/ clxn] h'g 9+un] ljB't
If]qdf sfd x'g yfn]sf] 5 Tof] sf7df08f}sf] j:tL lj:tf/ h:t} eljZodf hl6ntf
Nofpg] ePsf]n] /fHon] :ki6 ?kdf xfd|f] kfgLsf] Ifdtf s] xf], k|fyldstf s] xf] <
To;sf] cfly{s kIf s] x'g ;S5 lo ;j} ljifonfO{ hf]8]/ dfq xfdLn] ;kmntf kfpg
;S5f} .

g]kfndf hnljB't If]qsf] ljsf;;+u :jb]zL / ljb]zL hndflkmofx?sf] rxnkxn 5

elgG5gL <
hn;|f]t k|fs[lts ;|f]tdWo]sf] ;j}eGbf dxTjk'0f{ ;|f]t ePsf]n] c? ;|f]tdf eGbf
of] If]qdf dflkmofx?sf] rnv]n x'G5 . d'Vou/L of] If]qdf /fHoleqsf hndflkmof
/ cGt/fli6«o :t/sf] hndflkmof aLrsf] ;f7uf7 cToGt jlnof] 5, logLx?n] h]
rfx\of] Tof] u/]/g} 5f8\5g . cem g]kfnsf] hn;|f]tdf logLx?sf] xfjL jlnof] 5 /
To;n] cfkm"nfO{ ;kmntf xfl;n ul//fv]sf cj:yf 5 .
!=;/sf/n] s] u¥of] eg] g]kfnsf] kfgLnfO{ ;]tf] ;"gsf] ?kdf kl/0ft ug{ ;S5 <
;j}eGbf klxnf t /fHosf] OR5fzlQm x'g'k¥of], bf];|f] gLlt,sfg"g, sfof{Gjog /
To;sf] cg'udgsf] kIfnfO{ hf]8\lbg' kbf{ hgtfsf] ;xeflutfnfO{ ;jf]{kl/ /fvL
hgtfsf] nufgLnfO{ ljleGg df]8]nsf] ?kdf ljsf; ug{ ;Sof] eg] g]kfn ljZjsf]
;j}eGbf wgL /fi6«sf] ?kdf cfkm"nfO{ :yflkt ug{ ;S5f . xfdLnfO{ k|s[ltn]
Tof] pkxf/ lbPsf 5g\ . cj ;|f]t dflysf] n8fO{ To;df klg kfgL dflysf]
n8fO{nfO{ xfdLn] xfd|f] ;d[l4;+u hf]8]/ cufl8 j9\g ;Sof} eg] xfdL ;kmn
x'g ;S5f} .
ljB't k|flws/0fsf sfdaf6 slt ;Gt'i6 x'g'x'G5 <
ljB't k|flws/0f ljB'tsf] Psflwsf/ clwsf/ lnP/ j;]sf] 5 of] cj:yfdf p;n] s'g} ult
lnPsf] 5}g j? ljB't k|flws/0fnfO{ Pp6f e|i6rf/sf] cv8f jgfpg] sfd u/]sf]n]
Toxf s]xL u/f} eGg] /fi6«jfbL sd{rf/LnfO{ To;sf] df/ k/]sf] 5 / ;j}eGbf j9L
df/ g]kfnL hgtfn] ef]Ug' k/sf] cj:yf 5 .
;dfKt
lqmoflzn 5, t/ of] k/df0f' pmhf{ xltof/df klg kl/0ft x'g] ePsf]n]
c;xdltaf6 cufl8 j9] . ljZjzflGtdf c;/ kfg]{ ePsf]n] hnljB'tg} jftfj/0fLo kIfaf6
klg /fd|f] x'g] s'/fnfO{ pmhf{ ;Dd]ngsf bf}/fg ef/tLo pmhf{ tyf Jofkf/
/fHodGqL ho/fd /d]zn] jf]n]sf] zJbdf w]/} cy{ n's]sf]5 . ef/tn] cfkm\gf]
pmhf{ dfu k"/f ug{ cd]l/sf;+u k/df0f' pmhf{ vl/bljqmLsf] nflu u/]sf]
;+emf}tf tTsflng ;dosf] nflu dfq ePsf] t/ lb3{sflng eg] g]kfnsf] hnljB't
pTkfbg klg ef/tsf] nflu 7"nf] jhf/ x'g] cfzo b]vfPsf] 5 . cem hf]8lbb} g]kfn
ljh'nLsf] 7"nf] pTkfbgstf{ / ef/t vl/bstf{ x'g] / clxn] ePsf] ! nfv $) xhf/
d]ufjf6 /x]sf] g]kfnn] !) jif{ leq !) xhf/ d]ufjf6 pTkfbg ug]{ 3f]if0f
ug'{eGbf klxNo} ef/tn] cfufld !) jif{ leqdfg} ! nfv $) xhf/ yKg] of]hgf
agfPsf] 5 . of] k|ultsf] cfsf8fnfO{ x]bf{ g]kfn cufl8 5, lsgsL dfq ^%)
d]ufjf6af6 !) xhf/ d]ufjf6sf] km8\sf] df/]sf] cj:yf 5 eg] ef/t ! nfv $)
xhf/af6 !) jif{df s]jn bf]Jj/ ! nfv $) xhf/ ylk b'O{ nfv *) xhf/ d]ufjf6
k'¥ofpg] nIo /fv]sf] 5 . clxn] ef/tn] e'6fgdf hnljB'tsf] nflu nufgL u/]/ !$
xhf/ d]ufjf6 vl/b u/L !! ;o sfof{Gjogdf 5 t/ ef/tn] s] dxz'; u¥of] eg] ljxf/ /
o"kLnfO{ s]Gb|ljGb' agfp“bf g]kfn / klZrdj+ufn / cfzfd /fHox?nfO{ eg]
e'6fgaf6 pknJw n}hfg ;lhnf] kg]{ pgLx?af6 ul/Psf] cWoogn] b]vfp“5 .

