Op Amps Design and Application

By Celon Blair Assisted by Professor N. Phuan Ong

Op Amps
Very high voltage gain Two inputs Single output

A Survey of Op Amp Applications

What uses are there for an op amp in the industry? Amplifiers Oscillators Regulators Rectification Computer Interfaces Fields of Application

Project and Design Goals

Using Op Amp Circuits to Design and Build a Function Generator.

1. Frequency of oscillation 2. Ramp amplitude

1.8 kilohertz 3 volts 741 7 volts

3. Op Amp 4. VSAT

Components of the Function Generator Design

C1 R3 R2

A triangle-wave oscillator circuit

R1

C2 R5

Integrator circuit

R4 R6 C4 R8

Differentiator circuit

C3 C5

R7 R9

Theory of Operation
R2 and R3 establish the amplitude of the ramp voltage for the oscillator R1 and C1 determine the frequency of oscillation R4 establishes the basic range of operation for the integrator circuit C2 is used in integration of the triangle wave R5 acts as an active filter R6 is the parallel combination of R4 and R5 R7 and C4 act as an active filter R8 establishes the basic range of operation for the differentiator circuit R9 maintains equal DC resistances in both of the op amp input terminals C4 reduces the gain at high-noise frequencies and yet minimize the effect on normal circuit frequencies C5 ensures that R9 will be effectively bypassed for all usable circuit frequencies C3 is used in differentiation of the triangle wave

Practical Design Techniques for Oscillator Circuit

1.) Ramp Amplitude VTH = VSATR2 / R3 2.) f = 1 / T T = 2R1C1ln[(VSAT + VTH) / (VSAT - VTH)]

3.) R1C1 = T / 2 / ln[(VSAT +VTH) / (VSAT - VTH)]

Practical Design Techniques for Integrator Circuit

4.) R4 = Vo(+max) / 800A 5.) C2 = iI / (2VSATfL) 6.) R5 = 10 / (2fC2) 7.) R6 = 1 / [(1/R4) + (1/R5)]

Practical Design Techniques for Differentiator Circuit

8.) R8 = 25Vo(+max) / ISC 9.) C3 = Vo(+max)t / (R8VI) 10.) R7 =

R 8 /( C 3 fUG )

11.) C5 = 10C3 12.) C4 =

C 3 /(8 R8 fUG)

Circuit
C1 R1 4.3k .07F R2 400 C2 R5 R4 4.1k R6 .033F 27k R3 990

2.2k C4 R8 10pF 4.6k

C3 .033F

R7 210 R9 4.6k

C5
.33F

Results

Design Goal Measured Value

Frequency Amplitude Triangle wave 1.8 kilohertz 1.8 kilohertz

3.0 volts Square wave 3.0 volts Sine wave 3.0 volts

3.0 volts
+4 volts, -3.5 volts

1.7 volts