A reverse FMEA (RFMEA) and service FMEA (SFMEA) can be initiated as soon as the manufacturing team has production-intent

parts in the production phase. This will help address human factors and process risks by reducing defect opportunities. In an RFMEA, operators are asked to install components upside down or backwardor omit them completely. Then, it is noted how far down the line the assembly progresses before the defect is detected. This helps identify where improved detective controls are needed. The SFMEA is a tool to identify potential or known service failure modes and to mitigate these failures before the first service run. The RFMEA and SFMEA should also be completed within the production phase to identify risks to the design or manufacturing process.