xfn;Dd g]kfnn] nueu ^%) d]ufjf6 ljB't pTkfbg u/]sf] 5 . Tof] clxn]sf] guGo
pmhf{ zlQm xf] . xfdL;+u gePsf] k]6«f]lnod kbfy{sf] vf]hL / b]z leqsf]
hnljB't pTkfbgdf cfPsf] cgfjZos ljjfbsf] sf/0f sfd eGbf s'/fdf j9L s]Gb|Lt
g]kfnL ;+:sf/sf] sf/0f ulDe/ ;d:ofdf 5 . !) jif{sf] o'4 / w]/} of]4fx?n] lbPsf]
jlnbfg kZrft jg]sf] zlQmzfnL ;/sf/n] klg o; s'/fdf Tolt 5f6sf6 Nofpg ;Sg'kg]{
lyof], Tof] x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . k|wfgdGqLsf] ef/te|d0fsf ;dodf u/]sf] cfXjfg /
;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3sf] lzv/ ;Dd]ngsf] qmddf e]6\bf /fv]sf] k|:tfjn] Tolt 7fp“
kfpg ;s]g . b]zsf] cy{dGqLn] jh]6df j9L hf]8lbPsf] hnljB't h;df Pdfn]n] !)
xhf/ d]ufjf6 ljB't pTkfbg ug]{ dxTjsfIfL ;f]rn] w]/}nfO{ lgs} pT;flxt dfq
jgfPg . clxn]g} nufgL u/f} eGg] efjgf ljsf; klg u¥of] . s]xL lbg cufl8
Okfgn] cfof]hgf u/]sf] Ps pmhf{ ;Dd]ngdf y'k|} :jb]zL tyf ljb]zL
nufgLstf{nfO{ pkl:ylt u/fpg ;kmn eof] .
oxL cj;/df k|efjsf/L pmhf{ gLltdf jx; rnfpgsf] nflu ;j}sf] Pp6} cfjh
lyof] . Tof] eGbf cufl8 /fhgLlts :yfloTj / zflGt;'/Iffsf] cj:yf cg's'n geP;Dd
nufgLsf] ;+efjgf x'g ;Sb}g eGg] ;j}sf] dt p7]sf] Pp6f cj:yf lyof] eg] clxn]
ljZjJofkL cfly{s dGbL cfO{/fv]sf] cj:yfdf To;sf] c;/ kSs} klg g]kfnnfO{
kl//fvsf] 5 . xfd|f] d'Vo Jofkf/ x'g] ef/t xf] / o;nfO{ Jofkf/ 3f6f sdug{
g]kfnsf] lx/f eg]/ lrlgPsf] hnljB't / To;sf] pTkfbgaf6 nfef+z lng] eg]/ xfdL
s'n]{klg g]kfn ljB't k|flws/0f / ef/tLo gLlh ljB't sDkgL kL6L;L OlG8of
lnld6]8 jLr g]kfndf ^) d]ufjf6 ljB't cfk"lt{ ug]{ ;xdlt kqdf x:tfIf/ ePkZrft
w]/} s'/fsf] lx;fjlstfj ck|Tofl;t ?kdf z+sfsf] 7fp“x? /flvPsf] b]lvG5 . xfd|f]
ef/t;+usf] Jofkf/ 3f6f Ps vj{ kf“r cj{sf] 3f6fdf em08} ^ cj{ t k]6«f]lnPd
kbfy{sf] dfq} lx:;f b]lvbf xfdLn] ;/sf/L gLlt / sfo{qmdaf6 s'g} k|efjsf/Ltf
b]vfpg'kg]{ xf]Og <
ljZjdf cf}Bflus/0fsf sf/0f pmhf{sf] dfulbgk|ltlbg k"/f ug{ hnljB't,
jfo', sf]Onf, h}ljs cflbaf6 g;s]kl5 k/df0f' pmhf{ pTkfbgtkm{ s]lGb|t x'g
yfn]sf] 5, t/ of] k/df0f' pmhf{ xltof/df klg kl/0ft x'g] ePsf]n] c;xdltaf6
cufl8 j9] . ljZjzflGtdf c;/ kfg]{ ePsf]n] hnljB'tg} jftfj/0fLo kIfaf6 klg /fd|f]
x'g] s'/fnfO{ pmhf{ ;Dd]ngsf bf}/fg ef/tLo pmhf{ tyf Jofkf/ /fHodGqL
ho/fd /d]zn] jf]n]sf] zJbdf w]/} cy{ n's]sf]5 . ef/tn] cfkm\gf] pmhf{ dfu
k"/f ug{ cd]l/sf;+u k/df0f' pmhf{ vl/bljqmLsf] nflu u/]sf] ;+emf}tf tTsflng
;dosf] nflu dfq ePsf] t/ lb3{sflng eg] g]kfnsf] hnljB't pTkfbg klg ef/tsf]
nflu 7"nf] jhf/ x'g] cfzo b]vfPsf] 5 . cem hf]8lbb} g]kfn ljh'nLsf] 7"nf]
pTkfbgstf{ / ef/t vl/bstf{ x'g] / clxn] ePsf] ! nfv $) xhf/ d]ufjf6 /x]sf]
g]kfnn] !) jif{ leq !) xhf/ d]ufjf6 pTkfbg ug]{ 3f]if0f ug'{eGbf klxNo}
ef/tn] cfufld !) jif{ leqdfg} ! nfv $) xhf/ yKg] of]hgf agfPsf] 5 . of] k|ultsf]
cfsf8fnfO{ x]bf{ g]kfn cufl8 5, lsgsL dfq ^%) d]ufjf6af6 !) xhf/ d]ufjf6sf]
km8\sf] df/]sf] cj:yf 5 eg] ef/t ! nfv $) xhf/af6 !) jif{df s]jn bf]Jj/ ! nfv $)
xhf/ ylk b'O{ nfv *) xhf/ d]ufjf6 k'¥ofpg] nIo /fv]sf] 5 . clxn] ef/tn]
e'6fgdf hnljB'tsf] nflu nufgL u/]/ !$ xhf/ d]ufjf6 vl/b u/L !! ;o sfof{Gjogdf
5 t/ ef/tn] s] dxz'; u¥of] eg] ljxf/ / o"kLnfO{ s]Gb|ljGb' agfp“bf g]kfn /
klZrdj+ufn / cfzfd /fHox?nfO{ eg] e'6fgaf6 pknJw n}hfg ;lhnf] kg]{
pgLx?af6 ul/Psf] cWoogn] b]vfp“5 .
pmhf{ gLltleq hn;|f]t dfq kb}{g eg] hn;|f]t gLltleq klg hnljB't dfq
kb}{g . hn;|F]t leq vfg]kfgL, l;rfO{, dgf]/Ghg, df5fkfng klg kb{5 . of]
cj:yfdf g]kfnn] hn;|f]t / pmhf{ gLlt :ki6 / k|efjsf/L agfpg gof“ cjwf/0ffsf]
ljsf; ul/g'kb{5 . pu|hne8sfp / oyfl:ylthnjfb b'j}b]lv ;t{s x'“b} cufl8 j9\g
s'/faf6 geO{ sfdaf6 cufl8 j9\g'kb{5 . xfdLn] k/Dk/futz}nLaf6 /fi6«nfO{
;d[4 agfpg ;lsb}g . d'nt xfd|f] hnljB'tsf] ljsf; nfut, nufgL, jhf/, cflbdf dfq
lge{/ 5}g b]zsf] hn;|f]t gLlt, hnljB'tsf] gLlt / /fli6«o ;xdltdf /fHoleq}
hnljB'tsf] ljsf;df ;+s6sfn nfu' ub}{ Ps z'lqo ?kdf o;sf] ljsf; u/L lgz'Ns ljB't
;]jf gfu/LsnfO{ lbO{;s]kl5 dfq c? jx; p7fpg' cfjZos 5 To;} cg'?k xfd|f] gLlt
jGg';fGb{le{s x'G5 .
nfdf];do nufP/ hn;|f]t dGqfno / hn tyf zlQm cfof]usf] . To;af6 bfp/f,
k]6«f]n, :j:Yo gfu/Ls dfq xf]Og ;du| kIfdf 7"nf] cfd"n kl/jt{g cfpg ;S5 .
3fef/tnfO{ ljB't j]Rg];+efjgf b]vfp“bf tLg xft pk|mg] / j]r]/ wgL x'g] ;kgf
klg w]/} x'g'x'“b}g .

lgZsif{M ef}uf]lns P+j k|fs[lts pkxf/sf] kmn:j?k pmhf{ pknJw x'g] ;|f]tn]
xfdL ;d[45f} . o;nfO{ b]zsf] cfly{s,;fdflhs,;f+:s[lts tyf /fhg}lts ?kfGt/0fdf
sf]z]9'Ëf ;fljt agfpg cj;/ eGbf r'gf}tL j9L /x]sf] xfdLn] :jLsfg'{kb{5 .
hltw]/} ePklg o;af6 plrt nfe xfl;n ug{ g;s]sf] s'/f xfdLdf :ki6 5 .
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